Influence of endogenous ciliary neurotrophic factor on neural differentiation of adult rat hippocampal progenitors

Ciliary neurotrophic factor is the only known neurotrophic factor that can promote differentiation of hippocampal neural progenitor cells to glial cells and neurons in adult rats. This process is similar to spontaneous differentiation. Therefore, ciliary neurotrophic factor may be involved in spontaneous differentiation of neural stem cells. To verify this hypothesis, the present study isolated neural progenitor cells from adult male rats and cultured them in vitro. Results showed that when neural progenitor cells were cultured in the absence of mitogen fibroblast growth factor-2 or epidermal growth factor, they underwent spontaneous differentiation into neurons and glial cells. Western blot and immunocytochemical staining showed that exogenous ciliary neurotrophic factor strongly induced adult hippocampal progenitor cells to differentiate into neurons and glial cells. Moreover, passage 4 adult hippocampal progenitor cells expressed high levels of endogenous ciliary neurotrophic factor, and a neutralizing antibody against ciliary neurotrophic factor prevented the spontaneous neuronal and glial differentiation of adult hippocampal progenitor cells. These results suggest that the spontaneous differentiation of adult hippocampal progenitor cells is mediated partially by endogenous ciliary neurotrophic factor.

Effects of leukemia inhibitory factor and basic fibroblast growth factor on free radicals and endogenous stem cell proliferation in a mouse model of cerebral infarction

The present study established a mouse model of cerebral infarction by middle cerebral artery occlusion, and monitored the effect of 25 tJg/kg leukemia inhibitory factor and （or） basic fibroblast growth factor administration 2 hours after model establishment. Results showed that following administration, the number of endogenous neural stem cells in the infarct area significantly increased, malondialdehyde content in brain tissue homogenates significantly decreased, nitric oxide content, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity significantly elevated, and mouse motor function significantly improved as confirmed by the rotarod and bar grab tests. In particular, the effect of leukemia inhibitory factor in combination with basic fibroblast growth factor was the most significant. Results indicate that leukemia inhibitory factor and basic fibroblast growth factor can improve the microenvironment after cerebral infarction by altering free radical levels, improving the quantity of endogenous neural stem cells, and promoting neurological function of mice with cerebral infarction.

Effects of leukemia inhibitory factor on endogenous neural stem cell proliferation and glycoprotein-130 expression in a mouse model of cerebral infarction

Leukemia inhibitory factor （LIF） has been shown to promote proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells. In this study, we treated mice with cerebral infarction using LIF to investigate whether the LIF receptor subunit glycoprotein （gp）130 is involved in neuroprotection. After LIF treatment, the motor function of model mice was significantly improved. Immunofluorescence histochemistry showed increased numbers of endogenous neural stem cells surrounding the infarct foci. Western blot analysis revealed that gp130 expression was significantly decreased surrounding the infarcted foci. Results demonstrated that LIF promoted the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells by inhibiting gp130 protein expression.

Microbial spectrum and risk factors of endogenous endophthalmitis in a tertiary center of Northern China

AIM: To study the clinical features, microbial spectrum, associated factors and prognosis of endogenous endophthalmitis(EE) in a group of Chinese patients.METHODS: The medical records from 32 eyes of 29 patients diagnosed with EE in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2009 to October 2019 were reviewed. RESULTS: The initial visual acuity(VA) of 30 eyes in this study was worse than 20/400. Twenty-three eyes were diagnosed with fungal endophthalmitis and nine with bacterial endophthalmitis. The most common fungal and bacterial isolates were Candida and Klebsiella pneumoniae, respectively. Several rare fungi and bacteria species were also isolated from our patients, including Cryptococcus, Paecilomyces, Brucella, and Bacillus licheniformis. The leading risk factor for EE was diabetes. The most common extraocular infection locus was genitourinary tract. Vitrectomy was performed on twenty-nine eyes. Eight eyes achieved final VA of 20/400 or better. EE caused by Candida had a better prognosis.CONCLUSION: The visual outcome of EE is based on pathogens and prompt intervention. Early vitrectomy and antimicrobial treatment are beneficial for EE.

