Development Trend of Energy and Key Points of Ecological Environment Protection in China's "14^(th) Five-Year Plan" Period

From the changes of total primary energy consumption and primary energy consumption structure,installed capacity and power generation of secondary energy(electricity),etc.,the development characteristics of China's energy structure in the"13^(th) Five-Year Plan"period was comprehensively studied.Combined with the complexity of the international situation,the diversification of the domestic energy system,the intelligence of the energy industry,etc.,the situation and challenges faced by China's energy development were deeply discussed in the four aspects of energy security,energy low-carbon transformation,energy system efficiency,and energy technology level.From the angle of ecological environment protection,the development of energy in the"14^(th) Five-Year Plan"period in China was analyzed,and some policies and measures were put forward.

妨害兴奋剂管理罪的保护法益反思与重塑

妨害兴奋剂管理罪作为新罪,如何确定其保护法益对于其合理适用至关重要。现有法益观点中,财产法益与生命健康法益不能满足法益保护的必要性,体育精神法益不能满足法益保护的价值性,国家声誉法益不能满足法益保护的规范性,众多学者赞同的“体育竞赛公平性”法益亦缺乏法益保护的重要性。解决办法是提出“国家体育事业维持”法益,此与“体育竞赛公平性”法益组合成的新双重法益,既能通过新罪法益证成规则的检验,又可以适用“自杀者不可罚,帮助自杀者可罚”的法理,解释“运动员本人不可罚,其他参与人可罚”的原因,同时通过法益对构成要件进行解释,以避免前置法不足造成的困境,同时也能对“情节严重”的含义作出合适回答。

Early diagnosis of esophageal cancer:How to put“early detection”into effect?

This editorial comments on the article by Qu et al in a recent edition of World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology,focusing on the importance of early diagnosis in managing esophageal cancer and strategies for achieving“early detection”.The five-year age-standardized net survival for esophageal cancer patients falls short of expectations.Early detection and accurate diagnosis are critical strategies for improving the treatment outcomes of esophageal cancer.While advancements in endoscopic technology have been significant,there seems to be an excessive emphasis on the latest high-end endoscopic devices and various endoscopic resection techniques.Therefore,it is imperative to redirect focus towards proactive early detection strategies for esophageal cancer,investigate the most cost-effective screening methods suitable for different regions,and persistently explore practical solutions to improve the five-year survival rate of patients with esophageal cancer.

个罪法益与构成要件的解释方法

个罪的法益与构成要件需要妥当解释,才能公正合理地适用。明确个罪的法益,有助于认清犯罪本质和处罚范围;以法益保护指导构成要件解释,有助于划清处罚界限。个罪法益可从体系地位、罪状规定和比较法视角等确定。负有照护职责人员性侵罪的法益是已满14周岁不满16周岁女性的性自主权,而不是身心健康;高空抛物罪的法益是地面公共场所人们生活起居的安稳有序的状态,而不是公共安全。构成要件解释应坚持客观解释论和实质解释论,在刑法文义的限制下,做合理的平义解释以及必要的扩大解释或缩小解释。妨害安全驾驶罪的“暴力”是广义的,“行驶中”是指发动机处于启动状态;负有照护职责人员性侵罪的“发生性关系”是指男性生殖器针对女性的侵入身体式的性行为,包括性交、肛交和口交;高空抛物罪的物品性质(属性、种类)不宜限定;侵害英雄烈士名誉、荣誉罪的对象应限定为烈士。个罪的解释应遵循罪刑法定原则,禁止做不利于被告人的类推解释。从地面向高空抛掷物品而使其从高空坠落,或者跳楼自杀,或者将他人从楼顶等高空推下等行为,均不符合高空抛物罪。

