Analysis on the Optimization of New Rural Social Endowment Insurance in Changsha,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan

On the basis of the investigation on the status quo of pilot area of rural endowment insurance in Changsha,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan,farmers' demand on insuance in the new pilot area of rural endowment insurance is expounded from two aspects:farmers' awareness on insurance is increasing gradually;farmers' ability on insuring is increasing.The growing demand of farmers on insuring and the conflicts between the supply of rural endowment insurance and the system construction are analyzed.The problems are inadequate input of funds,low level of social security;imperfect fund-collecting mechanism,serious vacancy;low level of fund management and operation,poor ability of inflation-proofing and appreciation;backward laws and regulations and instability of system.On the strength of the analysis above,the government should innovate and compound fund-collecting mechanism;establish "G-C-F" three-pillar model and set up "BSI" the third party custodian;accelerate the legislation of new rural pension system so as to push forward the optimization of new rural pension insurance system in Changsha,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan.

Constructing Index System for Evaluating Work Level in Rural Endowment Insurance

This paper used fuzzy math principles, analyzed different aspects of the work of the current rural endowment insurance and formed the indices to assess the work level of the rural endowment insurance. After selecting the indices of the work level scientificly, constructed the index system to evaluate the work level of the rural endowment insurance and the index system was expressed in the form of math equation. In this way, an objective standard used to evaluate the work level of rural endowment insurance was establised.

Analysis of fund gap on enterprise worker＇ s basic endowment insurance in Hebei province

Using actuarial techniques, the study estimates the fired gap of pooling account and individual account respectively on on enterprise worker＇ s basic endowment insurance in Hebei province. And based on the estimation, the study puts forward four policy suggestions： expand the coverage of the pension scheme; revised the number of months oft he annuities; increase the level of interest; improve financial support.

Analysis on the Causes of the Plight of Chinese Rural Migrant Workers＇ Endowment Insurance

At present, Chinese society is from traditional society to modern society in transition to accelerate, in the social, political, and economic structure, great changes have taken place; due to strong liquidity, migrant workers＇ groups in social security, are still in the stage of development, and there are still a lot of problems, especially the problem of endowment insurance. Although local governments develop the old-age insurance of migrant workers with their own characteristics, and have their respective advantages, but the effect is not ideal, as follows： ＂one low and one high＂, namely the migrant workers＇ participation rate was low and the insurance of migrant workers was ＂high rate of surrender＂. The reason is both within the Chinese social transformation factors, and external economic globalization competition; both obiectively, government policy implementation is not in place, and subjectively, migrant workers lack insured willing.

Research on social endowment insurance of lost-land peasant --A case study of Hefei city in Anhui province

With the accelerating process of urbanization and industrialization, the peasants for loss of land use fights has become a universal social phenomenon, the problem of landless peasants old-age security community has aroused much attention. However, the presence of Hefei landless peasants pension current pension system is not perfect, the shortcomings of the current government policy, peasants lack insurance awareness and so on. This paper argucs that the land should bc constructed by the pension insurance system, improvc the land compensation policy, increase financial input and improve peasants＇ pension fund supervision and management mechanism to ensure the standardization of the system, thereby providing an important guarantee for building a socialist new urbanization.

Study On The Sustainable Development Of The Endowment Insurance Fund In China

The sustainable development of the endowment insurance fund is the most basic fulcrum to the healthy development of the pension insurance system.The sustainable development of Chinese endowment insurance fund, we must adhere to the ＂wide coverage, basic, multi-level, The basic principle of sustainable ＂. In order to achieve the security of endowment insurance fund, sustainable development should be adopted .The countermeasures are： firstly, the implementation of sustainable legal raising mode; secondly, to determine the reasonable payment level, expanding .Large endowment insurance coverage;thirdly, to implement the State Administration by main market managementPrivate management and sustainable.

The bottlenecks analysis of basic endowment insurance system plan as a whole

The process of endowment insurance system plan as a whole is an important step of old-age insurance system reform in our country. At present, the process of endowment insurance system plan as a whole＇s process etxcountered bottlenecks. Come to the conclusion after analysis, the basic old-age insurance system across the country plan as a whole facing same questions, such as the regional income is different, the regional replacement rate of endowment insurance system is different, the ＂fragmentation＂ phenomenon of regional endowment insurance system, impact both fairness and efficiency of the basic endowment insurance system.

Influence of traditional values for migrant workers to participate in endowment insurance

Since the reform and opening up, labor force from countryside turn to cities with the developing of market economy, migrant workers have become a new class in our social stratum which has made a great contribution for the Chinese construction and the national economy. The related interests about endowment insurance to migrant workers have a great significance on their old life. The latest information released by the National Bureau of Statistics show that the proportion of migrant workers to participate in endowment insurance is only 15.7%. The actively of migrant workers attend pension insurance is not very high. The article through learning the literature, a method combining empirical research and the interview, find that the traditional values are still an important aspect to bound migrant workers to attend endowment insurance. Especially their traditional concepts of ＂raise children to provide against old age＂ are still very strong.

