Exploration and Application Practice of Energy Conservation Theory and Method in Steel Manufacturing Process System

This article briefly discusses the theoretical basis and overall goals of energy conservation in the steel manufacturing process system.It is proposed that in the process of implementing system energy conservation,it is necessary to fully recognize and utilize the characteristics and functional advantages of the steel manufacturing process,pay more attention to energy quality,firmly grasp the overall goal of system optimization,focus on the integrated optimization of gas,steam,and waste heat systems,and propose the idea of constructing a"steel chemi-cal gas electricity heating cooling multi generation system".Based on practice,the main principles,models,and effects of implementing systematic energy conservation in steel enterprises have been proposed.

Energy conservation and emissions reduction strategies in foundry industry

Current energy conservation and emissions reduction strategies in iron and steel industry were reviewed. Since foundry industry is one of the major source of energy consumption and pollution emission (especially CO 2 ), issues concerning energy-saving and emission-reduction have been raised by governments and the industry. Specialists from around the world carried out multidimensional analyses and evaluation on the potentials in energy conservation and emissions reduction in iron and steel industry, and proposed various kinds of analyzing models. The primary measures mainly focus on the targeted policies formulation and also on clean and highefficient technologies development. The differences and similarities in energy conservation and emission reduction in foundry industry between China and other countries were discussed, while, the future development trend was also pointed out.

Are energy conservation and emission reduction policy measures effective for industrial structure restructuring and upgrading?

The use of energy conservation emission reduction policies to promote industrial restructuring and upgrading and thus facilitate energy conservation and emission reduction is one of the 10 important strategies of environmental management in China. The use of energy conservation emission reduction policies to promote industrial restructuring and upgrading and thus facilitate energy conservation and emission reduction is one of the important strategies of environmental management in China. Based on the systematic collection of 1,195 energy conservation emission reduction policies, we discuss the influence of individual measure and measure synergy of energy conservation and emission reduction policies respectively. The results show that the energy conservation and emission reduction policies have a significant effect on the overall promotion of industrial upgrading. The financial measures and guidance measures have a positive impact;the financial measures and guidance measures have significantly positive effect; however, the administrative measures, fiscal tax measures, and other economic measures do the opposite; the positive effect of the synergy of guidance measures and financial measures is greater than the negative effect of considering only the synergy of fiscal tax measures and other economic measures, and significantly greater than the negative effect of the synergy of administrative measures, fiscal tax measures, and other economic measures. We should strengthen and emphasize the use of the measure that has positive effect on industrial structure restructuring and upgrading individually and synergistically.

Life Cycle Assessment-based method of Excessive Commodity Packaging on Energy Conservation and Emissions Reduction

Based on a Life Cycle Assessment model, the effect of the whole life cycle of excessive commodity packaging on the environment was analyzed by eBalance Evaluation LCA software from production through circulation. The cost evaluation system and environment impact model of its three main processes, that is, material production, product machining and waste manufacturing, were established to identify the main environmental impact corresponding indicators and the influence on energy conservation and emissions reduction of excessive packaging life cycle. And packaging of moon-cakes was taken as an example to analyze the difference between the ordinary packaging and excessive packaging of moon-cakes in terms of life cycle assessment and costs analysis. Meanwhile some measures are put forward to conserve energy and reduce emissions.

Green ICT Impact on Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction

The direct and indirect effect of ICT on energy conservation and emission reduction is described. The energy consumption per unit GDP in the ICT industry is lower than that in other industries. The application of ICT in such fi elds as industrial design, manufacturing, management, logistics, sales and service can be helpful for energy conservation and emission reduction in the industrial and transportations industry; however, the issue of energy waste and environmental pollution caused by voluminous deployment of ICT products should never be overlooked. This paper presents the lat- est development of communications products in energy conservation and exemplifi es the roles of ICT in energy conservation and consumption reduction. The issue of electromagnetic radiation of ICT products and the recycling and reuse of e-wastes are explored.

