An Examination of Male and Female Monthly Employment Rates over Time in Canada and the United States Using Hidden Markov Probability Models

In this paper, we will illustrate the use and power of Hidden Markov models in analyzing multivariate data over time. The data used in this study was obtained from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD. Stat database url: https://stats.oecd.org/) and encompassed monthly data on the employment rate of males and females in Canada and the United States (aged 15 years and over;seasonally adjusted from January 1995 to July 2018). Two different underlying patterns of trends in employment over the 23 years observation period were uncovered.

Feedback Mechanism of Employment and Entrepreneurship of Poor College Students from the Perspective of Precision Poverty Alleviation

The employment problem of graduates has become a common problem faced by colleges and universities in the era of postpopularization of higher education. There are many factors that make it difficult for graduates to find jobs, such as the huge number of employees, the quality of graduates, the development of real economy, and the concept of graduates' choosing jobs, but the fundamental reason is the imbalance between supply and demand of talents. It is an important way for colleges and universities to promote full employment of graduates by establishing a feedback mechanism to track the employment of graduates, grasping the changes of poor talents and adjusting the process of talent training accordingly. And through entrepreneurship and employment to improve poverty, to achieve the goal of precise poverty alleviation.

Feedback Mechanism of Employment and Entrepreneurship of Poor College Students from the Perspective of Precision Poverty Alleviation

The employment problem of graduates has become a common problem faced by colleges and universities in the era of postpopularization of higher education. There are many factors that make it difficult for graduates to find jobs, such as the huge number of employees, the quality of graduates, the development of real economy, and the concept of graduates'choosing jobs, but the fundamental reason is the imbalance between supply and demand of talents. It is an important way for colleges and universities to promote full employment of graduates by establishing a feedback mechanism to track the employment of graduates, grasping the changes of poor talents and adjusting the process of talent training accordingly. And through entrepreneurship and employment to improve poverty, to achieve the goal of precise poverty alleviation.

Efficiency of Blue Organic Light-emitting Diodes Enhanced by Employing an Exciton Feedback Layer

We report that a novel exciton feedback effect is observed by introducing the bis（2-methyl-8-quinolinolato）（4- phenylphenolato）Muminum （BAlq） inserted between the emitting layer （EML） and the electron transporting layer in blue organic light emitting diodes. As an exciton feedback layer （EFL）, the BAlq does not act as a traditional hole blocking effect. The design of this kind of device structure can greatly reduce excitons＇ quenching due to accumulated space charge at the exciton formation interface. Meanwhile, the non-radiative energy transfer from EFL to the EML can also be utilized to enhance the excitons＇ formation, which is confirmed by the test of photolumimescent transient lifetime decay and electroluminescence enhancement of these devices. Accordingly, the optimal device presents the improved performances with the maximum current efficiency of 4.2 cd/A and the luminance of 24600cd/m2, which are about 1.45 times and 1.75 times higher than those of device A （control device） without the EFL, respectively. Simultaneously, the device shows an excellent color stability with a tiny offset of the CIE coordinates （△x = ±0.003, △y = ±0.004） and a relatively lower efficiency roll-off of 26.2% under the driving voltage varying from 3 V to 10 V.

孤网模式下水轮机调速系统广义预测控制应用方法

针对孤网模式下水电机组PID控制策略鲁棒性差的缺点,提出基于双模型、实时反馈线性化、非线性特性补偿器和广义预测控制器的自适应广义预测控制策略(Adaptive Generalized Predictive Control,AGPC),以实现对水电站全工况实时最优控制。首先基于BP神经网络和改进樽海鞘算法构建高精度非线性水轮机模型,并结合PID控制器、引水系统、随动系统、发电机等模块搭建非线性水轮机调节系统仿真平台,然后通过定量计算揭示广义预测控制器直接应用于非线性水轮机调节系统的不合理性。进一步,结合实时反馈线性化和基于预估控制信号设计的水轮机非线性特性补偿器,提出孤网模式下广义预测控制器在水电站应用策略。最后,搭建了基于AGPC的非线性水轮机调节系统仿真平台,并以某电站真实数据验证了所提控制策略适用性、可靠性以及优良的鲁棒性。

基于改进降噪自编码器的馈线终端失效率预测

配电网中馈线终端设备由于运行环境恶劣,往往面临意外失效问题。本文针对海量馈线终端装置的失效率预测问题,使用堆叠降噪自编码器实现基于馈线终端的各个关键元件的失效率预测;采用基于Dropout的模型正则化方法防止自编码器训练过程中出现过拟合现象,同时采用Adadelta算法对堆叠自编码器进行优化,在保证预测准确率的同时提高学习速率,实现馈线终端故障失效率的高效准确预测;最后基于馈线终端装置现场数据进行仿真验证。仿真结果验证了本文方法对失效率预测的准确性和泛化能力。

新能源汽车中的整车控制单元设计

阐述整车控制单元的功能需求,探讨整车控制策略,包括汽车驱动控制、制动能量回馈控制、整车能量优化管理、车辆状态显示。制定整车驱动控制、充电控制、能量管理的整车控制方法。

