A Homeowner-Based Methodology for Economic Analysis of Energy-Efficiency Measures in Residences

Residential energy-efficiency measures, besides energy savings, provide opportunities for improvement of thermal comfort, air quality, lighting quality, and operation. However, all these benefits sometimes are not enough to convince a homeowner to pay the incremental cost associated with the energy-efficiency measure. The objective of this work is to develop a methodology for the economic evaluation of residential energy-efficiency measures that can simplify the economic analysis for the homeowner while taking into consideration all factors associated with the purchase, ownership, and selling of the house with the energy-efficiency measure. The methodology accounts for direct and indirect economic parameters associated to an energy-efficiency measure;direct parameters such as the mortgage interest and fuel price escalation rate, and indirect parameters such as savings account interest and marginal income tax rate. The methodology also considers different cases based on the service life of the energy-efficiency measure and loss of efficiency through a derating factor. To estimate the market value, the methodology uses the future energy cost savings instead of the cost of the EEM. Results from the methodology offer to homeowner annual net savings and net assets. The annual net savings gives the homeowner a measure of the annual positive cash flow that can be obtained from an energy-efficiency project;but more important, the net assets offer a measure of the added net wealth. To simplify and increase the use of the methodology by homeowners, the methodology has been implemented in an Excel tool that can be downloaded from the TxAIRE’s website.

Faults and Claims about Thermal Environments in Relation to Energy Saving Measures in Smaller Office Buildings

Building equipment, energy-saving systems, and claims of inappropriate indoor thermal environments were analyzed in relation to the floor area using responses to a questionnaire survey of service managers of 157 buildings built in Osaka, Kyoto and Hyogo prefectures in Kinki area of Japan. Results show the following： （1） In smaller buildings （〈 5,000 m2）, setting temperatures are higher in summer and lower in winter, effects of ＂uncomfortable radiation from windows＂ are greater, energy-saving systems decrease indoor thermal comfort, but claims of ＂hot＂ and ＂cold＂ are fewer; （2） Claims of ＂hot＂ and ＂cold＂ are unrelated to the setting temperature and whether the air-conditioning control system is central or local; （3） The adoption rates of mitigation of dress codes （＂COOL-BIZ＂ and ＂WARM-BIZ＂） are higher than those of temperature mitigation of air conditioning.

Application Analysis of Energy Saving Measures in Oilfield Electrical Engineering

With the rapid development of the social economy,people are paying more and more attention to environmental issues.If society wants sustainable development,it must put energy conservation and emission reduction on the agenda.At this stage,China has vigorously promoted energy conservation and emission reduction,and all walks of life have gradually embarked on the green road of energy conservation.In recent years,energy saving measures has been widely used in China's oilfield electrical engineering.The author explores and analyzes the basic principles of energy saving measures applied in oilfield electrical engineering,and proposes an effective way to apply energy saving measures in oilfield electrical engineering,hoping to contribute to the energy saving effect of oilfield electrical engineering.

燃气-蒸汽联合循环机组停运期间节能优化研究

近年来,随着人们越来越重视环境问题,国家也相应出台了诸多政策来对环境污染进行防治。因此,人们便开始探索在发电行业中占据重要地位的天然气发电技术。许多地区建立起了天然气电厂,作为一种低污染以及高效率的发电方式,天然气发电迎来了新的发展机遇。燃气-蒸汽联合循环机组,由于其拥有启动速度快、占地面积小、运行可靠性高等特点,很好地弥补了新能源发电不稳定的缺点。在现代化的电网中起着非常重要的调峰作用。全面科学地控制机组启停机过程,降低机组在启停期间的能量损耗,将对燃气发电企业经济与安全运行起到积极的促进作用。通过停机初期及时人为介入控制汽机真空值,便能减少汽机惰走时间,节约厂用电使用量。

面向5G-A的无线网络节能关键技术

建立网络能耗模型,对基站在数据发送状态、接收状态、休眠模式及模式转换的相对功耗进行建模,可以评估各种网络节能技术的节能增益。面向5G-A,从时域、空域、频域和功率域等方面,研究包括公共信号轻量化设计、极简小区架构、小区不连续发送/接收模式、基站唤醒机制、节能测量上报增强等网络节能的关键技术,使能更动态、高效、精准的无线传输,并通过终端和基站间信息交互的方式提升节能效果。随后,仿真验证了这些技术的正确性和有效性。

Present situation and development of saving energy and reducing emission technology in iron ore sintering process

The energy consumption of iron ore sintering process is about 10%- 15%of the total of iron and steel industry.Therefore,it is of great significance to take effective measures to reduce the energy consumption in the iron ore sintering process to reduce the costs of sintering product and cut down the emissions of harmful gases,such as CO_2 and SO_2.In this study,the technology development of saving energy and reducing emission in iron ore sintering process was reviewed and discussed;some new directions and measures of saving energy were presented for the sintering process in the future.