Relationship between endogenous digitalis－like factor and fluid therapy in burn－blast combined injury

Fifty dogs were inflicted with burn-blast combined injury and divided into 5 groups. All the experimental animals began to receive various amounts of fluid and sodium slat replacement 2 h after injury. Serum level of endogenous digitalis-like factor (EDLF

Basic fibroblast growth factor increases the numbe of endogenous neural stem cells and inhibits the expression of amino methyl isoxazole propionic acid receptors in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mice

This study aimed to investigate the number of amino methyl isoxazole propionic acid （AMPA） receptors and production of endogenous neural stem cells in the SOD1 G93AG1H transgenic mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, at postnatal day 60 following administration of basic fibroblast growth factor （FGF-2）. A radioligand binding assay and immunohistochemistry were used to estimate the number of AMPA receptors and endogenous neural stem cells respectively. Results showed that the number of AMPA receptors and endogenous neural stem cells in the brain stem and sensorimotor cortex were significantly increased, while motor function was significantly decreased at postnatal days 90 and 120. After administration of FGF-2 into mice, numbers of endogenous neural stem cells increased, while expression of AMPA receptors decreased, whilst motor functions were recovered. At postnatal day 120, the number of AMPA receptors was negatively correlated with the number of endogenous neural stem cells in model mice and FGF-2-treated mice. Our experimental findings indicate that FGF-2 can inhibit AMPA receptors and increase the number of endogenous neural stem cells, thus repairing neural injury in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mice.

The effect of endogenous transforming growth factor β_1 on the growth of bladder cancer cells in vitro

Objective To investigate the influence of endogenous transforming growth factor β1(TGFβ1) on the cell cycle regulation and proliferation of bladder cancer. Methods A constructed replication defective retroviral vector pRevTβ-AS, which carried antisense RNA of TGFβ1.was transfected to a bladder cancer cell line EJ. The proliferation and clone-formation of transferred cells were observed in vitro,and the alteration of cell cycle was also detected by flow cytometric analysis. Results TGFβ1 antisense RNA was transferred into EJ cell and expressed efficiently. After the inhibition of target gene expression in EJ cells, the reduced growth and clone-formation rates were demonstrated, and the proliferative indexes were decreased by 12 % . The ratios of GO and G1 stage cells to June 2003 Vol12 No2 the antisense RNA-transfected EJ cells were increased, simultaneously,the ratio of S stage cells to the antisense RNA-transfected EJ cells ratios were decreased, compared with the control group. Conclusion The

Exploring prognostic potential of long noncoding RNAs in colorectal cancer based on a competing endogenous RNA network

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most prevalent tumors worldwide.Recently,long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)have been shown to influence tumorigenesis and tumor progression by acting as competing endogenous RNAs(ceRNAs).It is difficult to extract prognostic lncRNAs and useful bioinformation from most ceRNA networks constructed previously.AIM To construct a prognostic related ceRNA regulatory network and lncRNA related signature based on risk score in CRC.METHODS RNA transcriptome profile and clinical information of 506 CRC patients were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas database.R packages and Perl program were used for data processing.Cox regression analysis was used for prognostic model construction.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of lncRNAs.RESULTS A prognostic-related ceRNA network was constructed,including 9 lncRNAs,44 mRNAs,and 30 miRNAs.In addition,a four-lncRNA model was constructed using multivariate Cox regression analysis,which could be an independent prognostic model in CRC.The risk score for each patient was calculated,and the 506 patients were divided into high and low-risk groups(253 for each group)based on the median risk score.The results of the survival analysis showed that patients with a high-risk score had a poor survival rate.Furthermore,the predictive value of the four-lncRNA model was evaluated in GSE38832.Patient survival probabilities could be better predicted when combing the risk score and clinical features.Gene Set Enrichment Analysis results verified that a number of cancer-related signaling pathways were enriched with a high-risk score in CRC.Finally,we validated a novel lncRNA(LINC00488)using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in 22 paired CRC patient tumor tissues compared to adjacent non-tumor tissues.CONCLUSION The four-lncRNA model could give better predictive value for CRC patients.Our understanding of the lncRNA-related ceRNA regulatory mechanism could provide a potential diagnostic indicator for CRC patients.

Endogenous versus exogenous cell replacement for Parkinson’s disease: where are we at and where are we going?

Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and has currently no effective treatment,one that would be able to stop or reverse the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta.In addition,Parkinson’s disease diagnosis is typically done when a significant percentage of the dopaminergic neurons is already lost.In neurodegenerative disorders,some therapeutic strategies could be effective only at inhibiting further degeneration;on the other hand,cell replacement therapies aim at replacing lost neurons,an approach that would be ideal for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.Many cell replacement therapies have been tested since the 1970s in the field of Parkinson’s disease;however,there are still significant limitations prohibiting a successful clinical application.From the first fetal midbrain intrastriatal graft to the most recent conversion of astrocytes into dopaminergic neurons,we have gained equally,significant insights and questions still looking for an answer.This review aims to summarize the main milestones in cell replacement approaches against Parkinson’s disease.By focusing on achievements and failures,as well as on the additional research steps needed,we aim to provide perspective on how future cell replacement therapies treats Parkinson’s disease.

