Integrated data and energy transfer(IDET)enables the electromagnetic waves to transmit wireless energy at the same time of data delivery for lowpower devices.In this paper,an energy harvesting modulation(EHM)assisted ...Integrated data and energy transfer(IDET)enables the electromagnetic waves to transmit wireless energy at the same time of data delivery for lowpower devices.In this paper,an energy harvesting modulation(EHM)assisted multi-user IDET system is studied,where all the received signals at the users are exploited for energy harvesting without the degradation of wireless data transfer(WDT)performance.The joint IDET performance is then analysed theoretically by conceiving a practical time-dependent wireless channel.With the aid of the AO based algorithm,the average effective data rate among users are maximized by ensuring the BER and the wireless energy transfer(WET)performance.Simulation results validate and evaluate the IDET performance of the EHM assisted system,which also demonstrates that the optimal number of user clusters and IDET time slots should be allocated,in order to improve the WET and WDT performance.展开更多
Lead(Pb)-free halide perovskites have recently attracted increasing attention as potential catalysts for CO_(2) photoreduction to CO due to their potential to capture solar energy and drive catalytic reaction.However,...Lead(Pb)-free halide perovskites have recently attracted increasing attention as potential catalysts for CO_(2) photoreduction to CO due to their potential to capture solar energy and drive catalytic reaction.However,issues of the poor charge transfer still remain one of the main obstacles limiting their performance due to the overwhelming radiative and nonradiative charge-carrier recombination losses.Herein,Pb-free Sb-alloyed all-inorganic quadruple perovskite Cs_(4)Mn(Bi_(1-x)Sb_(x))_(2)Cl_(12)(0≤x≤1)is synthesized as efficient photocatalyst.By Sb alloying,the undesired relaxation of photogenerated electrons from conduction band to emission centers of[MnCl6]^(4-)is greatly suppressed,resulting in a weakened PL emission and enhanced charge transfer for photocatalyst.The ensuing Cs_(4)Mn(Bi_(1-x)Sb_(x))_(2)Cl_(12) photocatalyst accomplishes efficient conversion of CO_(2)into CO,accompanied by a surprising production of H_(2)O_(2),a high valueadded product associated with water oxidation.By optimizing Sb^(3+) concentration,a high CO evolution rate of 35.1μmol g^(-1)h^(-1)is achieved,superior to most other Pb and Pb-free halide perovskites.Our findings provide new insights into the mixed-cation alloying strategies for improved photocatalytic performance of Pb-free perovskites and shed light on the rational design of robust band structure toward efficient energy transfer.展开更多
In this paper,the hybrid photovoltaic-thermoelectric generator(PVTEG)combined dynamic voltage restorer(DVR)system is proposed for the power quality disturbances compensation in a single-phase distribution system.The s...In this paper,the hybrid photovoltaic-thermoelectric generator(PVTEG)combined dynamic voltage restorer(DVR)system is proposed for the power quality disturbances compensation in a single-phase distribution system.The stable and precise level of input voltage is essential for the smooth and trouble-free operation of the electrically sensitive loads which are connected at the utility side to avoid system malfunctions.In this context,the hybrid PV-TEG energy module combined DVR system is proposed in this paper.With the support of the hybrid energy module,the DVR will perform the power quality disturbances compensation effectively with needed voltage and/or power.In the proposed system,the PV and TEG energy sources are connected electrically in series to produce adequate voltage for the DVR operation and the fractional factor-based variable incremental conduction(FFVINC)maximum power point tracking(MPPT)control algorithm is employed to extract the possible maximum power from the PV array.The intelligent fuzzy logic controller(FLC)is chosen for implementing the MPPT control algorithm.The half-bridge voltage source inverter(VSI)circuit and in-phase voltage compensation technique are used in the DVR for better power quality disturbances compensation.The performance and usefulness of the proposed DVR system are investigated by an extensive simulation study with four different modes of operation,the study results are confirmed that the proposed system promptly identifies the power quality disturbances for compensation.Moreover,the investigation proved that the combined PV and TEG energy module can provide better energy efficiency in converting solar irradiation into electricity.展开更多