Thinking about tax deferred endowment insurance in China

With the growing eldes, our country has entered an aging population society. Social endowment insurance has not meet the demand of people, more and more people are turning to commercial endowment insurance field for help. As a new form of commercial endowment insurance, personal tax deferred model of commercial endowment insurance has huge development space in our country. This paper analyzes the necessity of implementing tax deferred endowment insurance and explores the feasibility and obstacle of individual tax deferred endowment from the point of the government policy, financial income and economic development .At the same time,this paper hold the view that though the personal tax deferred model of commercial endowment insurance may has some bottlenecks in the process of implementing, there are considerable development prospects.

Study on the improvement of the urban and rural residents endowment insurance system

Urban and rural endowment insurance system as a whole is to perfect the system of social security system in our country an important aspect, is to complete the task of the endowment insurance system covering both urban and rural residents need to move. However the urban and rural endowment insurance system as a whole cannot be simply understood as an unified system of urban and rural endowment insurance, simply cannot understand the endowment insurance system for urban and rural areas is the same as or standard is the same. In our country, because of the long-term existence and development of the urban and rural dual structure, the level of productivity, economic level, between urban and rural income levels there are significant differences in aspects, also directly caused a split between urban and rural social security system, including endowment insurance system. At present, our country＇s endowment insurance system takes the form of government subsidies combined with individual pay cost, which improve and perfect the endowment insurance system in China is in the form of the old-age insurance system in the direction of the long term hard work. On the one hand, government should continue to improve the system of town worker is basic endowment insurance, at the same time into the peasant workers＇ endowment insurance system, integrating the endowment insurance system for urban and rural worker; Through further, on the other hand, the new farming maintain is a new type of rural social endowment insurance system and “city ju bao”, urban social endowment insurance system integration, promote urban and rural residents endowment insurance system for better implementation.

The Basic Ways of Solving the Problems of Underlying Liabilities of China＇s Endowment Insurance

The supply of basic pension is seriously lacking, the personal accounts is operated with no money. This is a problem belonging to conversion cost in essence. This paper points out that the government should undertake the responsibility to solve the problem by using the increment method and stock method to repay the latent liability; then the government can enrich the personal accounts in response to the aging population crisis and the concussion brought by the endowment insurance system＇s conversion.

Research on the moderation of endowment insurance in Shanghai

Old-age insurance is related to the quality of life of the elderly population in a country or region after retirement, the impact of economic crisis and the aggravation of the population aging crisis, so that the appropriateness of the level of old-age insurance has been paid more and more attention by the society. At present, the academic research on the appropriate level of endowment insurance is still at an exploratory stage. Most scholars mainly study the endowment insurance from the qualitative point of view, but lack quantitative analysis of the level of endowment insurance. Pension expenditure must be in line with the level of national productivity development and various aspects of affordability. Shanghai is the fastest growing city in China and the earliest city in China to enter an aging society. It is of typical significance to study the appropriateness of the endowment insurance level in Shanghai.

An Empirical Study on the Effects of Social Endowment Insurance Reform in China

In recent years,China,the world’s largest population country,has also become an aging society.Social endowment insurance is not only a major source of income after retirement but also plays a major role in social stability.In 2005,large-scale social endowment insurance reform was conducted in China.Through this reform,the social endowment insurance became unified and normalized,and the participation of the social endowment insurance was obligated for an employee.In addition,the government has issued various welfare policies so that the unemployed,free job and rural residents can join social endowment insurance.Then,this paper analyzes the effect of the reform of China social endowment insurance on the amount of Insurance premium of social endowment insurance and the distribution of family expenditure by using the DID model and the fixed effect model.

Validity Evaluation of the Commercial Endowment Insurance Market in China

Aging of population will cause a series of socio- economic and population problems /exerting great pressure and challenge on the social security system.Through the connection of quantitative analysis,qualitative analysis,empirical study and normative study,as well as data collection and analysis of the state of supply and demand of the commercial endowment insurance market in China,this paper analyzes the factors that influence the effective demand and effective supply of the commercial endowment insurance in China,makes further analysis of the total amount and structure,and finally draws the conclusion on and puts forward advice about the effective development of the commercial endowment insurance market in China.

Analyses the Endowment Insurance System of Flexible Employment

In modem society, flexible employment has become the important channel of improve employment. Workers who transfer into the flexible employment from regular employment easily lost the original endowment insurance rights and interests, which increase the cost of laborer to flexible employment and impede the development of flexible employment. The establishment of the endowment insurance system of flexible employment can eliminate the apprehension of supporting themselves and enjoy in old age well.

