Encryption and Decryption of Color Images through Random Disruption of Rows and Columns

In modern society,information is becoming increasingly interconnected through networks,and the rapid development of information technology has caused people to pay more attention to the encryption and the protection of information.Image encryption technology is a key technology for ensuring the security performance of images.We extracted single channel RGB component images from a color image using MATLAB programs,encrypted and decrypted the color images by randomly disrupting rows,columns and regions of the image.Combined with histograms and the visual judgments of encryption images,it is shown that the information of the original image cannot be obtained from the encryption image easily.The results show that the color-image encryptions with the algorithm we used have good effect and fast operation speed.Thus this algorithm has certain practical value.

Image Encryption and Decryption Based on Chaotic Algorithm

This paper analyzes the problems in image encryption and decryption based on chaos theory. This article introduces the application of the two-stage Logistic algorithm in image encryption and decryption, then by information entropy analysis it is concluded that the security of this algorithm is higher compared with the original image;And a new image encryption and decryption algorithm based on the combination of two-stage Logistic mapping and M sequence is proposed. This new algorithm is very sensitive to keys;the key space is large and its security is higher than two-stage Logistic mapping of image encryption and decryption technology.

An Efficient Technique to Prevent Data Misuse with Matrix Cipher Encryption Algorithms

Many symmetric and asymmetric encryption algorithms have been developed in cloud computing to transmit data in a secure form.Cloud cryptography is a data encryption mechanism that consists of different steps and prevents the attacker from misusing the data.This paper has developed an efficient algorithm to protect the data from invaders and secure the data from misuse.If this algorithm is applied to the cloud network,the attacker will not be able to access the data.To encrypt the data,the values of the bytes have been obtained by converting the plain text to ASCII.A key has been generated using the Non-Deterministic Bit Generator(NRBG)mechanism,and the key is XNORed with plain text bits,and then Bit toggling has been implemented.After that,an efficient matrix cipher encryption algorithm has been developed,and this algorithm has been applied to this text.The capability of this algorithm is that with its help,a key has been obtained from the plain text,and only by using this key can the data be decrypted in the first steps.A plain text key will never be used for another plain text.The data has been secured by implementing different mechanisms in both stages,and after that,a ciphertext has been obtained.At the end of the article,the latest technique will be compared with different techniques.There will be a discussion on how the present technique is better than all the other techniques;then,the conclusion will be drawn based on comparative analysis.

VLSI Implementation of Optimized 2D SIMM Chaotic Map for Image Encryption

The current research work proposed a novel optimization-based 2D-SIMM(Two-Dimensional Sine Iterative chaotic map with infinite collapse Mod-ulation Map)model for image encryption.The proposed 2D-SIMM model is derived out of sine map and Iterative Chaotic Map with Infinite Collapse(ICMIC).In this technique,scrambling effect is achieved with the help of Chaotic Shift Transform(CST).Chaotic Shift Transform is used to change the value of pixels in the input image while the substituted value is cyclically shifted according to the chaotic sequence generated by 2D-SIMM model.These chaotic sequences,generated using 2D-SIMM model,are sensitive to initial conditions.In the proposed algorithm,these initial conditions are optimized using JAYA optimization algorithm.Correlation coefficient and entropy are considered asfitness functions in this study to evaluate the best solution for initial conditions.The simulation results clearly shows that the proposed algorithm achieved a better performance over existing algorithms.In addition,the VLSI implementation of the proposed algorithm was also carried out using Xilinx system generator.With optimization,the correlation coefficient was-0.014096 and without optimization,it was 0.002585.

