环孢菌素A致大鼠肾小管间质细胞凋亡及Losartan、Enalapril的保护作用

以低盐饮食 (钠含量 0 .0 5 % )饲养大鼠 7天后随机分成①对照组 ,②CsA处理组 ,③CsA +盐酸维拉帕米处理组 ,④CsA +Losartan处理组 ,⑤CsA +Enalapril处理组。CsA皮下注射剂量为 15mg/ (kg·d) ,连续 4周。用TUNEL法检测凋亡细胞 ,免疫组化方法观察增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)、Fas抗原表达。结果发现CsA处理后大鼠肾小管间质凋亡细胞较对照组明显增加 ,增殖细胞也有代偿性增加 ,肾小管上皮细胞Fas抗原表达增多。与CsA处理组相比 ,Losartan、Enalapril处理组肾小管间质细胞凋亡和Fas抗原表达明显减少。结果提示CsA可促进肾小管间质细胞凋亡 ,导致肾小管间质纤维化 ,Fas可能是介导肾小管细胞凋亡的重要介质。Losartan、Enalapril对CsA所致的肾小管间质细胞凋亡有保护作用。

新型血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂Enalapril的合成研究

本文报道了以苯和顺丁烯二酸酐为起始原料合成新型血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂Ｅｎａｌａｐｒｉｌ的新合成方法，总收率为１６．２％；此路线无特殊设备及试剂要求，具有ＳＳ－构型的（４）非对映异构体在无水乙醇中溶解度小，沉淀析出，而使（４）的ＳＳ－构型和ＲＳ－构型的两个非对映异构体分开。

Enalapril对实验性糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用机理研究

目的 研究血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂 Enalapril对糖尿病的肾病治疗作用机理。方法 以Enalapril治疗实验性糖尿病大鼠 ,并将正常组、糖尿病对照组及治疗组尿蛋白水平及肾组织转化生长因子 β、糖基化终末产物含量进行比较。结果 Enalapril治疗组大鼠肾组织转化生长因子 β及糖基化终末产物含量与糖尿病对照组相比无下降。结论 Enalapril的肾脏保护作用并非通过抑制肾组织转化生长因子

Enalapril改善妊高征左室收缩功能的研究

本文应用彩色多普勒血流显像(CDFI)技术检测妊高征心功能不全患者Enalapril治疗前后左室收缩功能参数的变化,经统计学处理表明妊高征引起的心功能不全,单纯用EnalaPril治疗效果不及强心类药物,联合用药能更好地改善左室收缩功能,即Enalapril是治疗妊高征左心功能不全者的良好辅助用药。

Enalapril对扩张型心肌病心衰的急性循环效应

本文报告5例扩张型心肌病顽固性心衰者口服Enalapril 5mg、10mg 后,应用正规的创伤性血流动力学检查方法,分别测定服药前、后,不同时间内右房压(RAP)、肺毛细血管楔嵌压(PCWP)、心率(HR)、血中血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)活性和醛固酮含量(AsC)。结果表明,服Enalapril 后2～6h RAP、PCWP、ACE 活性和AsC 均下降,且呈剂量依赖性。HR 不变。证明本药对扩张型心肌病顽固心衰的急性循环效应良好。系长期抗心衰治疗的重要辅助药物。

Effect of paricalcitol and enalapril on renal inflammation/oxidative stress in atherosclerosis

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of paricalcitol and enalapril on renal inflammation and oxidative stress in Apo E-knock out mice. METHODS: Animals treated for 4 mo as group(1) Apo E-knock out plus vehicle, group(2) Apo E-knock out plus paricalcitol(200 ng thrice a week),(3) Apo Eknock out plus enalapril(30 mg/L),(4) Apo E-knock out plus paricalcitol plus enalapril and(5) normal. Blood pressure(BP) was recorded using tail cuff method. The kidneys were isolated for biochemical assays using spectrophotometer and Western blot analyses. RESULTS: Apo E-deficient mice developed high BP(127 ± 3 mm Hg) and it was ameliorated by enalapril and enalapril plus paricalcitol treatments but not with paricalcitol alone. Renal malondialdehyde concentrations, p22 phox, manganese-superoxide dismutase, inducible nitric oxide synthase(NOS), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and transforming growth factor-β1 levels significantly elevated but reduced glutathione, Cu Zn-SOD and e NOS levels significantly depleted in Apo E-knock out animals compared to normal. Administration of paricalcitol, enalapril and combined together ameliorated the renal inflammation and oxidative stress in Apo E-knock out animals. CONCLUSION: Paricalcitol and enalapril combo treatment ameliorates renal inflammation as well as oxidative stress in atherosclerotic animals.

