Morphology development of elongated α phases in hot working of large-scale titanium alloy plate

The role of subtransus hot working on microstructure morphology of TA15 titanium alloy plate with elongatedαphases was studied by quantitative metallography on different sections. The results show that the microstructure morphology is mainly affected by loading direction. When the sample is compressed along normal direction, microstructure on the section vertical to normal direction has equiaxed primaryαphase but microstructure on the section vertical to rolling direction has strip primaryαphase with long axis along tangential direction. When the sample is compressed along rolling direction, microstructure on the section vertical to normal direction has strip primaryαphase elongated along tangential direction but microstructure on the section vertical to rolling direction consists of strip and irregular broad-band primaryαphase. The strip primaryαphase aspect ratio is smaller at lower temperature due to the dynamic break-down ofαphase. The difference on primaryαphase aspect ratio between different sections decreases after compression along distinct directions in two loading passes, suggesting the improvement of equiaxity of primaryαphase.

Effects of flat and elongated aggregates on the performance of porous asphalt mixture

Four fat and elongated(F&E)contents(0%,original,30%,and 40%)were investigated to evaluate the effects of F&Eparticles on the performance of porous asphalt mixture(P A).Laboratory tests including volumetric determination,two-dimensional image analysis,Cantabro loss tests,breakdown tests,and permeability tests were conducted to evaluate the volumetric properties,the state of stone-onstone contact,durability,skeleton stability and permeability of PA,respectively.The test results indicate that the F&E content was a significant factor for total air voids,aggregate skeleton break down,and permeability.The functionality,rutting resistance,long-term durability,and skeleton stability decrease with the increase of F&E content since F&E aggregates in porous asphalt mixtures have a tendency to breakdown.Compared with traditional dense graded mixtures,PA is more sensitive to the F&E content due to an open graded aggregate structure.Therefore,the stricter requiement for F&E content should be met for porous asphalt mixtures than the one for traditional deese graded mixture.

Muco-submucosal elongated polyps of the gastrointestinal tract:A case series and a review of the literature

We present three cases of gastrointestinal muco-submucosal elongated polyps,two located in the duodenum and one in the descending colon.All three cases had a characteristic,"worm-like" endoscopic appearance and were lined by unremarkable mucosa.The vascular component was located in the submucosa and was composed of a mixture of variably dilated blood vessels(capillaries and veins) and lymphatics.The duodenal polyps displayed lipomatous metaplasia of the submucosal stroma.The dual vascular phenotype of the vascular component was confirmed by immunohistochemistry with D2-40 and CD31.

The Character and Formation of Elongated Depressions on the Upper Bulgarian Slope

Seafloor elongated depressions are indicators of gas seepage or slope instability. Here we report a sequence of slopeparallel elongated depressions that link to headwalls of sediment slides on upper slope. The depressions of about 250 m in width and several kilometers in length are areas of focused gas discharge indicated by bubble-release into the water column and methane enriched pore waters. Sparker seismic profiles running perpendicular and parallel to the coast, show gas migration pathways and trapped gas underneath these depressions with bright spots and seismic blanking. The data indicate that upward gas migration is the initial reason for fracturing sedimentary layers. In the top sediment where two young stages of landslides can be detected, the slopeparallel sediment weakening lengthens and deepens the surficial fractures, creating the elongated depressions in the seafloor supported by sediment erosion due to slope-parallel water currents.

CLINICAL OBSERVATION ON THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME WITH DEEPLY PUNCTURED ELONGATED NEEDLE COMBINED WITH COMPREHENSIVE NURSING