Secured Access Policy in Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption for Cloud Environment

The cloud allows clients to store and share data.Depending on the user’s needs,it is imperative to design an effective access control plan to share the information only with approved users.The user loses control of their data when the data is outsourced to the cloud.Therefore,access control mechanisms will become a significant challenging problem.The Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption(CP-ABE)is an essential solution in which the user can control data access.CP-ABE encrypts the data under a limited access policy after the user sets some access policies.The user can decrypt the data if they satisfy the limited access policy.Although CP-ABE is an effective access control program,the privacy of the policy might be compromised by the attackers.Namely,the attackers can gather important information from plain text policy.To address this issue,the SHA-512 algorithm is presented to create a hash code for the user’s attributes in this paper.Depending on the created hash codes,an access policy will be formed.It leads to protecting the access policy against attacks.The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is assessed based on decryption time,private key generation time,ciphertext generation time,and data verification time.

Multivariate Broadcast Encryption with Group Key Algorithm for Secured IoT

The expanding and ubiquitous availability of the Internet of Things(IoT)have changed everyone’s life easier and more convenient.Same time it also offers a number of issues,such as effectiveness,security,and excessive power consumption,which constitute a danger to intelligent IoT-based apps.Group managing is primarily used for transmitting and multi-pathing communications that are secured with a general group key and it can only be decrypted by an authorized group member.A centralized trustworthy system,which is in charge of key distribution and upgrades,is used to maintain group keys.To provide longitudinal access controls,Software Defined Network(SDN)based security controllers are employed for group administration services.Cloud service providers provide a variety of security features.There are just a few software security answers available.In the proposed system,a hybrid protocols were used in SDN and it embeds edge system to improve the security in the group communication.Tree-based algorithms compared with Group Key Establishment(GKE)and Multivariate public key cryptosystem with Broadcast Encryption in the proposed system.When all factors are considered,Broadcast Encryption(BE)appears to become the most logical solution to the issue.BE enables an initiator to send encrypted messages to a large set of recipients in a efficient and productive way,meanwhile assuring that the data can only be decrypted by defining characteristic.The proposed method improves the security,efficiency of the system and reduces the power consumption and minimizes the cost.

Air target recognition method against ISRJ for radio frequency proximity sensors using chaotic stream encryption

The interrupted-sampling repeater jamming(ISRJ)can cause false targets to the radio-frequency proximity sensors(RFPSs),resulting in a serious decline in the target detection capability of the RFPS.This article proposes a recognition method for RFPSs to identify the false targets caused by ISRJ.The proposed method is realized by assigning a unique identity(ID)to each RFPS,and each ID is a periodically and chaotically encrypted in every pulse period.The processing technique of the received signal is divided into ranging and ID decryption.In the ranging part,a high-resolution range profile(HRRP)can be obtained by performing pulse compression with the binary chaotic sequences.To suppress the noise,the singular value decomposition(SVD)is applied in the preprocessing.Regarding ID decryption,targets and ISRJ can be recognized through the encryption and decryption processes,which are controlled by random keys.An adaptability analysis conducted in terms of the peak-to-side lobe ratio(PSLR)and bit error rate(BER)indicates that the proposed method performs well within a 70-k Hz Doppler shift.A simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method achieves extremely stable target and ISRJ recognition accuracies at different signal-to-noise ratios(SNRs)and jamming-to-signal ratios(JSRs).

Digital image encryption with chaotic map lattices

This paper proposes a secure approach for encryption and decryption of digital images with chaotic map lattices. In the proposed encryption process, eight different types of operations are used to encrypt the pixels of an image and one of them will be used for particular pixels decided by the outcome of the chaotic map lattices. To make the cipher more robust against any attacks, the secret key is modified after encrypting each block of sixteen pixels of the image. The experimental results and security analysis show that the proposed image encryption scheme achieves high security and efficiency.

Substring-searchable attribute-based encryption and its application for IoT devices

With the development of big data and cloud computing technology,more and more users choose to store data on cloud servers,which brings much convenience to their management and use of data,and also the risk of data leakage.A common method to prevent data leakage is to encrypt the data before uploading it,but the traditional encryption method is often not conducive to data sharing and querying.In this paper,a new kind of Attribute-Based Encryption(ABE)scheme,which is called the Sub-String Searchable ABE(SSS-ABE)scheme,is proposed for the sharing and querying of the encrypted data.In the SSS-ABE scheme,the data owner encrypts the data under an access structure,and only the data user who satisfies the access structure can query and decrypt it.The data user can make a substring query on the whole ciphertext without setting keywords in advance.In addition,the outsourcing method is also introduced to reduce the local computation of the decryption process so that the outsourcing SSS-ABE scheme can be applied to IoT devices.