Enalapril Combined with Hydrochlorothiazide and Indapamide in the Treatment of Hypertension with Heart Failure

Objecrive:To explore the effect of enalapril combined with hydroch1orothiazide and indapamide on hypertension and heart failure.Methods:8o patients with hypertension and heart failure admitted to our hospitail from January 2019 to January 2020 were selected as the research subjects,and they were divided into two groups with random number table method,40 cases each.The control group was given conventional treatment regimens,including enalapril and hydroch1orothiazide;the observation group replaced hydrochlorothiazide with indapamide based on the above therapies.The efficacy and systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and left heart ejection fraction(LVEF)of the two groups were compared.Results:After treatment,the effective rate of the observation group was 92.50%(37/40)higher than that of the control group 75.00%(30/40).The systolic and diastolic blood pressure were lower than those of the control group,and the LVEF was higher than that of the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Enalapril combined with indapamide is effective in the treatment of hypertension with heart failure,which can help 1ower blood pressure,reduce heart 1oad,increase cardiac output,reverse ventricular remodeling,and delay disease progression.

Enalapril在大鼠急性心肌梗塞后对血流动力学及心室结构的影响

目的 本实验旨在观察Enalapril对心肌梗塞后大鼠血流动力学和心脏形态学的影响 ,以探讨左室重构的机制。方法 选用大鼠心肌梗塞模型 ,分为心肌梗塞组、梗塞给药组和假手术组。梗塞前 3d开始饲以Enalapril。 结果 心梗后左室重量指数及左室腔半径分别比假手术组增加 13.0 %和 2 2 .9% ,使用Enalapril后左室腔半径降低 14.1% ;心梗后LVEDP明显增加 ,使用Enalapril后LVEDP明显降低 ,亦使MAP、LVSP及±dp/dtmax降低 (P <0 .0 1)。 结论 心梗后应用Enalapril可减轻左室重构 。

THE ROLE OF ENALAPRIL IN PATHOGENESIS OF CCL_4 INDUCED HEPATIC FIBROSIS

Objective The present study was designed to examine whether the renin-angiotensin system would be implicated in the development of hepatic fibrosis induced by CCI4. The effects of enalapril on the ex-pression of platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) in liver tissue were also investigated. Methods 50 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into S groups (control group, model group, and 3 enalapril treated groups). Except rats of the model group, all rats received subcutanous injection of 40% CC14 (every 3d for 6 weeks). Rats of enalapril treated groups were given enalapril (10mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 2.5mg/kg per day, orally)for 6 weeks before they were killed. Serum levels of hyaluronic acid (HA) and laminin (LW) were de-termined by radioimmunoassay techniques. Van Gieson collagen staining was used to evaluate the extracellular matrix of the liver. The expressions of PDGFR and a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) were confirmed by im-munohistochemical methods. Results Compared with those in the model gr oup, it was found in enalapril treated groups: (1) serum levels of collagen type 1V and LN were significantly reduced (P< 0. 01); (2) the pro-gression of fibrosis was delayed (P < 0. 01); (3) the expressions of PDGFR and a-SMA were decreased. Conclusion The renin-angiotensin system was involved in the development of hepatic fibrosis induced by Cd4. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and enalapril could slow down the rate of hepatic fibrosis. This effect might be due to the ability of this drug in suppressing the expression of PDGFR of liver tissue.

Enalapril和Captopril对急性心肌梗塞后大鼠心脏形态学影响的比较

目的 旨在观察Enalapril和Captopril对心肌梗塞大鼠心脏形态学的影响 ,比较两药的差异 ,以探讨左室重构的机制。方法 选用大鼠心肌梗塞模型 ,分为假手术组、心肌梗塞组、梗塞给药Enalapril组和梗塞给药Captopril组 ,梗塞前 3天开始饲以Enalapril和Captopril。 结果 心梗后左室重量指数及左室腔半径分别比假手术组增加 10 .4 %和 2 4 .5% ,使用Enalapril和Captopril后左室腔半径降低 13.2 %和 12 .7% ,但两给药组无差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 心梗后应用Enalapril和Captopril可减轻左室重构 ,改善心功能 。