Objective： To observe the therapeutic effect of deep puncture of Zusanli （足三里 ST 36） and Qihai （气海 CV 6） with elongated needle combined with comprehensive nursing in the treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome （CFS） so as to provide new way and effective method for CFS. Methods： A total of 100 cases of CFS patients were evenly randomized into treatment group and control group which were treated with elongated needle puncture of ST 36 and CV 6 plus nursing and oral ackninistration of Shiquan Dobu Tong （十全大补汤 Decoction of Ten Powerful Tonics） separately. Acupuncture and medication were given once daily, with 7 sessions being a therapeutic course, 4 courses altogether. Results： After 4 courses of treatment, of the two 50 cases in treatment and control groups, 4 （8.0%） and 2 （4.0%） were cured, 37 （74.0%） and 16 （32.0%） experienced marked im- provernent, 6 （ 12.0 % ） and 19 （38.0 % ） had improvement, 3 （6.0 % ） and 13 （26.0 % ） tailed, with the total effective rates being 94.0% （47/50） and 74.0% （37/50） respectively. The total effective rate and markedly effective rate of treatment group were significantly higher than those of control group （P〈0.05, 0.01）. Conclusion; Deep puncture of Zusenli （ST 36） and Qihai （CV 6） with elongated needle combined with comprehensive nursing has a definite therapeutic effect in the treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Experimental study of gas-water elongated bubble flow during production logging

In order to improve the interpretation of production log data on gas-water elongated bubble （EB） flow in horizontal wells, a multi-phase flow simulation device was set up to conduct a series of measurement experiments using air and tap water as test media, which were measured using a real production logging tool （PLT） string at different deviations and in different mixed flow states. By understanding the characteristics and mechanisms of gas-water EB flow in transparent experimental boreholes during production logging, combined with an analysis of the production log response characteristics and experimental production logging flow pattern maps, a method for flow pattern identification relying on log responses and a drift-flux model were proposed for gas-water EB flow. This model, built upon experimental data of EB flow, reveals physical mechanisms of gas-water EB flow during measurement processing. The coefficients it contains are the specific values under experimental conditions and with the PLT string used in our experiments. These coefficients also reveal the interference with original downhole flow patterns by the PLT string. Due to the representativeness that our simulated flow experiments and PLT string possess, the model coefficients can be applied as empirical values of logging interpretation model parameters directly to real production logging data interpretation, when the measurement circumstances and PLT strings are similar.

Generalized flyby trajectories around elongated minor celestial bodies as a rotating mass dipole

The aim of this paper is to understand the common characteristics of the generalized flyby trajectory around natural elongated bodies. Such flyby trajectories provide a short-term mechanism to clear away vicinal objects or temporally capture ejecta into circling orbits. The gravitational potential of elongated bodies is described by a unified approximate model, i.e., the rotating mass dipole which is two point masses connected with a constant massless rod The energy power is used to illustrate the flyby effect in terms of the instantaneous orbital energy. The essential of the single flyby trajectory is studied analytically, and the relationship between the flyby trajectory and its Jacobi integral is also illustrated. Sample trajectories are given to show the variational trend of the energy increment with respect to differen orbital periapsides. The distribution of natural ejecting orbits is presented by varying the parameters of the approximate model.

Generating Periodic Orbits for Explorations of Elongated Asteroids

A practical method is proposed to search for periodic orbits of elongated asteroids.The method obtains required initial variables of periodic orbits by using the rotating mass dipole with appropriate parameters,and then implement local iterations to obtain the real orbits over an asteroid in the polyhedral model.In this paper the dipole and polyhedral models,and list detailed procedures of the searching method are introduced.A planar single lobe orbit is presented to evaluate the effectiveness of the method,with the asteroid 216 Kleopatra of the triple asteroid system as a representative elongated body.By applying the above method,ten families of periodic orbits around Kleopatra are identified and discussed with respect to their orbital stabilities and periods.One sample of the sombrero orbit is checked by calculating 1000 hours to examine its orbital behavior.Besides the above orbits,the intriguing head-surrounding orbit is also analyzed.

ELONGATED-NEEDLE TREATMENT OF URINARY INCONTINENCE CAUSED BY APOPLEXY

In the present paper, the effect of deep insertion of elongated needle onto pelvic nerve(pelvic plexus) for treatment of 32 cases of urinary incontinence caused by apoplexy was observed andcompared to that of filiform needle group (25 cases). Results showed that the total effective rates ofthe elongated needle group and the filiform needle group were 96. 88 % and 68 % respectively, display-ing a significant difference (P【0.05) between the two groups. In addition, mechanisms of elongatedneedle in treatment of incontinence of urine were analyzed preliminarily.