CRH6型城际动车组空气制动异常施加问题分析研究

CRH6型城际动车组在运用过程中出现闸片磨耗过快的问题,磨耗周期约8万km。根据减速度设计曲线与电制动包络线,列车电制动能力在全速度范围内至少可覆盖常用制动2级。但是大量的动车组上线运营数据显示,动车组在低级位(2级)制动时均补充了空气制动,与理论设计存在差异。针对上述问题,搭建了牵引系统与制动系统地面试验台。为模拟现车条件,电制动请求、电制动反馈线缆长度同现车线缆长度。模拟不同制动级位、不同速度等级下的电空配合工况,利用上位机和万用表分别采集牵引控制单元(TCU)和制动控制单元(BCU)的电制动请求值、反馈值。通过对试验数据分析、研究和对比发现,TCU与BCU内部的A/D电路、D/A电路在转换过程中存在损耗。此外,同一个制动单元内的动车和拖车之间传输的载荷信号也存在衰减。为此,文章从制动控制原理入手,针对采用硬线作为电制动与空气制动传输介质的列车,提出了改进优化方案,在TCU内部设定了电制动补偿系数。优化方案经过了现车验证,应用效果良好。

Synchronization between two different chaotic systems with nonlinear feedback control

This paper presents chaos synchronization between two different chaotic systems by using a nonlinear controller, in which the nonlinear functions of the system are used as a nonlinear feedback term. The feedback controller is designed on the basis of stability theory, and the area of feedback gain is determined. The artificial simulation results show that this control method is commendably effective and feasible.

Low-power and Low-cost Design of Survival Memory Unit for 1000Base-T Gigabit Ethernet Transceiver

Types of hybrid architectures survivor memory unit (SMU) is presented,which are applicable to IEEE 802.3 ab 1000 Base-T Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) transceiver. Area, power and decoder latency were taken into account and most efficient architectures were compared to optimize area/power tradeoff in different kinds of applications. Suitable SMU architectures are given out respectively in area-restrict, power-restrict and latency-restrict designs. A power-efficient architecture was selected in our GbE project. It provides 48% improvement in area and 71% amelioration in power, compared to classical register exchange architecture (REA) SMU.

Nonlinear inversion-based output tracking control of a boiler-turbine unit

The capability to perform fast load-following has been an important issue in the power industry. An output tracking control system of a boiler-turbine unit is developed. The system is composed of stable inversion and feedback controller. The stable inversion is implemented as a feedforward controller to improve the load-following capability, and the feedback controller is utilized to guarantee the stability and robustness of the whole system. Loop-shaping H∞ method is used to design the feedback controller and the final controller is reduced to a multivariable PI form. The output tracking control system takes account of the multivariable, nonlinear and coupling behavior of boiler-turbine system, and the simulation tests show that the control system works well and can be widely applied.

基于多特征门控反馈残差网络的超分辨率图像重建算法

针对超分辨率重建领域中低分辨率图像特征利用不充分的问题,文中基于反馈机制与注意力机制,提出了一种多特征门控反馈残差网络。该网络模型结构简单,以循环的方式实现了网络参数复用,可以有效地节省计算资源。此外,对网络迭代中的输出特征进行保留也可实现多特征融合。采用进一步的特征精炼模块将重建后的高分辨率图像特征进行特征提取,得到了更好的重建效果。在5种测试数据集上的实验结果表明,当缩放因子为4时,该网络的峰值信噪比分别为32.50 dB、28.83 dB、27.75 dB、26.65 dB和31.12 dB。与对比网络相比,文中所提算法的测试结果显著提升。

青年就业与社会保障政策的优化——以英国为例

经济社会转型改变了社会风险,推动着欧洲国家进行福利国家制度改革。在这个长期渐进的转型过程中,青年群体需要面对就业不稳定和收入水平降低的困境,还要更多地承担社会保障制度的改革成本,由此导致的青年高失业率、尼特族问题、工作不稳定和工作贫困问题引起关注。英国近期的改革,尝试着在就业不稳定的条件下增加青年保障的稳定性,同时针对青年人的需求加强公共服务,帮助他们提高劳动技能和劳动力市场的参与率,探索解决青年就业问题的新方法。英国遇到的青年就业问题及其对社会保障等政策的优化,可以给中国提供相应的启示。

“互联网+”背景下新闻传播类专业人才培养模式与就业反馈

近几年,伴随着互联网的迅速发展,新闻传播行业与互联网相结合发展的新模式也应运而生。该文通过探究“互联网+”时代新闻传播类专业人才培养模式,剖析发展过程中存在的问题,分析“互联网+”背景下新闻传播类专业培养模式实践举措,梳理近年来学生就业反馈情况。新闻传播类专业人才培养体系的改革和实践表明,“互联网+”背景下,只有理念和实践的不断突破才能进一步提高新闻传播类专业学生的综合实力,实现该行业人才就业和行业进步的共同发展。该研究以新闻传播类学生就业反馈为基础,提出“互联网+”背景下,元宇宙赋能新闻传播类专业人才培养的“三导向”实践路径优化策略,即问题导向、创新导向、2实务导向。