The Impact of Global Value Chain Embedment on Energy Conservation and Emissions Reduction:Theory and Empirical Evidence

An in-depth investigation into the effect of embedment in global value chain(GVC)on energy conservation and emissions reduction is of great significance for scientifically assessing the environmental impact of GVC participation,and promoting high-quality development in China.This paper incorporates GVC embedment,energy consumption and carbon emissions into the same analysis framework for the first time.Based on the WIOD database,this paper theoretically and empirically examines the impact and mechanism of global value chain embeddedness on carbon emission reduction from two dimensions:energy consumption intensity and energy consumption structure.The study found that GVC embedment significantly reduced the industry’s carbon emission intensity;developing economies’embedment in GVC helped reduce their carbon emission intensity,while the effect was not obvious in developed economies.GVC embedment had a significant inhibitory effect on the carbon emissions in both upstream and downstream industries,but not conducive to carbon reduction of lowtech manufacturing.The mechanism test shows that the GVC embedment not only exhibits the dual effects of energy conservation and emissions reduction,but also has a significant impact on carbon emissions by reducing the energy consumption intensity and improving the energy consumption structure.

China's Wind Power Integration and Benefits to Energy Saving and Emission Reduction

Based on the research of wind power development policies, this paper put forward the reform directions to improve the disadvantages of the policies. The wind power’s grid integration status quo is introduced, and the bottle neck of grid integration is analyzed. By the study on the economic benefits of wind power integration in China’s present stage, the results indicate that the wind power industry is in good condition of profits and the profits are higher with the increase of the wind resources in the areas. Through expanding the difference of the power purchase prices in different resource areas, it is beneficial for the nationwide harmonious development of wind power. At last, the present and future benefits of the energy conservation and emission reduction from wind power integration are estimated, which shows that the environmental benefits of "wind-thermal exchange" will be more and more outstanding along with the expansion of the scale of wind power.

Application of coal-water slurry on the rotary calcining kiln of pedgion magnesium reduction process

Energy saving has been an important concept in modern industry especially to the countries and regions with energy shortage such as China and Japan. Utilization of Coal-Water Slurry （CWS） can improve the burning efficiency of coal and reduce the pollutions of soot, sulfide and the nitride by burning lump coal directly. The CWS is a promising energy saving technique and the effectual substitute of oil. The study on the preparation and application of the CWS has made progresses in many aspects. The present paper studied the basal problems for applying the CWS on the rotary kilns during the calcining-dolomite process in the magnesium factory, summarized the key points for the application process of the CWS and gave the corresponding solutions.

Diamond Model Based Analysis on Cooperation between of Poverty Alleviation and Emission Reduction in Agricultural Counties: A Case Study of Huoshan County in Anhui Province

2020 is the year of decisive stage for building a well-off society in an all-round way.On the winter vacation of 2020,we went to Huoshan County,Anhui Province,an old revolutionary area,and conducted a social survey for nearly a month.Through interviews,on-site observations,and access to materials,we clearly found that the local party committee and government actively responded to the call of the state,practiced the"two mountains"theory,turned a poor and backward agricultural county into a national ecologically civilized and well-off county,and realized the coordinated progress of poverty alleviation and energy conservation and emission reduction.Starting from the government policies and rural facts of Huoshan County,a national ecological county,and using Porter’s"Diamond Model",our team used Huoshan County’s environmental advantages and disadvantages,economic prosperity and decline as comparison conditions,and analyzed external factors such as factor conditions,opportunities,related and supporting industries,government forces,etc.,to come up with pertinent recommendations for the development of agricultural county-level characteristic industries.

Energy Consumption Analysis and Optimization of Electric Submersible Pump System

Electric submersible pumps account for a considerable proportion in the development of the Bohai Oilfield. Improving the system efficiency of the electric submersible pump wells, ensuring that the units operate in the high-efficiency zone, is essential. Analysis shows that the efficiency of the electric submersible pump system depends on the wear and tear of each component of the submersible pump equipment, the setting of operational parameters, and more importantly, the production status and daily management level of the oil well. Therefore, improving the structural performance of the submersible pump product, optimizing the parameters setting of the oil well, strengthening daily management, establishing a scientific management system, and improving the production management process and system can effectively improve the production efficiency and economic benefits of the oil well, and further achieve the goal of energy saving and emission reduction. In addition, it is necessary to actively promote the concept and technology of energy saving and emission reduction, encourage oilfield enterprises to explore effective measures to reduce the energy consumption of the electric submersible pump system by strengthening the scientific management system, and achieve a green, low-carbon, and high-quality development of oilfield production to achieve the unity of economic benefits, social benefits, and environmental benefits. This article applies the above measures in the P oilfield to achieve energy optimization of submersible electric pump systems, reducing the daily power consumption of single well submersible electric pump systems by 371 kWh per day, increasing the submersible electric pump's lifespan by 200 days, generating considerable project benefits.