基于ICD-11的广州市中老年人消渴病疾病负担归因于中医体质分析

背景第72届世界卫生大会审议通过了《国际疾病分类第十一次修订本》(ICD-11),首次将起源于中医药的传统医学纳入章节编码,其中,消渴病编码为SD71(TM1)。目前,消渴病是临床高发疾病,中老年人是消渴病高发人群,中医体质偏颇是消渴病危险因素。目前尚未见到中医疾病负担及危险因素的研究。目的基于ICD-11传统医学章节及中医国家标准,测算广州市中老年人消渴病疾病负担,并归因于中医体质,评估中医体质监测在健康管理中的作用,为消渴病中医防治以及体质学说的应用提供参考。方法采用横断面调查的方法,于2020年,调查广州市≥50岁中老年人消渴病患病率及中医体质分布。运用全球疾病负担(GBD)的综合理论,测算广州市中老年人群消渴病的早死寿命损失年(YLL)、伤残寿命损失年(YLD)和伤残调整寿命年(DALY),评估广州市消渴病疾病负担情况。采用相对危险度(RR)评估不同中医体质对中老年人消渴病疾病的危险性。结果共调查广州市中1576名老年人,失访55名,回收有效问卷1521份,有效应答率为96.51%。其中男782名,年龄62(56,69)岁;女739名,年龄62(55,70)岁。广州市中老年人消渴病患病率为13.08%,标化患病率为12.64%。广州市中老年人体质分布最多的是痰湿质、气虚质、湿热质;其中消渴病患者分布最多的是痰湿质、阴虚质、气虚质。消渴病疾病负担DALY率为86.46‰,其中YLL率为4.86‰,YLD率为81.60‰。广州市中老年人单一体质占比为48.98%,复合体质占比为51.02%。阴虚质是导致消渴病的危险体质(RR=1.73,P<0.01),导致了疾病负担33092 DALY,DALY率为10.98‰;占消渴病中老年人群疾病负担的12.70%。就不同年龄段而言,60~69岁年龄段痰湿质(RR=1.62,P<0.05)、阴虚质(RR=1.80,P<0.05)是危险体质,其中,痰湿质导致的消渴疾病负担为18530 DALY,DALY率为18.75‰,占该年龄段消渴病疾病负担的21.63%。阴虚质导致的消渴疾病负担为10520 DALY,DALY率为10.65‰,占该年龄段消渴病疾病负担的12.28%。痰湿质与阴虚质联合导致的疾病负担为26780 DALY,DALY率为27.10‰,占该年龄段消渴病疾病负担的31.26%。就不同性别而言,男性痰湿质(RR=2.29,P<0.01),女性阴虚质(RR=2.27,P<0.01)是消渴病的危险体质。中老年男性痰湿质导致的消渴病疾病负担为45017 DALY,导致的DALY率为30.96‰,占中老年男性消渴病疾病负担的36.82%。女性阴虚质导致的消渴疾病负担为28753 DALY,导致的DALY率为18.43‰,占中老年女性消渴病疾病负担的20.79%。结论广州市≥50岁中老年人消渴病患病率较高,消渴病疾病负担沉重。阴虚质、痰湿质是导致中老年人消渴病的危险体质。建议进行中医体质监测与管理,以有效降低消渴病疾病负担。

Analysis on Opportunities and Threats for Agricultural Sustainable Development of Yunnan Province in the Context of the 13th Five-year Plan

The research studied opportunities and potential threats confronted by agricultural sustainable development, laying foundation for optimization of agricultural structure, transformation of agricultural development mode, and accomplishment of agricultural modernization. On basis of development target, development theory and route of the 13^th Five-year Plan, the research analysis the opportunities and potential threats of Yunnan agriculture and proposed policy suggestions on sustainable development of agriculture from the perspectives of ecological and competitive advantage, as well as sustainable development division in order to provide references for scientific formulation and decision-making of relevant regional planning.

从三个《历史决议》看中国共产党正确总结历史的基本经验

一百多年来,中国共产党已经能够正确、成熟地认识和总结历史经验。从党的三个《历史决议》可以看出,要想从历史中得到具有长期指导意义的真理性认识,必须坚持并正确运用唯物史观的基本方法来认识历史;必须审慎分析国内国际形势,正确把握社会发展阶段,这是正确总结历史的基本前提;还必须把巩固和加强党的团结,着眼于正在做的事,向新的目标前进作为总结历史的根本目的。

Ten Focal Problems inthe 10th Five-Year Power Plan

In view of that the average electricity consumption per capita is still rather low in China, this paper putsforward ten focal problems in the 10th Five-year Power Plan, including optimized allocation of power sources and powernetworks, environmental protection in coal-fired power plants, as well as localization of power equipment, etc.

The Five-Year Plan: A new tool for energy saving and emissions reduction in China

China has achieved economic growth while great carbon emissions reduction in recent years. Amid China＇s effort to reduce emissions, the Five-Year Plans have guided and motivated local and foreign forces from the government, industries, and society to work together. This paper showed that a mediumehigh economic growth gate, industry structure adjustment, and energy structure adjustment, which are guaranteed under the Five-Year Plan, all contribute to energy saving in China. The economy entered a stable growing phase during the 12 th Five-Year Plan, while the economic growth rate declined to 7.8% from 11.2% in the 11 th Five-Year Plan. Simultaneously, the CO2 emissions growth rate declined from8.32%（2009-2012 mean） to 1.82%（2012-2014 mean）. Industrial structure adjustment canceled out nearly one-third of the CO2 emissions caused by economic growth. Under the 13 th Five-Year Plan, China will continue its energy saving efforts on the green development path, with greener quotas, a stricter implementation process, and more key projects.