Decryption of pure-position permutation algorithms

Pure position permutation image encryption algorithms, commonly used as image encryption investigated in this work are unfortunately frail under known-text attack. In view of the weakness of pure position permutation algorithm,we put forward an effective decryption algorithm for all pure-position permutation algorithms. First, a summary of the pure position permutation image encryption algorithms is given by introducing the concept of ergodic matrices. Then, by using probability theory and algebraic principles, the decryption probability of pure-position permutation algorithms is verified theoretically; and then, by defining the operation system of fuzzy ergodic matrices, we improve a specific decryption al-gorithm. Finally, some simulation results are shown.

Optical encryption with cascaded fractional wavelet transforms

On the basis of fractional wavelet transform, we propose a new method called cascaded fractional wavelet transform to encrypt images. It has the virtues of fractional Fourier transform and wavelet transform. Fractional orders, standard focal lengths and scaling factors are its keys. Multistage fractional Fourier transforms can add the keys easily and strengthen information se-curity. This method can also realize partial encryption just as wavelet transform and fractional wavelet transform. Optical reali-zation of encryption and decryption is proposed. Computer simulations confirmed its possibility.

Encryption Algorithm for Securing Non-Disclosure Agreements in Outsourcing Offshore Software Maintenance

Properly created and securely communicated,non-disclosure agreement(NDA)can resolve most of the common disputes related to outsourcing of offshore software maintenance(OSMO).Occasionally,these NDAs are in the form of images.Since the work is done offshore,these agreements or images must be shared through the Internet or stored over the cloud.The breach of privacy,on the other hand,is a potential threat for the image owners as both the Internet and cloud servers are not void of danger.This article proposes a novel algorithm for securing the NDAs in the form of images.As an agreement is signed between the two parties,it will be encrypted before sending to the cloud server or travelling through the public network,the Internet.As the image is input to the algorithm,its pixels would be scrambled through the set of randomly generated rectangles for an arbitrary amount of time.The confusion effects have been realized through an XOR operation between the confused image,and chaotic data.Besides,5D multi-wing hyperchaotic system has been employed to spawn the chaotic vectors due to good properties of chaoticity it has.The machine experimentation and the security analysis through a comprehensive set of validation metric vividly demonstrate the robustness,defiance to the multifarious threats and the prospects for some real-world application of the proposed encryption algorithm for the NDA images.

Chaos-Based Encryption of ECG Signals: Experimental Results

In this work, we suggest a system for chaos-based encryption of electrocardiographic signals. It uses simple electronics organized around a colpitts chaotic oscillator. The system has been designed, implemented and tested. The encrypted signal has been decrypted and compared to the original ECG signal. Experimental results were analysed and proved encouraging.

FPGA implementation and image encryption application of a new PRNG based on a memristive Hopfield neural network with a special activation gradient

A memristive Hopfield neural network(MHNN)with a special activation gradient is proposed by adding a suitable memristor to the Hopfield neural network(HNN)with a special activation gradient.The MHNN is simulated and dynamically analyzed,and implemented on FPGA.Then,a new pseudo-random number generator(PRNG)based on MHNN is proposed.The post-processing unit of the PRNG is composed of nonlinear post-processor and XOR calculator,which effectively ensures the randomness of PRNG.The experiments in this paper comply with the IEEE 754-1985 high precision32-bit floating point standard and are done on the Vivado design tool using a Xilinx XC7 Z020 CLG400-2 FPGA chip and the Verilog-HDL hardware programming language.The random sequence generated by the PRNG proposed in this paper has passed the NIST SP800-22 test suite and security analysis,proving its randomness and high performance.Finally,an image encryption system based on PRNG is proposed and implemented on FPGA,which proves the value of the image encryption system in the field of data encryption connected to the Internet of Things(Io T).

