Strigolactones modulate cotton fiber elongation and secondary cell wall thickening

Cotton is one of the most important economic crops in the world,and it is a major source of fiber in the textile industry.Strigolactones(SLs)are a class of carotenoid-derived plant hormones involved in many processes of plant growth and development,although the functions of SL in fiber development remain largely unknown.Here,we found that the endogenous SLs were significantly higher in fibers at 20 days post-anthesis(DPA).Exogenous SLs significantly increased fiber length and cell wall thickness.Furthermore,we cloned three key SL biosynthetic genes,namely GhD27,GhMAX3,and GhMAX4,which were highly expressed in fibers,and subcellular localization analyses revealed that GhD27,GhMAX3,and GhMAX4 were localized in the chloroplast.The exogenous expression of GhD27,GhMAX3,and GhMAX4 complemented the physiological phenotypes of d27,max3,and max4 mutations in Arabidopsis,respectively.Knockdown of GhD27,GhMAX3,and GhMAX4 in cotton resulted in increased numbers of axillary buds and leaves,reduced fiber length,and significantly reduced fiber thickness.These findings revealed that SLs participate in plant growth,fiber elongation,and secondary cell wall formation in cotton.These results provide new and effective genetic resources for improving cotton fiber yield and plant architecture.

Chemokine platelet factor 4 accelerates peripheral nerve regeneration by regulating Schwann cell activation and axon elongation

Schwann cells in peripheral nerves react to traumatic nerve injury by attempting to grow and regenerate.Howeve r,it is unclear what factors play a role in this process.In this study,we searched a GEO database and found that expression of platelet factor 4 was markedly up-regulated after sciatic nerve injury.Platelet factor is an important molecule in cell apoptosis,diffe rentiation,survival,and proliferation.Further,polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical staining confirmed the change in platelet factor 4 in the sciatic nerve at different time points after injury.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed that platelet factor 4 was secreted by Schwann cells.We also found that silencing platelet factor 4 decreased the proliferation and migration of primary cultured Schwann cells,while exogenously applied platelet factor 4 stimulated Schwann cell prolife ration and migration and neuronal axon growth.Furthermore,knocking out platelet factor 4 inhibited the prolife ration of Schwann cells in injured rat sciatic nerve.These findings suggest that Schwann cell-secreted platelet factor 4 may facilitate peripheral nerve repair and regeneration by regulating Schwann cell activation and axon growth.Thus,platelet factor 4 may be a potential therapeutic target for traumatic peripheral nerve injury.

The bHLH transcription factor CsPIF4 positively regulates high temperature-induced hypocotyl elongation in cucumber

High temperature-induced hypocotyl elongation is a typical thermomorphogenesis trait that may significantly affect early seedling growth and subsequent crop yield.The ambient temperature and endogenous auxin are two critical factors that regulate hypocotyl growth.However,the mechanism of temperature and auxin integration in horticultural plants remains poorly understood.In this study,the roles of the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor CsPIF4 in regulating auxin biosynthesis genes and the auxin content in the hypocotyl of cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)seedlings under high temperature were investigated.qRT-PCR and in situ hybridization analysis revealed that expression of CsPIF4 was enhanced in the epidermis and vascular bundles in the hypocotyl of cucumber seedlings in response to high temperature.qRT-PCR and HPLC analysis showed that CsPIF4 positively regulated transcription of the auxin biosynthesis gene CsYUC8 and the auxin content in the hypocotyl under high temperature(35℃).The CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of CsPIF4 resulted in a shorter hypocotyl compared with that of the wild type,together with decreased expression of CsYUC8 and lower auxin content in response to high temperature.Furthermore,biochemical assays showed that CsPIF4 could bind directly to the G-box motif of the CsYUC8 promoter and thereby activate CsYUC8 expression.These findings provide insight into the molecular mechanism of high temperature-mediated hypocotyl elongation in cucumber.