Temporal analysis of mRNA expression of endogenous TGFβ And its typeⅠ,typeⅡreceptor on burn wounds

Recent studies have shown that application of exogenous transforming growth factor?(TGF?)to a wound has a beneficial effect. However,little is known about the roles of endogenous TGF? and its receptors in the course of wound healing. In the present study, mRNA expression of endogenous TGF? and its type Ⅰ,type Ⅱreceptors on wounds of burned rats was observed by using dot blot hybridization.Thermal injury could induce expression of TGF ?, and its type Ⅰ,type Ⅱ receptor genes, and their expression appeared to be regulated. The expression was the strongest at 5 and 7 d postscalding when the repair of wounds was most active.The study suggests that TGF? plays an important role in epidermis regeneration, and that expression of TGF ? receptors is one of factors regulating wound healing. The expression discrepancy between TGF ? and its type Ⅰ,type Ⅱ receptor genes at the later stages of wound healing implies the presence of a well-controlled mechanism to limit excessive effect of endogenous TGF ? on repair cells.

贫血与非贫血孕妇Hb、VA、SF、Zn、IFA表达差异及相关性探究

目的探究贫血与非贫血孕妇血红蛋白(Hb)、维生素A(VA)、铁蛋白(SF)、锌(Zn)及内因子抗体(IFA)表达差异,并分析各指标表达与孕妇贫血的相关性。方法选取2022年8月至2023年4月我院收治的102例贫血孕妇为贫血组(Hb<110g/L),另选取同期102例非贫血孕妇为非贫血组,检测两组Hb、VA、SF、Zn、IFA表达水平,分析孕妇贫血的影响因素,将贫血组根据外周血Hb水平进行贫血程度划分[轻度(100g/L≤Hb<110g/L)、中度(70g/L≤Hb<99g/L)],比较不同贫血程度孕妇、不同孕期贫血孕妇Hb、VA、SF、Zn、IFA表达差异,分析Hb、VA、SF、Zn、IFA表达水平与贫血孕妇孕期、贫血程度的相关性,并分析Hb、VA、SF、Zn、IFA表达对中度贫血的预测价值。结果两组孕周、妊娠期合并症相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);贫血组中度、轻度贫血孕妇Hb、VA、SF、Zn均低于非贫血组,IFA高于非贫血组(P<0.05),中度贫血孕妇Hb、VA、SF、Zn表达水平低于轻度贫血孕妇,IFA表达水平高于轻度贫血孕妇(P<0.05);不同孕期贫血孕妇Hb、VA、SF、Zn表达水平比较,孕晚期<孕中期<孕早期,IFA表达水平比较,孕早期<孕中期<孕晚期(P<0.05);Hb、VA、SF、Zn与贫血孕妇孕期、贫血程度呈负相关,IFA与贫血孕妇孕期、贫血程度呈正相关(P<0.05);孕周、妊娠期合并症、Hb、VA、SF、Zn、IFA是孕妇贫血的影响因素(P<0.05);Hb、VA、SF、Zn、IFA联合预测中度贫血的AUC为0.933,大于各参数单独预测(P<0.05)。结论贫血孕妇Hb、VA、SF、Zn、IFA表达明显异常,且Hb、VA、SF、Zn、IFA与贫血孕妇孕期、贫血程度联系密切,联合检测对预防孕妇中度贫血具有重要价值。

龙陵县新寨-茅草园稀土矿特征及控矿条件浅析

龙陵新寨-茅草园地区花岗岩风化壳离子吸附型稀土矿床受内生地质和表生地质条件双重控制,主要赋存于白垩纪花岗岩体全风化层中下部及强风化层上部,V 1-1矿体分布面积38.59km 2,单工程控制矿体品位(SREO)0.035%~0.128%,平均0.047%;V 1-2矿体分布面积16.85 km 2,单工程控制矿体品位(SREO)0.035%~0.110%,平均0.048%,达大型远景规模,具有较好的勘查开发前景。