An Approach to Energy Saving and Cost of Energy Reduction Using an Improved Efficient Technology

The electricity consumption in commercial places like universities has tremendously increased recently. Modern and advanced energy efficient appliances are highly needed to substitute the conventional ones. Energy saving is of great important instead of its wastage, as utilizing the energy efficiently reduces the cost of energy. Energy consumption varies for commercial building due to several factors such as electrical appliance usage, electrical appliance type, management, etc. Due to the advancement in technology, there are new emergence appliances that are of high efficiency and have less energy consumption. A case study is conducted on selected five tutorial rooms, level 4 buildings in the Faculty of Electrical Engineering 19 A, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. The paper proposes new emergence equipments with high efficiency and less power consumption to replace the existing ones. A survey is conducted on the number of electrical appliances used for each of the tutorial rooms, time table for each tutorial room and the Tenaga Nasional Berhad pricing and tariff are taken into consideration in the analysis of the energy consumption and the cost of energy. This paper aims at reducing the amount of energy consumption by replacing the existing electrical equipments with high efficient electrical equipments;it also tends to reduce the cost of energy paid to the utility. By observing the results, it shows that the proposed efficient electrical equipments are more efficient, less power consumption and less cost compared to the existing electrical equipments.

Research on Green Transformation of Campus Sponge and Energy Saving Facilities on Sloping Land

Based on the renovation of sponge and energy-saving facilities in a middle school in Nanning,this paper systematically studies the overall elevation of the campus,the composition of the drainage system and the layout of space functions,and formulates a characteristic scheme for the renovation of sponge and energy-saving facilities according to the characteristics of the sloping campus.In order to control the total amount of rainwater runoff,the sponge transformation mainly adopts the transformation methods of partition catchment,upper storage and lower use,multi-stage detection and classification treatment.For the purpose of solar energy and wind energy utilization,solar photovoltaic panels and small-scale wind power generation system are adopted.The application effects of sponge and energy-saving facilities are estimated and evaluated.

建筑节能施工技术及控制--以乐府兰庭(三期)工程为例

中国特色社会主义市场经济的高速发展为我国建筑行业的进步提供了稳定基础,近年来我国的建筑工程施工规模越来越大,施工技术也越来越先进,特别是建筑节能施工技术取得了突破性进展,在提升建筑工程施工质量、优化建筑等方面发挥了积极作用。因此,根据实际情况,以乐府兰庭(三期)工程为例,对建筑节能施工技术及控制进行了深入研究。

液压挖掘机液能回收再利用节能装置测控系统

液压挖掘机动臂下降重力势能和回转制动动能均以节流和溢流的形式转化为了油液的热能,严重影响整机能效,亟需提高液压挖掘机液压系统的效率。针对这一问题,提出了基于三腔蓄能器的挖掘机液能回收再利用的节能装置方案,可以回收挖掘机动臂势能和回转制动动能,用于驱动动臂举升。首先,介绍了节能装置的工作原理。其次,设计并开发了节能装置的测控系统,采用CoDeSys编写了下位机控制器程序,直接控制节能装置的动作实现能量回收和再利用;运用C#语言开发了上位机程序进行节能装置电控系统和液压系统的模拟调试和数据监控,并实现了节能装置的远程无线通讯功能。试验结果表明:该测控系统实现了对插装阀开闭和比例节流阀开度的快速、精准控制;达到了对节能装置远程控制和数据实时采集的目标;节能装置的动臂势能回收效率为84.9%,动臂节能效率为52.8%,回转制动工况下的动能回收效率为41.1%。

WIA-PA网络中的基于节能的AODV路由算法改进

能源问题对于WIA-PA工业无线网络是非常重要的;因为在恶劣的环境中它们只能依靠其有限的电池供电;传统的路由算法中,选路时没有考虑节省能量的策略,它会造成一些关键节点的过度使用而过早的退出无线网络;针对WIA-PA网络的能量受限问题,提出了一种基于搜索有较大可持续能量路由的节点方法,并对AODV协议进行改进,逸免了低能量节点的使用,从而延长了网络的生存时间;该路由协议经过了理论分析和计算机仿真的验证,具有可行性和有效性,对于WIA-PA网络的节能路由协议研究以及实现具有一定的参考价值。