Chain Elongation Using Native Soil Inocula:Exceptional n-Caproate Biosynthesis Performance and Microbial Mechanisms

This study demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of utilizing native soils as a resource for inocula to produce n-caproate through the chain elongation(CE)platform,offering new insights into anaerobic soil processes.The results reveal that all five of the tested soil types exhibit CE activity when supplied with high concentrations of ethanol and acetate,highlighting the suitability of soil as an ideal source for n-caproate production.Compared with anaerobic sludge and pit mud,the native soil CE system exhibited higher selectivity(60.53%),specificity(82.32%),carbon distribution(60.00%),electron transfer efficiency(165.00%),and conductivity(0.59 ms∙cm^(-1)).Kinetic analysis further confirmed the superiority of soil in terms of a shorter lag time and higher yield.A microbial community analysis indicated a positive correlation between the relative abundances of Pseudomonas,Azotobacter,and Clostridium and n-caproate production.Moreover,metagenomics analysis revealed a higher abundance of functional genes in key microbial species,providing direct insights into the pathways involved in n-caproate formation,including in situ CO_(2)utilization,ethanol oxidation,fatty acid biosynthesis(FAB),and reverse beta-oxidation(RBO).The numerous functions in FAB and RBO are primarily associated with Pseudomonas,Clostridium,Rhodococcus,Stenotrophomonas,and Geobacter,suggesting that these genera may play roles that are involved or associated with the CE process.Overall,this innovative inoculation strategy offers an efficient microbial source for n-caproate production,underscoring the importance of considering CE activity in anaerobic soil microbial ecology and holding potential for significant economic and environmental benefits through soil consortia exploration.

Lateral root elongation in maize is related to auxin synthesis and transportation mediated by N metabolism under a mixed NO_(3)^(–) and NH_(4)^(+) supply

A mixed nitrate (NO_(3)^(–)) and ammonium (NH_(4)^(+)) supply can promote root growth in maize (Zea mays),however,the changes in root morphology and the related physiological mechanism under different N forms are still unclear.Here,maize seedlings were grown hydroponically with three N supplied in three different forms (NO_(3)^(–)only,75/25 NO_(3)^(–)/NH_(4)^(+)and NH_(4)^(+)only).Compared with sole NO_(3)^(–)or NH_(4)^(+),the mixed N supply increased the total root length of maize but did not affect the number of axial roots.The main reason was the increased total lateral root length,while the average lateral root (LR) length in each axle was only slightly increased.In addition,the average LR density of 2nd whorl crown root under mixed N was also increased.Compared with sole nitrate,mixed N could improve the N metabolism of roots (such as the N influx rate,nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthase (GS)enzyme activities and total amino content of the roots).Experiments with exogenously added NR and GS inhibitors suggested that the increase in the average LR length under mixed N was related to the process of N assimilation,and whether the NR mediated NO synthesis participates in this process needs further exploration.Meanwhile,an investigation of the changes in root-shoot ratio and carbon (C) concentration showed that C transportation from shoots to roots may not be the key factor in mediating lateral root elongation,and the changes in the sugar concentration in roots further proved this conclusion.Furthermore,the synthesis and transportation of auxin in axial roots may play a key role in lateral root elongation,in which the expression of ZmPIN1B and ZmPIN9 may be involved in this pathway.This study preliminarily clarified the changes in root morphology and explored the possible physiological mechanism under a mixed N supply in maize,which may provide some theoretical basis for the cultivation of crop varieties with high N efficiency.