数字普惠金融对能源环境效率的影响机制与空间效应

在“双碳”约束日益紧迫和经济下行压力加大的现实背景下,数字普惠金融成为城市经济绿色低碳高质量发展的新动能和可持续增长极。使用非径向方向距离函数测算中国2011-2020年273个地级市能源环境效率,实证检验数字普惠金融对能源环境效率的空间效应及其影响机制。研究发现:(1)能源环境效率呈现出正向空间依赖特征,本地区能源环境效率的提高可以对空间关联地区的能源环境效率产生积极影响。(2)数字普惠金融提高了本地区的能源环境效率,且对周边地区的能源环境效率具有显著正向的空间溢出效应。(3)数字普惠金融主要通过推动节能降耗、促进绿色技术创新和优化产业结构三条途径提高能源环境效率,并且数字普惠金融能通过这三条途径同时提高本地区和周边地区的能源环境效率。(4)数字普惠金融对能源环境效率的正向空间溢出效应在使用深度和数字化程度维度、500km范围内、大型城市、非老工业基地和东部城市更加明显。研究结论为中国能源绿色低碳转型的金融服务优化路径提供了科学决策依据。

中国煤电机组改造升级效果分析与展望

煤电改造升级是提升煤电机组清洁高效灵活性水平、适应煤电向基础保障性和系统调节性电源并重转型的重要手段之一。通过分析中国煤电机组改造升级现状、改造效果,探讨了改造升级过程中存在的主要问题,并提出了促进煤电改造升级的措施方式,对煤电改造升级工作进行了展望。研究发现:煤电的节能降碳改造中,改造机组在额定工况下的供电煤耗平均可降低约5 g/(kW·h);煤电的灵活性改造中,改造机组最小出力由改造前的约42%额定负荷降低至约额定负荷的29%;煤电的供热改造中,改造机组的供热量可增加约56%。煤电改造过程中存在负荷率与供电煤耗、投入与收益、技术选择、可靠性等多方面协同问题,从运行、技术、政策等角度提出了推动煤电改造升级的措施建议,为煤电改造升级的有序推动提供参考。

“双碳”目标引领下家庭碳账户体系的构建对策及建议

碳账户体系建设是践行国家“双碳”目标的重要路径。随着个人碳账户的不断完善,开展家庭碳账户的试点探索,有助于个人碳账户应用体系与碳市场的建立与完善。从家庭碳账户体系构建的背景及意义出发,通过文献调研与实证调查等方法,分析个人碳账户存在问题及对家庭碳账户体系构建的启示。研究结果表明,个人碳账户建设存在多平台重复建设及标准不统一问题、公平性与合理性问题、信息准确性与偏差问题、以及减排政策框架的有效融合欠缺问题。在“双碳”目标引领下,应设立家庭碳户主并建立家庭碳共济总账户,整合碳账户平台并完善家庭碳账户数据信息,创新家庭碳普惠模式,以构建并完善家庭碳账户体系,促进全民参与绿色低碳生态文明行动。

大庆喇嘛甸油田低碳示范区建设探索与实践

“双碳”背景下,大庆油田全力构建清洁高效的能源体系,打造千万千瓦级新能源基地。喇嘛甸油田结合特高含水开发及整装油田典型特点,依托资源优势,探索建设喇北北块低碳示范区。以全面能源调查为基础,明确将灰电与天然气作为替代目标,确定了“节能降碳、清洁替碳”两步走建设思路。结合油田用热特点,整体部署油田余热、地热、光热及电热多能互补方案,全面实施工艺流程再造、立体化节能、清洁热能替代、清洁电能替代。根据油田中部地区管网密度大、周边可利用土地多的特点,以最大发电量、最小弃电量为目标,整体优化风光发电建设布局和规模,以实现区域多能互补、供用能平衡及高替代率。低碳示范区将新能源技术与现有生产工艺深化融合,开展了先导性的储能、制氢、微电网、能源管控技术研究。低碳示范区预期2025年全面建成,清洁能源替代率将达到46.4%,将有力推动油田能源变革、绿色低碳转型。

铁路隧道工程节能减排技术研究现状及展望

考虑到铁路隧道工程的施工运营过程具有高能耗、高温室气体排放的特点,本文通过统计调研近10年来的相关文献,总结了目前常用的几种铁路隧道节能减排技术。从施工、运营两个方面介绍了铁路隧道所采用的节能技术:包括增大施工废渣回收利用率、利用可再生环保建材等绿色施工技术;应用智能控制系统和变频调速等方式降低风机能耗的节能通风技术;通过智能化控制灯具实现隧道按需照明的节能照明技术。