TREATMENT OF 67 CASES OF GASTROPTOSIS WITH ELONGATED NEEDLE(芒针)

Sixty-seven patients with gastroptosis were treated by stimulating Guanmen (ST 22)and Taiyi (ST 23) acupoints with elongated needles, obtaining a satisfactory result. Of them, 52 caseswere cured, 7 cases markedly effective and 8 cases ineffective. The total effective rate was 88%.

CLINICAL OBSERVATION ON 540 CASES OF GASTROPTOSIS TREATED WITH ELONGATED NEEDLE

Point penetration method by elongated needle and lifting manipulation were adopted totreat gastroptosis, getting marked effect. In this series of 540 cases, the cure rate was 40. 7 % and thetotal effective rate was 90. 7 %. There was a close relationship between the therapeutic effect and thedegree of gastroptosis, the cure rate of I° gastroptosis was 77. 6%, while that of Ⅲ° gastroptosis wasonly 11. 8 %. There was a very significant difference between them(P < 0. 001 )

Incidental Finding of an Elongated Styloid Process during Tonsillectomy Procedure

Patients with recurrent throat pain, dysphagia, or facial pain symptoms might have Eagle’s syndrome due to abnormal length of the styloid process or calcification of stylohyoid ligament complex. In adults, the styloid process is approximately 2.5 cm long. The etiology of this disease is not well understood, and usually asymptomatic. In some cases, the styloid tip, which is located between the external and internal carotid arteries, compresses the perivascular sympathetic fibers, resulting in a persistent pain. The disease can be diagnosed by physical examination through digital palpation of the styloid process in the tonsillar fossa or by radiographic workup that includes anterior-posterior and lateral skull films. We report a 33-year-old woman with an incidental finding of an elongated styloid process during a routine tonsillectomy procedure.

TREATMENT OF 18 CASES OF TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA WITH ELONGATED NEEDLE

In this paper, a total of 18 cases of primary trigeminal neuralgia were treated with elongated needle. Of the 18 cases, 5 were male and 15 female, ranging in age from 27 to 58 years and in disease duration from 3 days to 8 years. Main acupoints used were Taiyang (EX-HN 5) to Xiaguan (ST 7, for penetration needling), Xiajiache, Fengchi (GB 20), Yanglingquan (GB 34) and Taichong (LR 3). The treatment was given once daily, with 12 sessions being a therapeutic course. After 2 courses of treatment, of the 18 cases, 10 cases were cured, 7 experienced improvement in pain and one failed in the treatment, with an effective rate of 94.4%. The key point for treating trigeminal neuralgia is applying penetrative needling from EX-HN 5 to ST 7 to achieve ideal needling sensations.

EXAMPLES OF CLINICAL APPLICATION OF ACUPUNCTURE OF ZHONGWAN(CV12) WITH ELONGATED NEEDLE

In the present paper, the authors in troduce Professor YAN Li’s experie nce on clinical application of elongated needle for the treatment of gastralgia, migraine and hysteria by acupuncture of Zhongwan (中脘 CV 12). In addition, the y also introduce its operation methods and some points for attention. During ope ration of the elongated needle, the operator should manipulate it gently, avoidi ng rude insertion and rash withdrawal; rather, utilize the elasticity of the steel wire to press the needle downward slowly, and cause the favorable needlin g sensations to spread slowly downward to the affected region along with the mov ement of the needle body.

Eagle’s Syndrome: A Case Report of a Bilateral Elongated Styloid Process

Eagle’s syndrome is symptomatic of the styloid process (SP) elongation or calcification of the stylohyoid and stylomandibular ligaments. As a result of Eagle’s various studies, 4 out of every 100 patients showed that the styloid process was long. However only 4% of these cases are symptomatic [1]. Surgical traumas such as tonsillectomy or stylomandibular chronic irritation of the ligament, proc. of styloideusosteitis, ossifying periosteitis, tendinitis or mucositis why could it be [2]. The main symptoms are facial pain, dysphagia, sore throat, earache and headache. It may be unilateral or bilateral. The styloid process can be shortened through an intraoral or external approach. The case of Eagle syndrome in a 39-year-old female patient who was diagnosed to have bilateral elongated.