输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管上段复杂性结石后双J管附壁结石形成的原因分析

目的:分析输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管上段复杂性结石后双J管附壁结石形成的原因。方法:选择2015年1月至2023年8月于首都医科大学附属北京潞河医院收治的105例输尿管上段复杂性结石患者,其中男58例,女47例,根据结石评估结果分为结石组(n=40)与非结石组(n=65)。通过随机森林算法分析患者双J管附壁结石形成的影响因素。通过单因素和多因素分析双J管附壁结石形成的独立影响因素,并构建分类树模型。结果:结石组和非结石组CT值、术中出血量、双J管留置时间、白细胞计数(WBC)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、尿酸(UA)、血钙、尿pH值、尿蛋白、尿红细胞、尿白细胞、尿结晶比较差异均有统计学意义(t/χ^(2)值分别为4.361、2.502、6.815、12.176、24.398、15.595、6.517、2.069、6.881、4.524、3.883、4.699,均P<0.05)。双J管留置时间、尿蛋白阳性、尿结晶阳性、UA为双J管附壁结石形成的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。分类树模型显示,双J管留置时间是双J管附壁结石形成的重要预测因素,收益图和索引图显示模型预测良好。结论:双J管留置时间、尿蛋白阳性、尿结晶阳性、UA为双J管附壁结石形成的独立危险因素。临床应重点关注相关因素,及时制定预防策略,以期降低双J管附壁结石的发生风险。

J型针刀联合青藤碱治疗骶髂关节炎的临床疗效观察

目的探究J型针刀联合青藤碱治疗骶髂关节炎患者的临床疗效。方法将医院2022年5月至2023年12月收治的40例骶髂关节炎患者按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各20例。观察组采用J型针刀联合青藤碱治疗,对照组给予双氯芬酸钠片治疗,两组均连续治疗16 d。比较两组临床疗效、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)、巴氏强直性脊柱炎功能指数(BASFI)评分、症状积分及不良反应发生情况。结果观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后两组VAS、ODI、BASFI评分均低于治疗前(P<0.05),但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后两组症状积分均低于治疗前(P<0.05),且观察组关节活动障碍度、晨僵及症状总积分均低于对照组(P<0.05);两组均未见严重不良反应。结论J型针刀联合青藤碱和口服双氯芬酸钠片均对骶髂关节炎治疗有效,J型针刀联合青藤碱治疗效果更佳,在改善关节活动度、提高患者生活质量方面更具有优势。

吴氏理筋手法结合J型针刀治疗术后肘关节僵硬的临床研究

目的 探讨吴氏理筋手法结合J型针刀治疗术后肘关节僵硬的临床应用价值。方法 选取江西省南昌市洪都中医院康复科2020年6月—2021年6月收治的60例术后肘关节僵硬患者,以单盲随机法分为对照组(关节松动术)与治疗组(吴氏理筋手法结合J型针刀),各30例。治疗4周后,比较两组Mayo肘关节功能评分(MEPS)与视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分,同时对疗效开展评估。结果 治疗后,与对照组相比,治疗组MEPS评分较高,而VAS评分较低(P<0.05);且治疗组总有效率为100.00%(30/30),明显高于对照组的83.33%(25/30)(P<0.05)。结论 吴氏理筋手法结合J型针刀治疗术后肘关节僵硬患者,能实现肘关节功能的恢复,并减轻患者疼痛,效果确切,具有较高的推广价值。

基于正交切削逆识别井下管柱的Johnson-Cook本构模型

在有限元仿真金属切削过程中,本构模型是仿真的基础,目前井下生产管柱J55油管材料的本构模型参数尚不明确,为此,提出一种基于正交切削理论逆识别油管材料Johnson-Cook(J-C)本构模型参数的方法。首先,通过准静态拉伸试验得到油管材料的应力-应变曲线,根据曲线拟合确定J55油管的初始屈服强度A、应变硬化系数B和应变硬化因子n;其次,通过正交切削试验获得切削力以及进给力,根据正交切削试验和平行剪切区模型,计算正交切削过程主剪切区中的流动应力、应变、应变率以及切削温度,并将这些参数与计算出的A、B、n代入J-C模型中,得到多组应变率敏感性参数C以及热软化效应参数m,从而确定其约束范围;第三,采用自适应权重粒子群算法在约束范围中搜索出参数C和m的最优值,进而确定J55油管材料本构模型参数;最后,使用逆识别法得出的J-C本构模型进行有限元仿真,将仿真结果与试验结果进行了对比。研究结果表明:与试验相比,有限元仿真的切削力和进给力最大相对误差分别为14.4%和13.64%,有限元仿真模拟温度与实际测量温度的最大相对误差为10.57%,仿真模型和实际切削过程在切屑形态上表现出了一致规律,验证了逆识别方法可行性和本构模型的可靠性。