Prediction on Cold Chain Logistics Demand of Urban Residents in Jiangsu Province during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period——Based on Estimates of GM(1,1) Model

This paper takes the total yield of products that need refrigerated transport as the impact factors of transport aggregate of cold chain logistics,such as meat,aquatic products,quick-frozen noodle,fruits,vegetables,dairy,and medicine.Through selecting the consumption data of urban residents on transported products via cold chain in Jiangsu Province from 2005 to 2000 as sample,this paper establishes grey prediction model GM(1,1) of cold chain logistics demand and uses DPS7.05 software for test,to predict the cold chain logistics demand of urban residents in Jiangsu Province during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period.The results show that in the period 2010-2015,the cold chain logistics demand of urban residents in Jiangsu Province is 1 151.589 1,1 185.136 6,1 219.661 3,1 255.191 8,1 291.757 3,1 329.388 1 t respectively;in the period 2005-2010,the cold chain logistics demand of urban residents in Jiangsu Province increases at annual growth rate of 3.9%;in the period 2011-2015,the growth rate declines to some extent,increasing slowly at rate of 2.9%.

Evaluation of teaching-in-English reform in five-year clinical tropical medicine program–Case analysis of curriculum reform of clinical medicine in Hainan Medical University

Objective: To investigate the model, quality as well as effect of teaching-in-English in five-year clinical medicine program of Hainan Medical University.Methods: The questionnaire was carried out among clinical medicine undergraduates of2012–2015 grades in Hainan Medical University, to investigate studying time, studying habits and the impact of teaching in English. Additionally results of CET-4, CET-6 and overseas internship from undergraduates of 2012–2015 grade, as well as the result of phased medical licensing examination and post-graduate entrance examination from undergraduates of 2012 were accordingly collected from the Teaching Management Department.Results: For the Chinese students in international classes, the average time of self-study was 161.49 min, 58.3% had preview before classes, and 90.7% had habit of review after classes. Thus the first time pass rate, total pass rate, first time excellent rate and total excellent rate of CET-4 and CET-6 of international classes were significantly higher than those of regular classes. The result of post-graduate entrance examination in 2016 showed that the score, pass rate and acceptance rate of international classes of 2012 grade were significantly higher those of regular classes(P < 0.01).Conclusions: Teaching-in-English reform in Hainan Medical University has achieved initial success. Chinese students from international classes are superior to those from regular classes in many aspects. However, there are still many problems, and effective measures should be implemented to promote teaching quality continuously.

A Review of Development of Environmental Protection Information during the 12^(th) Five-Year Plan Period and Its Outlook

During the 12^(th)Five-Year Plan period,the environmental protection information work made remarkable achievements,and the construction of nationwide air quality monitoring network was completed; the trinitarian monitoring system was established,and environmental emergency command ability enhanced significantly. However,the issues of " information island" and " application silo" are still outstanding,and the application and promotion of new technologies make slow progress; the capacity of information system to support environmental protection business is insufficient,and there is no capacity for decision analysis. In the 13^(th)Five-Year Plan period,it is needed to strengthen the application and promotion of new technologies such as cloud computing,big data,Internet of Things,and spatial information,mainly construct and improve " Cloud Computing Based Environmental Protection( CCBEP) ", " big data platform of ecological environment",and then realize the core objective of improving environmental quality.

Monitoring and Assessment of Water Quality of Centralized Drinking Water Sources in Kaixian County during the " Twelfth Five-year Plan " Period

Based on the monitoring data of water quality of more than 40 centralized drinking water sources in 40 towns （townships or streets） of Kaixian County in the first and second half of each year during the ＂Twelfth Five-year Plan＂ period, the changing rules of the water quality were studied to provide scientific references for the improvement of drinking water safety of urban and rural residents and drinking water quality. The re- sults show that the water quality of centralized drinking water sources in Kaixian County improved year by year during the ＂Twelfth Five-year Plan＂ period, and most monitoring sites with water quality exceeding the standard are distributed in reservoirs. Total phosphorus, total nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand, and permanganate index exceeded the standard obviously. Main pollution sources are domestic pollution and non-point source pol- lution caused by excessive discharge of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollutants. To improve drinking water quality, it is suggested that some towns can get drinking water from other reservoirs, surface water or underground water with better quality instead of previous reservoirs with water quality exceeding the standard, and the control of non-point source pollution should be enhanced.