电解铝厂整流装置效率计算分析及节能提效措施

本文介绍了一种电解铝厂整流装置效率的计算方法,并结合实例计算分析,提出采用提升供电整流装备选型和配置水平、优化设计方案、提高母线加工精度等节能提效措施,降低铝厂单位产品综合耗电量及生产成本,提高企业竞争力。另外,电解铝是典型的高耗能产业,大部分分布在西北能源富集地区。同时,这些地区也是光伏、风电等新型能源产业发达地区,发展先进高效的电解铝生产系统可有效地就地消纳光伏及风电等绿电,为合理配置新型电力资源做出贡献。

城市更新项目中外墙保温技术应用

本文主要探讨了城市更新项目中老旧小区外墙保温技术的应用。通过分析老旧小区建筑外墙节能保温的现状,阐述了外墙保温技术的意义和重要性。本文从建筑外墙保温构造做法、工艺流程、施工中容易忽略的问题及保温施工通病及措施等四个方面,介绍了各种节能保温技术的具体应用方法和效果。最后,总结了城市更新项目中老旧小区外墙保温技术的发展趋势和未来发展方向。

某安保中心数据机房空调系统设计

基于北京市某安保中心数据机房空调系统设计,介绍了数据机房室内温湿度的设计要求及空调负荷计算方法。分析了水冷冷水系统及自然冷却风冷冷水系统两种空调冷源形式的特点及优缺点并对A级机房应急冷源的设计进行了介绍。分析对比了数据机房封闭冷通道及封闭热通道的优缺点及适用性,通过气流组织分析模拟验证了封闭冷通道送风可使冷、热通道内的温度达到设计要求。针对空调冷冻水系统,提出了确定空调冷冻水供回水温度的方法,介绍了能够保证空调水系统安全运行的管路设计方法。总结了数据中心空调节能设计措施,指出了设计时应注意的事项。

厦门地区典型羽毛球训练馆热环境实测分析

体育建筑类型众多,相较于大型比赛场馆,羽毛球训练馆作为大众运动项目的中小型训练馆之一,受众面广且使用频次高。以厦门地区典型羽毛球训练馆为研究对象,选取3个典型羽毛球训练馆进行过渡季和夏季的现场热环境实测分析及热舒适调查。研究结果表明:羽毛球训练馆室内受太阳辐射影响小,环境变化比室外稳定;在自然通风条件下室内环境较室外未得到明显改善,加设空调能改善夏季室内环境;不同的界面形式、材质都对室内环境有影响。综合来看,钢结构场馆在两季节中环境最佳,但其环境变化较大,易受到室外环境影响。钢筋混凝土结构场馆环境稍差,但其稳定的特征在恰当措施下能带来更佳的室内环境。基于以上研究结论,对羽毛球训练馆提出优化策略,对夏热冬暖地区羽毛球训练馆的热舒适环境合理设计及优化提供参考。

基于i-bus EIB系统的室外照明节能措施研究

对室外照明的节能措施加以定性分析和研究,提出室外智能照明节能的几种措施,并用工程实例来说明i-bus EIB系统在室外照明智能控制中的应用。

袋式除尘系统的节能措施

分析袋式除尘系统各环节对系统能耗的影响,提出节能措施。

基于热效率优化的火电厂节能技术与减碳措施的综合应用研究

对影响火电厂机组节电能力的各种因素进行分析,系统地阐述了火力发电机组的节电措施。针对山西省京玉发电厂的2号机组,详细分析了发电机组在实际工作时电能损失的具体情况和特性。通过对2号机组的锅炉和汽轮机进行优化改造,火电厂的煤耗量下降2 g/(k W·h)左右,电厂的用电率节约0.12%左右。对火电厂节能优化工作具有一定的指导意义。

发电厂集控运行中的节能措施分析

阐述发电厂集控运行的节能降耗问题及原因,提出一系列解决措施,包括加强锅炉控制、确保汽轮机组高效运行、降低电厂整体用电、优化电厂生产管理。这些措施能够减少能源浪费和环境污染,提高企业的竞争力。

严寒地区超低能耗外窗节能改善措施研究

文中致力于研究严寒地区超低能耗建筑外窗窗框的设计优化问题。为充分把握超低能耗建筑外窗的特点,并针对性地改善严寒地区的建筑外窗性能,以我国东北部严寒地区的哈尔滨市为模拟城市环境,根据哈尔滨当地气候特点进行模拟分析,以传热方式为模拟发起点,通过软件研究外窗的玻璃、窗框等方面的系统组合、热工参数和低传导构造、设计等对于超低能耗建筑外窗节能性能的影响,以期提出一套切实可行的方案,为能在严寒地区提高超低能耗建筑外窗的节能性能提供参考。