耳穴揿针联合坦索罗辛对输尿管镜碎石术后留置双J管患者USSQ评分及满意度的影响

目的:观察耳穴揿针联合坦索罗辛对输尿管镜碎石术后留置双J管患者输尿管支架相关症状调查问卷(USSQ)评分及满意度的影响。方法:选取74例输尿管镜碎石术后留置双J管患者为观察对象,按随机数字表法分为观察组及对照组各37例。观察组给予常规护理、口服坦索罗联合耳穴揿针治疗,对照组给予常规护理、口服坦索罗联合耳穴压豆治疗。疗程均为6 d,比较2组治疗后USSQ评分及治疗满意度。结果:治疗前,2组USSQ评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗6 d后,2组USSQ评分均较治疗前及治疗3 d下降(P<0.05),并呈明显下降趋势(P<0.05);且观察组相同时间点USSQ评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗结束后,观察组满意度为97.30%,对照组为83.78%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:耳穴揿针联合坦索罗辛可有效改善输尿管镜碎石术后留置双J管患者相关症状和生活质量,提高其治疗满意度。

基于PACAP-cAMP-PKA信号通路探讨J型针刀调节神经源性膀胱逼尿肌的效应机制

目的:探讨J型针刀通过PACAP-cAMP-PKA信号通路改善脊髓损伤后神经源性膀胱大鼠逼尿肌的作用机制。方法:36只SD雄性大鼠随机分为6组:空白组、假手术组、模型组、J型针刀治疗组、治疗+Bupivacaine抑制剂组、治疗+H-89抑制剂组,各6只。采用脊髓横断法制作神经源性膀胱模型。空白组为正常SD大鼠;假手术组为切开相关部位组织,无脊髓切断;其余4组予以手术脊髓切断造模。J型针刀治疗组造模后第19天予J型针刀针刺大鼠次髎穴,2 d 1次,共治疗7次。干预结束后各组行HE染色观察膀胱逼尿肌组织形态变化,Elisa检测膀胱逼尿肌组织中c AMP、PKA含量,免疫组化检测膀胱逼尿肌组织中PACAP38蛋白表达,Western blot检测膀胱逼尿肌组织中PKA、p-MLC蛋白表达。结果:HE染色结果显示,与空白组相比,模型组中膀胱逼尿肌组织严重坏死,可见大量炎症细胞浸润;与模型组相比,J型针刀治疗组、治疗+Bupivacaine抑制剂组及治疗+H-89抑制剂组均有不同程度坏死组织修复情况。免疫组化检测PACAP38蛋白表达在模型组中表达量最低,针刀治疗之后,PACAP38表达量均不同程度上调;与J型针刀治疗组相比,治疗+Bupivacaine抑制剂组及治疗+H-89抑制剂组PACAP38蛋白表达均不同程度下调(P<0.05),但高于模型组(P<0.05)。Elisa检测结果显示,cAMP、PKA表达量模型组显著下调(P<0.05),J型针刀治疗组与模型组比显著上调(P<0.05),治疗+Bupivacaine抑制剂组及治疗+H-89抑制剂组比无显著差异(P>0.05)。WB结果显示:与空白组相比,模型组PKA、p-MLC蛋白表达上调;针刀治疗组表达量下调,其中PKA蛋白表达有显著性(P<0.05),p-MLC蛋白表达无显著性(P>0.05)。与J型针刀治疗组比,PKA蛋白表达量在治疗+Bupivacaine抑制剂组及治疗+H-89抑制剂组中无显著差异(P>0.05),p-MLC蛋白表达量显著下降(P<0.05)。结论:J型针刀针刺次髎穴可改善脊髓损伤后神经源性膀胱大鼠膀胱功能,其机制与J型针刀上调膀胱逼尿肌中PACAP38、cAMP、PKA表达,激活PACAP-cAMP-PKA信号通路,从而促进逼尿肌舒张有关。