Enalapril和Captopril对大鼠急性心肌梗塞后血流动力学影响的比较

目的 旨在观察Enalapril和Captopril对心肌梗塞后大鼠血流动力学的影响 ,以探讨左室重构的机制 ,并比较两药的差异。方法 选用大鼠心肌梗塞模型 ,分为假手术组、心肌梗塞组、梗塞给药Enalapril组和梗塞给药Captopril组。梗塞前 3d开始饲以Enalapril和Captopril。 结果 心梗后LVEDP明显增加 ,使用Enalapril和Captopril后LVEDP明显降低 ,亦使MAP、LVSP及±dp/dtmax降低 (P <0 .0 1) ,但用药两组无差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 心梗后应用Enalapril和Captopril可改善心功能 。

射血分数正常心力衰竭老年病人用Enalapril:对运动耐量及动脉扩张性的影响

背景 运动耐受不良是射血分数正常心力衰竭老人（HFPEF）的主要症状，其机制及治疗所知甚少。

依那普利(enalapril)和地高辛治疗充血性心力衰竭之比较

作者以原先使用地高辛治疗的充血性心力衰竭(CHF)患者为对象,比较依那普利和地高辛的疗效和耐受性。

Enalapril对人精子活力的影响

一些研究已经表明,在男性生殖系统包括睾丸、附睾、输精管和前列腺中存在有血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)。最近又已证明在精子和精液中也存在有ACE。然而目前对ACE在男性生殖机能中所起的确切作用尚不清楚。

Therapeutic Effect of Nifedipine Combined with Enalapril on Elderly Patients with Coronary Heart Disease Complicated with Hypertension

The objective of this study was to analyze the efficacy of combined drug therapy for elderly patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension.66 elderly patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension were enrolled from December 2016 to November 2017.They were randomly divided into two groups,33 patients in each group.Patients in the experimental group received nifedipine.In combination with enalapril,patients enrolled in the control group received nifedipine monotherapy.Compared with the control group,the total effective rate,serum nitric oxide(NO)after treatment,C-reactive protein(CRP)after treatment,homocysteine(HCY)after treatment,and blood pressure after treatment were significantly improved(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in serum NO,pre-treatment CRP,pre-treatment HCY,pre-treatment blood pressure,and adverse reactions during treatment between the two groups(P>0.05).The elderly patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension are treated with nifedipine and enalapril.

Enalapril长期使用可减缓糖尿病病情恶化

最新研究证实，对无显著高血压的微蛋白尿症糖尿病患者而言，长期的Enalapril治疗可减缓或延迟结构性肾小球损伤的恶化。Enalapril是一种血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)抑制剂。

COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF LOSARTAN,ENALAPRIL AND THEIR COMBINATION IN THE PREVENTION OF LEFT VENTRICULAR REMODELING AFTER ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN THE RAT

Objectives. To compare the effects of losartan, enalapril and their combination in the prevention ofleft ventricular remodeling (LVRM) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the rat. Methods. AMI model was induced in female SD rats by ligating left coronary artery. Forty-eight hours after the procedure, 83 surviving rats were randomized into one of the following 4 groups: 1 ) AMI control group (n =19), 2) losartan group (n= 22, 3 mg @ kg - 1 @ d - 1 ), 3 ) enalapril group (n = 20, 1 mg @ kg - 1 @ d - 1 ), 4) losartan - enalapril combinative group (n = 22, 3 and 1 mg @ kg- 1 @ d - 1 respectively). 5 ) sham-operated group ( n =10) and 6) normal rats group (n = 10) were selected randomly to serve as non-infarction controls. Losartan and enalapril were delivered by direct gastric gavage. After 4 weeks of medical therapy, hemodynamic studies were performed in each group, then the rat hearts were fixed with 10% formalin and pathologic analysis on them was performed. Complete experimental data was obtained in 56 rats, comprising 1 ) AMI controls (n = 11 ), 2) losartan group (n = 10), 3 ) enalapril group (n = 10), 4) the combination of losartan and enalapril group (n = 11 ),5) sham - operated group (n = 6) and 6) normal controls (n=8). Results. There were no significant differences among the 4 AMI groups in MI size (41.7% ～ 43.4%, all P＞ 0.05). Compared with sham group, the left ventricular (LV) end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), volume (LVV), long and short axis length (L and D), as well as LV absolute and relative weight (LVAW and LVRW)in AMI group were all significantly increased ( P ＜0.05 ～ 0. 001 ); whereas the maximum left ventricular pressure rising and droping rates ( + dp/dt) and their corrected values by LV systolic pressure ( + dp/dt/LVSP)were significantly reduced (all P ＜0.001 ), indicating LVRM occurred and LV systolic and diastolic function impaired after AMI. Compared with AMI group , LVEDP, LVV, LVAW and LVRW were all significantly decreased (P ＜0.05～0.001 ); while + dp/dt/LVSP were significantly enhanced in all 3 treatment groups (P ＜0.05～0.001 ) except -dp/dt/LVSP in losartan group (P＞ 0. 05 ). There were no significant differences in the above indices among the 3 treatment groups (all P＞ 0.05). Conclusion. Both losartan and enalapril can prevent from LVRM after AMI in the rat and improve LV function with equivalent effects. There seems no additive effect when the 2 drugs are used in combination.