一种适应新型电力系统的火电机组煤质在线校正方法

燃煤火电厂煤质变化不利于火电机组控制,如稳定性能下降、过程参数波动增加等,实现煤质在线校正非常重要。现有技术通过煤质在线测量,将测量结果用于煤质在线校正,但存在各种问题,难以实际运用。为此,发明一种针对前馈控制本身误差的新型在线校正方法,利用锅炉主控系统的已有信息,通过反馈控制,实现前馈控制在线校正,从本质上实现煤质在线校正。仿真实验验证了该新型在线校正方法的有效性。典型工程应用案例证明,该技术有效提高了协调控制的稳定性能,减小了过程参数的波动,奠定了火电机组良好的控制基础。

面向风电波动平抑基于改进C−DCA的电池储能分组控制策略

为解决电池储能系统(battery energy storage system,BESS)平抑风电波动过程中荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)和健康状态(state of health,SOH)一致性较低、电池寿命损耗较高的问题,该文提出了面向风电波动平抑基于考虑通讯时延的分布一致性算法(distributed consistency algorithm considering communication delay,C−DCA)的BESS分组控制策略,该控制策略包括初级和次级2个功率分配过程。首先,利用改进旋转门(improved swing door trending,ISDT)算法获取BESS功率指令;然后,建立考虑BESS寿命损耗、SOC与SOH一致性、并网波动率与算法迭代速度的双电池组初级功率分配模型,结合BESS充/放电状态将功率指令顺序分配至电池组,实现初级功率分配;接着,将状态反馈预测控制(state feedback predictive control,SFPC)与输出变量动态反馈引入C−DCA,形成改进C−DCA,进一步设计基于SOC−SOH的权矩阵计算方法,并根据改进C−DCA的计算结果将功率指令从电池组分配给电池单元,完成次级功率分配;最后,电池单元响应各自功率指令。以某风电场实际出力进行仿真,并与其它多种方法进行对比。结果表明,该研究方法降低了风电并网波动率,提升了控制算法的鲁棒性,减少了算法占用内存,同时兼顾了电池单元SOC和SOH的一致性,更大程度上降低了BESS寿命损耗。

高压电机及开关电气试验自动化系统设计及数据处理

该文设计一种可用于高压三相异步电动机性能试验和出厂检验的高压电机及开关电气试验自动化系统,可自动完成对试验样机电压、电流、功率等参数的精确测量和智能分析。该文首先介绍该系统的整体架构,随后概述高压电气试验主回路、测量子系统和高压电气开关试验结构的设计要点。最后,在分析空载试验的数据处理方法的基础上,总结高压电气开关试验的控制策略,结果表明,该系统可精确控制电流源主控开关的闭合,符合设计要求。

人力资源服务业演进的体系范式:美国经验及其启示

早在20世纪初期,美国就开启了人力资源服务规范化、专业化、市场化的探索,并逐步形成适应其市场经济制度的稳定发展模式。美国人力资源市场的法律框架源于普通法体系,其源头起于劳工权益保护。对于私营职业介绍服务的规制,主要体现在通过州立法建立派遣许可或者专项登记制度,同时通过“共同雇主”概念,解决三方关系中劳务派遣企业与用工单位的法律责任分配权限。美国没有专门的人力资源市场监管机构,也没有人力资源服务业的准入限制,但人力资源市场监管体系完备,体现多主体、多层次的分类监管特点。其人力资源服务传统服务业态主要包括临时就业安置、派遣服务、高管人员搜寻等。从新兴服务业态看,高管人员搜寻、在线招聘、外包服务和咨询服务等逐渐成为新的服务领域,特别是猎头服务、就业数据业务、咨询业务的持续增长,反映了全球新兴市场对专业化人力资源服务的需求趋势。

以信息为导向建立大学生就业反馈机制

本文以系统科学理论和信息不对称理论为基础,构建了大学生就业信息反馈机制,该机制包括三层反馈环路,即基本信息反馈环路、汇总信息反馈环路和目标反馈环路。大学生就业信息反馈机制的建立及顺利运行,可以有效改善信息不对称造成的不良影响,促进就业信息流通渠道的通畅,从源头上疏导就业,为大学生提供就业参考。

重视毕业生反馈信息提高教学质量的方法与实施

介绍了药学毕业生及其聘用单位反馈意见的分类与总结,阐述了针对这些反馈意见进行相应的专业培养目标,修订教学计划提高教学,针对性强化专门能力方面的改进,并在教育教学过程予以实施。初步结果表明,毕业生的自我评价和聘用企业的信息反馈,是社会对毕业生规格需求的直接表达。重视这些表达,及时调整教育教学方案,可保持毕业生培养的针对性,更加符合社会发展对人才的需求。