Comparative Analysis on Policy Realization of Old and New Rural Social Endowment Insurance System

Based on the perspective of"political potential"and"incentive mechanism",this paper compares the different effects of the old rural social endowment insurance system and the new rural social endowment insurance system,so as to explain the policy realization degree of the old and new rural social endowment insurance system.According to the analysis,the new rural social endowment insurance system has greatly improved the implementation of policies,the implementation of policies,the overall planning ability between departments,and the enthusiasm of individual farmers to participate in the insurance.Compared with the old rural social endowment insurance system,the policy realization ability of the new rural social endowment insurance system has been significantly enhanced,and the effect of the policy realization has been significantly improved.

Willingness to Pay for Antiretroviral Drugs Covered by Medical Insurance among People Living with HIV in 18 Chinese Cities

Objective Antiretroviral drugs covered by medical insurance have been gradually used by people living with human immunodeficiency virus(PLWH)in recent years in China.This study aimed to analyze their willingness to pay(WTP)for antiretroviral drugs.Methods A mixed-methods study design involving a cross-sectional survey and in-depth interviews was conducted.A cross-sectional survey was performed to collect data on the general characteristics,economic status,antiretroviral therapy(ART)status,and WTP of PLWH in 18 Chinese cities from August 2022 to February 2023.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the factors associated with WTP.Representatives of PLWH were interviewed via in-depth interviews,and the data were thematically analyzed.Results Among the 941 PLWH,271(28.80%)were willing to pay for antiretroviral drugs covered by medical insurance.For basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents,PLWH with the following characteristics were more willing to pay:an educational level of senior high school or technical secondary school,having an undergraduate degree or higher,frequently working away from their hometowns,and homosexual transmission.Off-farm workers and recipients of government medical aid were more unwilling to pay.For basic medical insurance for urban employees,PLWH with the following characteristics were more willing to pay:frequently working away from their hometowns;homosexual transmission;personal annual income≥100,000 CNY;and adverse events of antiretroviral drugs.The main reasons for PLWH’s WTP for antiretroviral drugs covered by medical insurance were that the drugs had fewer adverse events and were easier to administer.The main reasons for PLWH’s unwillingness to pay were financial difficulties and privacy concerns.Conclusion Nearly one-third of PLWH are willing to pay for antiretroviral drugs covered by medical insurance.In the future,PLWH with a high WTP can be guided to use these drugs.

The Extreme Machine Learning Actuarial Intelligent Agricultural Insurance Based Automated Underwriting Model

The paper presents an innovative approach towards agricultural insurance underwriting and risk pricing through the development of an Extreme Machine Learning (ELM) Actuarial Intelligent Model. This model integrates diverse datasets, including climate change scenarios, crop types, farm sizes, and various risk factors, to automate underwriting decisions and estimate loss reserves in agricultural insurance. The study conducts extensive exploratory data analysis, model building, feature engineering, and validation to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Additionally, the paper discusses the application of robust tests, stress tests, and scenario tests to assess the model’s resilience and adaptability to changing market conditions. Overall, the research contributes to advancing actuarial science in agricultural insurance by leveraging advanced machine learning techniques for enhanced risk management and decision-making.

Does community-based health insurance affect lifestyle and timing of treatment seeking behavior?Evidence from Ethiopia

Objectives This paper aims to investigate the effects of enrollment in the Ethiopian community-based health insurance(CBHI)scheme on household preventive care activities and the timing of treatment-seeking behavior for illness symptoms.There is growing concern about the financial sustainability of CBHI schemes in developing countries.However,few empirical studies have identified potential contributors,including ex-ante and ex-post moral hazards.Methods We implement a household fixed-effect panel data regression model,drawing on three rounds of household survey data collected face to face in districts where CBHI scheme is operational and in districts where it is not operational in Ethiopia.Results The findings show that enrolment in CBHI does not significantly influence household behaviour regarding preventive care activities such as water treatment before drinking and handwashing before meals.However,CBHI significantly increases delay in treatment-seeking behaviour for diseases symptoms.Particularly,on average,we estimate about 4-6 h delay for malaria symptoms,a little above 4 h for tetanus,and 10-11 h for tuberculosis among the insured households.Conclusions While there is evidence that CBHI improve the utilization of outpatient or primary care services,our study suggests that insured members may wait longer before visiting health facilities.This delay could be partly due to moral hazard problems,as insured households,particularly those from rural areas,may consider the opportunity costs associated with visiting health facilities for minor symptoms.Overall,it is essential to identify the primary causes of delays in seeking medical services and implement appropriate interventions to encourage insured individuals to seek early medical attention.