Hybrid Cloud Security by Revocable KUNodes-Storage with Identity-Based Encryption

Cloud storage is a service involving cloud service providers providingstorage space to customers. Cloud storage services have numerous advantages,including convenience, high computation, and capacity, thereby attracting usersto outsource data in the cloud. However, users outsource data directly via cloudstage services that are unsafe when outsourcing data is sensitive for users. Therefore, cipher text-policy attribute-based encryption is a promising cryptographicsolution in a cloud environment, and can be drawn up for access control by dataowners (DO) to define access policy. Unfortunately, an outsourced architectureapplied with attribute-based encryption introduces numerous challenges, including revocation. This issue is a threat to the data security of DO. Furthermore,highly secure and flexible cipher text-based attribute access control with role hierarchy user grouping in cloud storage is implemented by extending the KUNodes(revocation) storage identity-based encryption. Result is evaluated using Cloudsim, and our algorithm outperforms in terms of computational cost by consuming32 MB for 150-MB files.

Novel Hybrid Encryption Algorithm Based on Aes, RSA, and Twofish for Bluetooth Encryption

In this paper, we proposed a novel triple algorithm based on RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman), AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), and TwoFish in order to further improve the security of Bluetooth that is currently using only 128-bit AES for encryption in its latest versions (Bluetooth 4.0 - 5.0). Further-more, older Bluetooth 1.0A – 3.0 + HS (High-Speed) devices use E0 stream cipher for encryption that has been shown to be weak by numerous researchers and thus it could be considered insufficient for high security purposes nowadays. In our novel approach, the triple protection of AES, RSA, and TWOFISH would enhance the level of security, which shields the data transmission in the Bluetooth. As the first step of our novel approach, we first encrypted the message by using AES with 128-bit key and then further encrypted it by using Twofish with the same 128-bit key. Finally, the 128-bit key generated in the beginning will be encrypted by using RSA with 1024-bit key to protect its over-the-air transfer. In the receiving end, the decryption process goes in reverse order compared with encryption process. We showed with experimental figures that our novel algorithm improved the security of Bluetooth encryption by eliminating all known weaknesses and thus made data exchange between Bluetooth devices secure.

A Secure Image Steganography Using Advanced Encryption Standard and Discrete Cosine Transform

Cryptography and Steganography are two prominent techniques to obtain secure communication over the shared media like the Internet. Steganography is slightly ahead of cryptography because of its stealthy characteristics. In this paper, a new method has been proposed which combines cryptography and steganography to ensure even more secure communication. The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in spatial domain of the carrier/cover image and Least Significant Bit (LSB) replacement in the transformed domain of the same image has been used after performing a Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) on the pixels. An additional layer of security has been introduced by applying XOR operation on the AES encrypted message with the pixel values of the carrier image. The Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) of the proposed algorithm is better than most of the similar algorithms. With better PSNR, the proposed method depicts a three layer of security of the information and error free decryption.

Simple optical decryption based on a modified joint transform correlator technique

A new encryption/decryption system for optical information security is proposed in this paper. We used an iterative Fourier transform algorithm to optimize the encrypted hologram as well as the decryption key as phase-only elements. The optical decryption was implemented by superimposing the encrypted hologram and the decryption key in a simple optical setup. Numerical simulation and optical experiment have confirmed the proposed technique as a simple and easy implementation for optical decryption, demonstrating potential applications in optical information security verification.

ID-Based Threshold Decryption Secure Against Chosen Plaintext Attack

B.Libert and J.Quisquater proposed an identity(ID)-based threshold decryption scheme. This paper found flaw in their security reduction and presented two methods to prove this scheme is resist against chosen-plaintext attack(CPA), based on the weaker model of security known as selective ID-based threshold CPA and the common model known as ID-based threshold CPA respectively.