Aim: To compare empathic levels among dental students of five Dental Faculties in Chile. Material and Methods: Empathic orientation of dental students was measured using the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy, the S...Aim: To compare empathic levels among dental students of five Dental Faculties in Chile. Material and Methods: Empathic orientation of dental students was measured using the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy, the Spanish version for students (S version), validated in Chile and culturally adapted to dental students. The data were compared using analysis of variance trifactorial (model III) and by a discriminant analysis. Results: It was found that differences exist between universities empathic orientation, courses, and gender. Conclusions: The results showed a great variability of empathetic guidance values on the factors studied. Discriminant test confirm the similarity and differences found among faculties from the data matrix provided by the scale used. It is not possible in this investigation to explain the variability found.展开更多
Concerns about the effects of social media or social networking site (SNS) use on prosocial development are increasing. The aim of the current study is to meta-analytically summarize the research to date (k = 5) about...Concerns about the effects of social media or social networking site (SNS) use on prosocial development are increasing. The aim of the current study is to meta-analytically summarize the research to date (k = 5) about the relationship between general SNS use and two components of empathy (i.e., empathic concern and perspective-taking). Random effects meta-analyses showed that SNS use was significantly and positively related to affective empathy though only marginally related to cognitive empathy. These effects were generally small in size and do not establish causality. Future research should explore how specific behaviors are related to different forms of empathy.展开更多
Objective:The purpose of the current study was to determine the effects of psycho-scene drama on the empathic ability of patients with chronic schizophrenia.Methods:One hundred sixteen in-patients with chronic schizop...Objective:The purpose of the current study was to determine the effects of psycho-scene drama on the empathic ability of patients with chronic schizophrenia.Methods:One hundred sixteen in-patients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly di-vided into study and control groups(n=58 cases each).The original anti-psychotic drugs were not changed in either group.In the study group,the therapy was combined with psychological scene drama with a treatment course of 3 months.Before and after treatment,the interpersonal reaction index scale(Chinese version[IRI-C]),negative syndrome scale(SANS),social function assessment scale for patients with mental diseases(SSPI),Rosenberg self-esteem scale(SES),the emotional-social loneliness inventory(ESLI),and the Texas social behavior inventory(TSBI)were utilized for measurements.Results:A comparison of the IRI-C total,PT,FS,and EC factor scores before and after treatment in the study group was significantly different(P<0.01);the PD factor score before and after treatment was not statistically significant(P>0.05).A comparison of the IRI-C total score and each factor score before and after treatment in the control group was not significantly different(P>0.05).A comparison of the IRI-C total,PT,and EC factor scores between the study and control groups after treatment was significantly different(P<0.05).A comparison of the FS factor score between the study and control groups before and after treatment was significantly different(P<0.01);the PD factor score was not significantly different(P>0.05).A comparison of the SANS total,SSPI total,SES total,and ESLI total scores between the two groups after treatment was significantly different(P<0.05).Conclusion:The psycho-scene drama can improve the empathic ability of patients with chronic schizophrenia,improve the negative symptoms and social function,increase the self-esteem and self-confidence,and reduce the loneliness in social interactions.展开更多
This paper acknowledges the contemporary neoliberal mode of operation of Smart Cities.The pitfalls of Smart Cities concerning its propensity towards techno-centric and efficiency-focused governance are identified,with...This paper acknowledges the contemporary neoliberal mode of operation of Smart Cities.The pitfalls of Smart Cities concerning its propensity towards techno-centric and efficiency-focused governance are identified,with diminutive emphasis on social equity and human-centric urban growth.Thus,the paper elaborates upon an alternative mode of person-environment-interaction based approach towards placemaking:Empathic Cities.This approach implies embracing a shift from efficiency to sufficiency and wellbeing embedded regenerative perspective for conceiving the built environment.First,the variable dimensions of urban growth and governance,which gave rise to the smart city,are contextualized.The embedded neoliberal operational agenda of smart cities are established.On this basis,the underpinnings of an empathic city are established by acknowledging the shift from technocentric to human-centric and from product-based to context-based smart city and wellbeing perspectives.Strategies toward urban development are proposed,such as embracing a regenerative perspective wherein the city and its constituents need to be understood as interdependent systemic elements while embracing a human-centric and ethical approach.Additionally,a transition from efficiency to sufficiency-oriented practices and a shift towards inclusive modes of participatory governance are proposed as fundamental principles for an empathic future of the built environment.展开更多
文摘Aim: To compare empathic levels among dental students of five Dental Faculties in Chile. Material and Methods: Empathic orientation of dental students was measured using the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy, the Spanish version for students (S version), validated in Chile and culturally adapted to dental students. The data were compared using analysis of variance trifactorial (model III) and by a discriminant analysis. Results: It was found that differences exist between universities empathic orientation, courses, and gender. Conclusions: The results showed a great variability of empathetic guidance values on the factors studied. Discriminant test confirm the similarity and differences found among faculties from the data matrix provided by the scale used. It is not possible in this investigation to explain the variability found.