Screening for Rice Germplasms with Specially-Elongated Mesocotyl

The lengths of mesocotyl in the seedlings of 84 lowland rice varieties and 12 upland rice varieties were measured following the treatments of daylight and darkness during germination. The elongation of mesocotyl in the varieties tested was inhibited under daylight condition, and the mesocotyl of all the varieties elongated variably under darkness condition. The elongated lengths of the mesocotyl in upland rice, ranging from 0.36 cm to 1,61 cm with an average of 0.81 cm, was obviously longer than those in lowland rice, ranging from 0.12 cm to 1.56 cm with an average of 0.42 cm. Among 14 rice varieties with over 1 cm of mesocotyl length, five belonged to upland rice, and nine to lowland rice. The possible utilization of the elongated-mesocotyl rice germplasm in varietal imorovement, direct-seeded plantina and seed ouritv testina were discussed.

An Experimental Investigation on the Confined and Elongated Bubbles in Subcooled Flow Boiling in a Single Microchannel

The characteristics of the confined bubble and elongated bubble in subcooled flow boiling in a single horizontal rectangular microchannel with hydraulic diameter Dh=1mm are studied experimentally. The channel with 1 ×1mm cross section is fabricated in a thin copper plate whose confinement number is Co=2.8 and the degassed deionized water is used as the working fluid. Visualization on the confined and elongated bubbles inside the microchannel is carded out by employing a high-speed CCD camera with a rnicrolens. The recorded images are carefully analyzed to illustrate the behaviors of the confinement and elongation processes of the bubble. The boiling number is used as an adjustable parameter to regulate the operating conditions which is eventually found to take a vital role in the bubble elongation process. Two formation patterns of the confined and elongated bubble are identified and the interactions between the neighboring confined and elongated bubbles are elucidated.

Evaporating Momentum Force and Shear Force on Meniscuses of Elongated Bubble in Microchannel Flow Boiling

The evaporating momentum force and the shear force acting on the meniscus of an evaporating and elongating bubble in flow boiling in microchannel have been investigated theoretically and numerically.The concept of the effective evaporation region and the theory of the liquid layer supplement between elongated bubble and microchannel are proposed,and the analytical expressions of the evaporating momentum force and shear force have been obtained.The relative importance of both forces has been determined by the method of magnitude analysis and numerical simulation.It has been found that the evaporating momentum force can always be neglected in analyzing the bubble elongation process and the motion law of meniscus of elongated bubble in microchannel flow boiling,but whether the shear force should be considered or not is determined by its relative order of magnitude and the particular conditions such as channel dimension and the operating conditions.

Treatment of 41 Cases of Prostate Hyperplasia by Elongated Needle

Summary ： To observe the therapeutic effect of acupuncture plus medicament in the treatment of prostatic hyperplasia, Zhibian （BL 54） and Zhongji （CV 3） were deeply punctured with elongated needles and enema was applied with self-prepared medicinal herbs. Then Qugu （CV2）, Zhongliao（BL 33） and Xialiao（BL 34） were selected and connected with a herbal Ion Introduction Apparatus. The total effective rate was 92.4% in 41 cases. Elongated needle and herbal ion introduction can relieve the clinical symptoms of prostatic hyperplasia and improve the patients＇ life quality.

High toughness alumina ceramics with elongated grains developed from seeds

In the present paper, the influence of α-AI_2Ol_3 seeds and sinteringmethods on elongated grain growth and fracture toughness is investigated. The preparation of aluminaceramics started with commercial aluminum hydroxide. Abrasives were introduced to the startingmaterials by wet-grinding of high-purity alumina milling balls. Abrasives, playing the role ofseeds, lowered the transformation temperature of aluminum hydroxide to alumina. Microstructures withelongated grains were developed by hot-pressing for the above calcined powders containingα-AI_2O_3 seeds, and alumina grain shapes changed with the amount of seeds introduced. However,only equiaxed grains were observed for the samples pressureless sintered. Fracture toughness of thealumina ceramics was dramatically improved by elongated grains. For the sample hot-pressed at 1600℃for 2 h under 40 MPa pressure, fracture toughness reached 7.1 MPa·m^(1/2), which is much higherthan that of normal alumina ceramics without elongated grains. In addition, high flexural strengthof 630 MPa for the hot-pressed samples was also obtained.