行动者网络视角下乡村内生发展的影响因素与路径研究——基于福建省32个案例的模糊集定性比较分析

当前我国乡村振兴战略实施取得明显成效,但乡村发展内生动力和能力不足的问题凸显。如何促进乡村内生发展成为政府决策部门和学术界共同关注的热点。文章结合行动者网络理论和新内生发展理论构建理论分析框架,运用模糊集定性比较分析法对福建省32个村社案例进行分析,研究乡村内生发展的影响因素和路径组合。研究结果表明:(1)乡村内生发展受到地方内部与外部力量、人类行动者与非人类行动者的共同作用。产业基础、政府支持变量的一致性水平超过0.90,是乡村内生发展的必要条件;党建引领、精英带动、资源禀赋、技术支持变量的一致性水平介于0.80~0.90之间,是乡村内生发展的充分条件。(2)各因素形成乡村内生发展的七条路径,根据因素匹配之间的差异,可归纳为内部主导型、外部驱动型、内外联动型三种模式。文章拓展了乡村内生发展的研究视角,为寻找乡村内生发展路径提供了经验参考。基于上述研究结果,提出推动乡村内生发展的政策启示:(1)立足整体,人类行动者和非人类行动者联动匹配激发乡村内生发展动力;(2)因地制宜,内外部要素互相作用提升乡村内生发展能力;(3)优化政府支持引导,打造多产融合发展格局,强化乡村内生发展的核心要件。

菊苣肉质根膨大与其生理及基因表达变化初步研究

初步探究菊苣肉质根膨大发育进程的农艺性状、生理指标和基因表达变化,以期进一步探讨肉质根发育的生理和分子调控机理。以盆栽根用菊苣‘Hera’和叶用菊苣‘将军’为材料,获取8个不同发育时期的肉质根样品,对糖和内源激素进行定量分析,并对转录因子基因进行qPCR表达量分析。结果表明,根用菊苣根径、根干质量、根冠比和根库活性均大于叶用菊苣。‘Hera’肉质根果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖含量分别在S2、S3和S4时期最高,且葡萄糖、果糖含量在各时期均高于‘将军’。‘Hera’肉质根生长素IAA、细胞分裂素CTK和赤霉素GA含量均呈现膨大前期高、中期低、后期较高的态势,转录因子基因CiMYB73、CiERF13、CiNAC017、CibZIP53均在S2时期(播种后38 d)呈现高表达。根用菊苣与叶用菊苣农艺性状差异显著,糖和激素可能协同作用于肉质根的膨大发育,播种后38 d可能为菊苣肉质根膨大发育的关键时期。研究结果对后续菊苣肉质根的遗传调控研究、基因工程改良等有一定的参考价值。

薄层砂岩边底水油藏空气辅助内源微生物驱油技术

针对边底水油藏“双高阶段”零散分布剩余油如何有效动用、低成本高效微生物驱油体系如何研发、微生物驱效果评价及配套技术攻关等难题,建立微生物驱筛选图版并评价了油藏微生物驱的适应性;利用微生物分子生态学技术全面解析了油藏微生物群落结构,筛选了乳化效果好的采油功能菌株H3;通过对主要营养成分碳源、氮源、磷源的筛选,开展单因素实验和正交实验,确定了可实现原油乳化分散和抑制硫酸盐还原菌生长的复合粉激活体系;研究了底水油层“船底形”剩余油富集特征,形成了“微生物乳化+空气提效+稠化剂封堵”提高采收率驱油模式,明确了提高采收率幅度与注入菌体浓度、注入孔隙体积倍数正相关。将研究成果应用于准噶尔盆地陆梁油田薄层砂岩边底水油藏,实施“4注20采”微生物驱提高采收率矿场先导试验,注入微生物激活剂0.13倍孔隙体积,2017至2023年阶段增油5.6×104 t,采收率提高4.0个百分点,增油效果好的井主要分布在总菌浓度高、石油地质储量大、构造高部位、油层厚度大、底水薄、采出程度较高的区域。研究成果对丰富微生物驱提高采收率技术序列具有借鉴作用。

内源性因素对抗体夹心免疫法检测血清心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ的干扰及解决方案研究进展

心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cardiac troponinⅠ,cTnⅠ)是临床上诊断心肌损伤的首选血清学标志物。cTnⅠ检测基于抗体夹心免疫法,不同检测试剂中检测和捕获抗体所针对的cTnⅠ抗原表位不一致,易造成cTnⅠ检测结果的异质性。内源性干扰因素如cTnⅠ自身抗体、异嗜性抗体、类风湿因子等可严重的干扰cTnⅠ检测结果,影响临床上对心肌损伤类疾病的诊断、治疗及预后判断。该文就cTnⅠ的抗体夹心免疫检测和内源性因素对cTnⅠ检测的干扰及解决方案等方面研究进展作一综述,为临床上鉴别诊断cTnⅠ异常检测结果提供理论依据。