多周期动态循环应力下的J-A-N力磁耦合机理模型

目前的力磁耦合J-A模型未考虑钉扎场的畴壁厚度与多周期动态循环应力的影响,导致J-A模型的应力磁化数值偏大,不能准确描述早期疲劳损伤。为此,基于畴壁理论和Burgers位错理论,引入畴壁厚度因子,改进J-A模型的钉扎场方程,进一步考虑循环载荷的应力幅、循环周次N等因素,建立了多周期动态循环应力下的J-A-N力磁耦合机理模型。获得了不同动态循环的应力幅值σa与平均应力σm下的磁化规律:相同循环周次下,σa主要影响应力磁化率,σm主要影响应力饱和磁化大小;σm相同时,随着σa的增大,达到应力饱和状态的速度升高;σa相同时,随着σm的增大,应力饱和磁化强度逐渐减小。为验证J-A-N模型有效性,对45钢三点弯曲试件进行了多周期动态循环应力下的磁场信号检测实验,实验结果与模型结果一致。

焊前热处理对J55钢自动TIG焊接头组织性能的影响

目的针对J55钢焊接性较差、接头热影响区(HAZ)易出现脆硬马氏体组织等问题,在焊前对J55钢母材进行热处理,研究其焊接接头。方法在焊前对J55钢母材进行了760℃与880℃的热处理,采用TIG焊方法进行了焊接,研究了热处理前后TIG焊对接头显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果经焊前760℃热处理后,母材中的珠光体(P)含量显著减少并且发生细化,焊后接头HAZ组织转变为晶界铁素体(GBF)、针状铁素体(AF)和P;经焊前880℃热处理后,母材的显微组织主要为多边形铁素体(PF)和AF,在焊后接头的HAZ中形成了PF、贝氏体(B)和M-A组元。2种热处理接头焊缝区(WZ)的盖面层组织为GBF和AF,靠近和远离盖面层的打底层组织主要为PF和P;未热处理接头HAZ组织为PF、B和马氏体(M)。与2种热处理接头相比,未热处理接头的显微硬度居中,抗拉强度最高,延伸率最低,拉伸断裂位于熔合线与HAZ之间,断口呈脆性断裂特征。与760℃热处理相比,经880℃热处理的焊接接头HAZ显微硬度最高值达523HV,为760℃热处理的2.2倍,接头抗拉强度提高了2.2%,但延伸率降低了7.6%。2种热处理接头拉伸后均断裂在母材,断口均呈韧性断裂特征。结论先在焊前对J55钢母材进行热处理再采用TIG焊进行焊接,可获得力学性能优异的焊接接头,在焊前760℃热处理的条件下,得到的接头力学性能最优。

数智赋能公立医院经济合同全生命周期管理研究——以J医院为例

在国家支持和推动公立医院加强管理信息化建设和智慧医院建设的背景下,医院运用信息化技术促进智慧医院及内部管理建设是符合政策之举。J医院于2023年开始建设经济合同数智化管理系统,并沿着“数字化、流程化、网络化、智能化”的建设思路,通过梳理医院存在的经济合同管理风险,对风险关键节点和数智管理的路径进行探究,实现了合同文本标准化、审核流程规范化、合同签名数字化、风险预警智能化、审核操作移动化等的合同管理效果,有效提升了医院经济合同管理质效。为其他公立医院经济合同借助信息化手段进行数智化管理建设提供有益参考和借鉴。