寒冷地区工业用太阳能-生物质能供暖系统研究

为实现工业建筑领域的节能减排,以唐山市某工业厂房为例,针对其建筑特点和采暖需求,提出了一种寒冷地区工业用太阳能-生物质能供暖系统,利用TRNSYS软件模拟了系统在供暖季的供热量及能耗表现等。结果表明,在满足本工程供暖需求的前提下,太阳能-生物质能供暖系统中太阳能集热器的集热效率最高可达58.68%,在供暖季代表月运行时,与生物质锅炉系统单独运行的平均能耗相比可降低26.6%;与燃煤锅炉供暖系统运行成本相比降低约56.23%,每年可节约常规化石能源37155.96 kg,设备寿命期满后可减少CO_(2)排放692130.27 kg。由此可见,该系统具有经济适用、降低能耗、减少碳排放等优势,将其应用于工业厂房建筑供暖中具有可行性。

能源电力系统绿色转型:政策演进逻辑与实践进路

电力行业是能源消耗和碳排放的重点行业,政策则是推进能源电力行业绿色转型的主要抓手。以政策目标和措施为依据,分析我国能源电力系统节能减排政策的演进规律,揭示其理论逻辑和实践进路。研究结果表明:我国能源电力系统节能减排政策沿循“节约能源—环境保护—促进可再生能源发展”的演进脉络,经历“以行政指令为主的探索阶段—以法律法规为主的强化阶段—以行政指令和市场化方式相结合的多元化发展阶段”的演进过程,逐步形成促进节能减污降碳和能源结构优化相协同的循环发展格局。我国能源电力系统转型过程中始终体现以党的意志为意志、以人民为中心、统筹发展和安全的基本特征,节能减排技术创新成效显著。未来,推动能源电力系统绿色安全转型应从培育新质生产力、健全财税金融政策、促进多目标协同增效、增强绿色低碳意识四个方面进行深入的实践探索。

原油集输系统能耗影响因素的综合判定模型

随着油田生产能源需求的不断增长,原油集输系统在能源供应链中所起的作用日渐显著,其能耗所占比重在整体油田生产中也日益增加,而系统能耗又受到多种因素的制约,如何科学合理地分析集输系统能耗影响因素成为油田面临的重要课题。同时,部分因素之间还会存在交叉影响而造成信息重叠,这给准确把握系统能耗主要影响因素带来较大难度。结合集输系统能耗构成特点和生产实际运行状况,综合考虑产液量、含水率、油品黏度等影响集输系统能耗的客观因素,采用改进熵权法、主成分分析法以及多元逐步回归分析法对各项因素的影响程度进行定量描述,根据权重大小进行排序,并将3种方法结合进行综合判定,确定含水率和产液量为影响油田集输系统能耗的主要影响因素,最后针对主要因素变量对系统的相关制约原因进一步深入探究,并提出系统具体降耗措施,以期为原油集输系统节能提效提供理论参考。

一种智控型烟气余热深度回收装置的实践探索

为了解决大庆油田加热炉排烟温度高、生产能耗大的问题,在加热炉排烟系统增设智控型烟气余热深度回收装置,以加热炉进液为冷源,将排烟温度冷却至50℃以下,综合回收烟气的显热和潜热,达到深度回收烟气余热的目的,并对烟气降温过程中产生的冷凝水进行全部回收,从根本上解决了冷凝水排放问题。应用装置前后系统整体热效率分别为79.94%和87.47%,综合计算得到装置的节能率为8.35%,节能效果显著;此外,对于1.0 MW加热炉,年平均负荷率50%,年运行时间330 h,测算得到每年节约天然气4.58×10^(4) m^(3),折合7.4万元,具有良好的经济效益。

黑菊芋加工工艺设备优化与验证

为解决传统黑菊芋加工设备工序繁杂、加工周期长、加工成本高的问题,设计结构合理、可监测温湿度及气压的小型试验箱。采用控制变量法,改变试验箱开孔密度,对菊芋进行分组加工试验,结合感官评价和营养成分分析确定最佳生产条件。再以此条件对传统小型黑菊芋加工设备进行改进,对传统加工程序进行优化。改造后的黑菊芋加工设备工序减少50%,加工时间减少45%,各项生产费用节省了83%。改造后的的黑菊芋加工设备生产效率明显提升,生产成本大幅下降;同时降低了塑料制品的使用,节能减排、低碳环保。