棉籽粕和菜籽粕内源抗营养因子脱除技术研究进展

我国非常规蛋白饲料资源丰富,主要包括棉籽粕和菜籽粕等。棉籽粕和菜籽粕的蛋白质含量高,但其中含有游离棉酚、硫代葡萄糖苷、植酸等多种抗营养因子,不仅会影响动物对营养物质的消化吸收,还可能引起营养代谢性疾病,限制了其在畜禽饲料中的广泛应用。抗营养因子的去除方法主要有物理法、化学法及生物法,其中生物法是利用微生物特定的代谢途径和代谢产物将抗营养因子分解。此方法不仅可有效降解和转化棉籽粕和菜籽粕中的抗营养因子,还可提高其消化率,改善适口性,提升饲用营养价值。文章主要综述了棉籽粕和菜籽粕中主要抗营养因子的毒理作用、脱除方法以及微生物发酵棉籽粕和菜籽粕在动物生产中的应用效果,以期为其在畜禽生产中的高效利用提供参考。

农业生产者绿色生产要素投入行为的收入效应

以有机肥和生物农药两类绿色投入品为例,运用内生转换回归模型,实证分析农业生产者绿色生产要素投入行为的收入效应,并运用无条件分位数回归进行异质性分析。研究表明:(1)绿色生产要素投入行为受到内外部因素的影响,不同绿色生产要素的投入行为影响因素有所差异;(2)不同绿色生产要素投入决策条件下农业收入的影响因素有较大差异,新型农业经营类型能够显著提高农业收入;(3)绿色生产要素投入行为具有正向收入效应;(4)有机肥投入随着农业收入的提升,影响程度有逐渐递减趋势,生物农药投入对农业收入的影响程度呈现“倒U”型特征,不同主体类型和地理区域对不同农业收入水平的影响程度存在显著差异。

A core scientific problem in the treatment of central nervous system diseases:newborn neurons

It has long been asserted that failure to recover from central nervous system diseases is due to the system's intricate structure and the regenerative incapacity of adult neurons.Yet over recent decades,numerous studies have established that endogenous neurogenesis occurs in the adult central nervous system,including humans'.This has challenged the long-held scientific consensus that the number of adult neurons remains constant,and that new central nervous system neurons cannot be created or renewed.Herein,we present a comprehensive overview of the alterations and regulatory mechanisms of endogenous neurogenesis following central nervous system injury,and describe novel treatment strategies that to rget endogenous neurogenesis and newborn neurons in the treatment of central nervous system injury.Central nervous system injury frequently results in alterations of endogenous neurogenesis,encompassing the activation,proliferation,ectopic migration,diffe rentiation,and functional integration of endogenous neural stem cells.Because of the unfavorable local microenvironment,most activated neural stem cells diffe rentiate into glial cells rather than neurons.Consequently,the injury-induced endogenous neurogenesis response is inadequate for repairing impaired neural function.Scientists have attempted to enhance endogenous neurogenesis using various strategies,including using neurotrophic factors,bioactive materials,and cell reprogramming techniques.Used alone or in combination,these therapeutic strategies can promote targeted migration of neural stem cells to an injured area,ensure their survival and diffe rentiation into mature functional neurons,and facilitate their integration into the neural circuit.Thus can integration re plenish lost neurons after central nervous system injury,by improving the local microenvironment.By regulating each phase of endogenous neurogenesis,endogenous neural stem cells can be harnessed to promote effective regeneration of newborn neurons.This offers a novel approach for treating central nervous system injury.

角膜淋巴管生成的内源性调控因素及新生淋巴管相关眼表疾病研究进展

正常角膜无血管和淋巴管。角膜感染、化学烧伤、移植排斥反应等病理性刺激可破坏促淋巴管生成因素与抗淋巴管生成因素间的平衡,致使淋巴管从角膜缘向角膜中央延伸。角膜新生淋巴管的形成与多种调控因素及细胞信号通路密切相关,深入研究并阐明角膜淋巴管生成的机制将为角膜移植排斥反应、炎症性疾病、干眼症和肿瘤转移等相关领域的研究开辟新的方向。本文综述了角膜淋巴管生成的内源性调控因素及新生淋巴管相关眼表疾病的治疗策略。