Economic development, energy demand, and carbon emission prospects ofChina's provinces during the 14th Five-Year Plan period: Application ofCMRCGE model

This study focuses on a national regional coordinated development strategy and adopts China Multi-Regional Computable General Equilibrium model to analyze the economic and social development, energy demand, and carbon emissions of the provinces during the 14th Five-Year Plan (FYP, 2021 2025) period based on the economic development and energy demand since the New Normal. The main conclusions are the following: 1) Under the guidance of the regional coordinated development strategy, 13 provinces/municipalities are expected to have a per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of more than US$15,000, and 16 provinces/municipalities will have a per capita GDP of US$10,000 15,000. All provincial economies are expected to achieve steady and rapid development by the end of the 14th FYP. 2) The total energy consumption of the provinces is expected to reach 5.45 Gtce (excluding Tibet) in 2025, and the average annual growth rate is approximately 1.5%. The growth of energy demand will remain in low speed. The key point of energy demand will gradually shift from the eastern to the middle area, while the proportion of energy use in the western provinces will remain stable, which is consistent with the economic development stage and regional coordinated development strategy. 3) The annual average carbon intensity (mainly considering carbon emissions from energy use) of the provinces will approximately with most provinces dropping by over 4.0%. The trend of a considerable decline in carbon intensity, as observed in recent years, is expected to continue.

China’s 13th and 14th Five-Year Plans:Review and Advice

The 13th Five-year Plan period ushered in a new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics.During this period,China’s economy transitioned from rapid to high-quality growth and weathered the storms of the trade war with the United States and the COVID-19 outbreak.Chinese policymakers embraced new development concepts,and fought to cut overcapacity and excess inventory,deleverage,lower costs,and bolster weak areas under the theme of supply-side structural reforms.In fighting the three tough battles of major risk prevention,targeted poverty reduction and pollution abatement,China has largely resolved myriad structural contradictions and maintained rapid domestic economic growth and stability.Most targets for the 13th Five-year Plan period have been achieved ahead of time or are near completion on time.Institutional sophistication has bolstered high-quality development.

Economists’Judgement on China’s Socio-Economic Development in the 14th Five-Year Plan Period

2020 is the final year of China’s 13th Five-Year Plan period and an intersection between the“two centennial goals.”It is also a vital year for drafting the 14th Five-year Plan and embarking on a new journey of socialist modernization.What socio-economic progress has China achieved during the 13th Five-Year Plan period and what are the opportunities,challenges and countermeasures for the 14th Five-Year Plan period?In May 2020,the China Economist conducted a questionnaire survey among economists.Results suggest that during the 13th Five-Year Plan period,China has achieved remarkable progress in the following areas:significant socio-economic development,deepening industry-ICT integration,and rapid growth of new economy;mass entrepreneurship and mass innovation,and enhanced R&D capabilities for cutting-edge technologies;green production and the abatement of air and water pollution;and poverty reduction.In the 14th Five-Year Plan period,opportunities co-exist with challenges for China’s socio-economic development,which brims with resiliency.Surveyed economists felt sanguine about China’s development outlook.Based on the results,surveyed economists believed that the Chinese government should focus on the following priorities during the 14th Five-Year Plan period:expediting industrial transition,strengthening the real economy,and exploring domestic consumption potentials;ramping up research in fundamental science,and accelerating the research of critical technologies;increasing equal access to basic public services;and promoting green development in all respects,including green consumption,production,distribution,innovation,and finance.

Study on Objectives and Strategies for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction in Transportation Industry during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period in Beijing

Facing increasing passenger and cargo transport demand and limited re-source in the 13th Five-Year period, how to make a breakthrough and substantial progress has become a key issue on planning and the Top-level Design. In this paper we judged and analyzed the current development and potential demand of the energy saving and emission reduction in Beijing traffic industry. Through application of energy and emission prediction model which based on the vehicle activity data, the development goals of “one drop, double control, and triple upgrade” have been put forward. In order to achieve the goal, “5 + 1” development strategies should be implemented, and we also proposed the thinking and recommendations on sustainable development of transportation.