文摘Concerns about the effects of social media or social networking site (SNS) use on prosocial development are increasing. The aim of the current study is to meta-analytically summarize the research to date (k = 5) about the relationship between general SNS use and two components of empathy (i.e., empathic concern and perspective-taking). Random effects meta-analyses showed that SNS use was significantly and positively related to affective empathy though only marginally related to cognitive empathy. These effects were generally small in size and do not establish causality. Future research should explore how specific behaviors are related to different forms of empathy.
文摘Objective:The purpose of the current study was to determine the effects of psycho-scene drama on the empathic ability of patients with chronic schizophrenia.Methods:One hundred sixteen in-patients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly di-vided into study and control groups(n=58 cases each).The original anti-psychotic drugs were not changed in either group.In the study group,the therapy was combined with psychological scene drama with a treatment course of 3 months.Before and after treatment,the interpersonal reaction index scale(Chinese version[IRI-C]),negative syndrome scale(SANS),social function assessment scale for patients with mental diseases(SSPI),Rosenberg self-esteem scale(SES),the emotional-social loneliness inventory(ESLI),and the Texas social behavior inventory(TSBI)were utilized for measurements.Results:A comparison of the IRI-C total,PT,FS,and EC factor scores before and after treatment in the study group was significantly different(P<0.01);the PD factor score before and after treatment was not statistically significant(P>0.05).A comparison of the IRI-C total score and each factor score before and after treatment in the control group was not significantly different(P>0.05).A comparison of the IRI-C total,PT,and EC factor scores between the study and control groups after treatment was significantly different(P<0.05).A comparison of the FS factor score between the study and control groups before and after treatment was significantly different(P<0.01);the PD factor score was not significantly different(P>0.05).A comparison of the SANS total,SSPI total,SES total,and ESLI total scores between the two groups after treatment was significantly different(P<0.05).Conclusion:The psycho-scene drama can improve the empathic ability of patients with chronic schizophrenia,improve the negative symptoms and social function,increase the self-esteem and self-confidence,and reduce the loneliness in social interactions.
文摘This paper acknowledges the contemporary neoliberal mode of operation of Smart Cities.The pitfalls of Smart Cities concerning its propensity towards techno-centric and efficiency-focused governance are identified,with diminutive emphasis on social equity and human-centric urban growth.Thus,the paper elaborates upon an alternative mode of person-environment-interaction based approach towards placemaking:Empathic Cities.This approach implies embracing a shift from efficiency to sufficiency and wellbeing embedded regenerative perspective for conceiving the built environment.First,the variable dimensions of urban growth and governance,which gave rise to the smart city,are contextualized.The embedded neoliberal operational agenda of smart cities are established.On this basis,the underpinnings of an empathic city are established by acknowledging the shift from technocentric to human-centric and from product-based to context-based smart city and wellbeing perspectives.Strategies toward urban development are proposed,such as embracing a regenerative perspective wherein the city and its constituents need to be understood as interdependent systemic elements while embracing a human-centric and ethical approach.Additionally,a transition from efficiency to sufficiency-oriented practices and a shift towards inclusive modes of participatory governance are proposed as fundamental principles for an empathic future of the built environment.