基于Neo4j的知识产权课程图谱构建研究

为使知识产权课程顺应创新驱动环境下数字人文技术的发展,文章分析了知识产权领域内课程资源间的关系,并将本体模型、Neo4j图数据库技术与知识产权课程资源相融合,建立起知识产权课程资源知识图谱的设计流程和构建方案。实证表明,知识图谱和本体模型构建既有利于分析课程资源之间的关系,也有利于建立授课教师及教育机构间的关联。

基于J2EE的企业信息管理系统的构建——以鞋服企业为例

对于鞋服企业而言,信息管理系统的构建是打破数据孤岛,为鞋服产品构建起数字营销一体化的重要举措。本文分析了鞋服企业信息管理系统构建的目的和意义,探讨其设计原则,并分析基于J2EE设计模式的鞋服企业信息管理系统构建的层次结构设计及基本模块,希望能够为鞋服企业的信息管理系统构建提供参考。

基于J2EE的钒钛文化知识库管理平台建设研究

为了更好地管理钒钛文化知识,发挥在钒钛开发过程中形成的数据的价值,结合IDEA集成开发环境,基于Spring Boot、MySQL、MyBatis Plus、Redis、Vue等技术框架,设计开发钒钛文化知识库管理平台,从架构上保证了系统的高内聚、低耦合,使系统具有良好的操作性、维护性和扩展性。平台基于B/S架构,用户通过浏览器接入,可以方便地管理和查阅知识资源。结果表明:钒钛文化知识库管理平台能有效地管理钒钛文化知识资源,提高知识共享和协作效率,利于知识的沉淀和传承。

浅析海洋油气工程标准化建设引起的成本J曲线效应

结合国内海洋油气工程建设现状,简述工程建设标准化工作思路,分析海洋油气工程建设的各成本要素随标准化建设而发生的变化,发现工程标准化建设将造成工程成本出现先升后降的趋势,存在显著的“J曲线效应”,并通过实际案例进行说明,本文为推动国内海洋油气工程建设的高质量发展提供借鉴。

汽油机EGR用超纯铁素体J444E不锈钢高温性能研究

根据汽油机EGR冷却器工况特性和对材料的要求,开发出适应复杂环境下性能优良、成本低廉的超纯铁素体不锈钢材料J444E钢。通过对200~630℃、900~1050℃中高温力学性能及900~1050℃不同温度下100~500 h不同时间及900℃钎焊前后高温氧化性能和氧化层的试验研究和分析,表明该材料在工况环境下具有良好的力学和抗氧化性能。

A homeodomain-leucine zipper I transcription factor, MeHDZ14,regulates internode elongation and leaf rolling in cassava(Manihot esculenta Crantz)

Drought stress impairs plant growth and other physiological functions. MeHDZ14, a homeodomainleucine zipper I transcription factor, is strongly induced by drought stress in various cassava cultivars.However, the role of MeHDZ14 in cassava growth regulation has remained unclear. Here we report that MeHDZ14 affected plant height, such that a dwarf phenotype and altered internode elongation were observed in transgenic cassava lines. MeHDZ14 was found to negatively regulate the biosynthesis of lignin. Its overexpression resulted in abaxially rolled leaves. The morphogenesis of leaf epidermal cells was inhibited by overexpression of MeHDZ14, with decreased auxin and gibberellin and increased cytokinin contents. MeHDZ14 was found to regulate many drought-responsive genes, including genes involved in cell wall synthesis and expansion. MeHDZ14 bound to the promoter of caffeic acid 3-Omethyltransferase 1(MeCOMT1), acting as a transcriptional repressor of genes involved in cell wall development. MeHDZ14 appears to act as a negative regulator of internode elongation and epidermal cell morphogenesis during cassava leaf development.