转换酶抑制剂依那普利(Enalapril)与巯甲丙脯酸(Captopril)治疗高血压临床疗效对比

为观察依那普利(enalapril)临床疗效,54例原发性高血压患者分成两组,分别进行双盲及单盲随机对照研究。服药后4周,依那普利组从治疗前血压164.1/99.7mmHg(kPa21.88/13.30)降至139.0/87.7mmHg(kPa18.53/11.70)(p<0.001),降压幅度为25/12mmHg(kPa 3.35/1.60);对照组从治疗前血压165.6/98.0mmHg(kPa22.10/13.06)降至147.9/89.8mmHg(kPa 19.72/11.97)(p<0.001),降压幅度为17.7/8.2mmHz(kPa 2.40/1.09)。两组间血压无显著性差异。依那普利组降压有效率为69.7%,对照组为57.2%,两组间无显著性差异(p>0.05)。服药前后各实验室检查未见异常变化。依那普利组主要不良反应为头晕,头痛,嗜睡等。

Role of TGF-β1/Smads pathway in carotid artery remodeling in renovascular hypertensive rats and prevention by Enalapril and Amlodipine

ObjectiveTo 调查转变生长 factor-&#x003b2 的角色； 1 (TGF-&#x003b2； 1 ) ，在在 renovascular 改变高血压的老鼠的颈动脉动脉的 Smad2/3 和 Smad7 表情，并且另外高血压的老鼠(RHR ) 与 &#x0201c 建模的 Enalapril 和 Amlodipine.MethodsThe renovascular 的治疗学的效果；二肾并且 one-clip&#x0201d；被建立，包括模型组( n = 6 )，假冒操作组( n = 6 )， Enalapril 组( 10 mg/kg 每天， n = 6 )， Amlodipine 组( 5 mg/kg 每天， n = 6 )并且联合组( Amlodipine 2.5 mg/kg 每天+ Enalapril 5mg/kg 每天， n = 6 )。药是连续的为六管理了星期。词法的颈动脉动脉和在媒介的结构的变化被观察由他染色，马森染色和免疫组织化学的染色。媒介厚度( MT )， MT 和腔直径比率( MT/LD )，和表示媒介铺平 &#x003b1 ；光滑的肌肉肌动朊( &#x003b1 ；-actin),增殖房间原子抗原( PCNA )， TGF-&#x003b2 ； 1 ， phosphorylated Smad2/3 ( p-Smad2/3 )和在颈动脉动脉的 Smad7 是在 RHR 的颈动脉动脉的 measured.ResultsThe 媒介模型组显著地被变厚，光滑的肌肉房间的卷被增加，并且数组在混乱；MT， MT/LD，光滑的肌肉房间的增长索引和在模型组的颈动脉动脉的骨胶原纤维区域百分比比在假冒操作组的那些显著地高(P &#x0003c；0.01 ) 。把组比作假冒操作，模型组有 TGF-&#x003b2 的显著地更高的表情； 1 并且 p-Smad2/3 (P &#x0003c；0.05 ) 并且更低的 Smad7 表示。改进的 Enalapril 和 Amlodipine 弄平肌肉肥大和骨胶原免职，减少的 RHR 颈动脉 MT， MT/LD，光滑的肌肉房间的增长索引，骨胶原纤维区域百分比和 TGF-&#x003b2 的表情； 1 并且 p-Smad2/3 (P &#x0003c；0.05 ) ，增加的 Smad7 表示(P &#x0003c；0.05 ) 。而且， Enalapril 和 Amlodipine 的联合处理比单个 Amlodipine 有显著地更好的效果组(P &#x0003c；0.05 ) ，然而并非单个 Enalapril group.ConclusionsTGF-&#x003b2； 1/Smads 小径可以参予颈动脉动脉在 RHR 改变的机制；在 inversing 颈动脉动脉改变的 Amlodipine 和 Enalapril 的角色可能与 TGF-&#x003b2 的变化有关； 1/Smads 小径， Amlodipine 和 Enalapril 的联合处理最好比 Amlodipine 的单个管理完成。