Both the level of the high-frequency eddy kinetic energy(HF-EKE) and the energy-containing scale in the upstream Kuroshio Extension(KE) undergo a well-defined decadal modulation, which correlates well with the dec...Both the level of the high-frequency eddy kinetic energy(HF-EKE) and the energy-containing scale in the upstream Kuroshio Extension(KE) undergo a well-defined decadal modulation, which correlates well with the decadal KE path variability. The HF-EKE level and the energy-containing scales will increase with unstable KE path and decrease with stable KE path. Also the mesoscale eddies are a little meridionally elongated in the stable state, while they are much zonally elongated in the unstable state. The local baroclinic instability and the barotropic instability associated with the decadal modulation of HF-EKE have been investigated. The results show that the baroclinic instability is stronger in the stable state than that in the unstable state, with a shorter characteristic temporal scale and a larger characteristic spatial scale. Meanwhile, the regional-averaged barotropic conversion rate is larger in the unstable state than that in the stable state. The results also demonstrate that the baroclinic instability is not the dominant mechanism influencing the decadal modulation of the mesoscale eddy field, while the barotropic instability makes a positive contribution to the decadal modulation.展开更多
This paper is concerned with the quasi-neutral limit of the bipolar NavierStokes-Poisson system. It is rigorously proved, by introducing the new modulated energy functional and using the refined energy analysis, that ...This paper is concerned with the quasi-neutral limit of the bipolar NavierStokes-Poisson system. It is rigorously proved, by introducing the new modulated energy functional and using the refined energy analysis, that the strong solutions of the bipolar Navier-Stokes-Poisson system converge to the strong solution of the compressible NavierStokes equations as the Debye length goes to zero. Moreover, if we let the viscous coefficients and the Debye length go to zero simultaneously, then we obtain the convergence of the strong solutions of bipolar Navier-Stokes-Poisson system to the strong solution of the compressible Euler equations.展开更多
A proton therapy(PT)facility with multiple treatment rooms based on the superconducting cyclotron scheme is under development at Huazhong University of Science and Technology(HUST).This paper attempts to describe the ...A proton therapy(PT)facility with multiple treatment rooms based on the superconducting cyclotron scheme is under development at Huazhong University of Science and Technology(HUST).This paper attempts to describe the design considerations and implementation of the PT beamline from a systematic viewpoint.Design considerations covering beam optics and the influence of high-order aberrations,beam energy/intensity modulation,and beam orbit correction are described.In addition to the technical implementation of the main beamline components and subsystems,including the energy degrader,fast kicker,beamline magnets,beam diagnostic system,and beamline control system are introduced.展开更多
The most generally used technique of load power monitoring is non-intrusive load monitoring, which requires only one device to be mounted on the bus to monitor the current parameters and the working state of various t...The most generally used technique of load power monitoring is non-intrusive load monitoring, which requires only one device to be mounted on the bus to monitor the current parameters and the working state of various types of appliances within the total load. It is required to investigate a cost-effective non-intrusive load monitoring and identification system that can perform a range of duties such as fault monitoring, energy monitoring, and fault analysis without requiring a significant number of sensing components. Measurement of electrical values of commonly used home appliances during stable operation, followed by feature extraction and electrical feature analysis to identify appliance types, can help residential users understand appliance habits and consciously reduce consumption and losses while enabling fault detection. The STM32F103RCT6 core control chip and the SUI-101 energy metering module are used in this system to monitor and evaluate load characteristics using the Modbus-RTU communication protocol. The active and reactive power of the load is measured and recorded in the learning mode;in the analysis and identification mode, the electrical parameters of the current appliance, such as current, voltage, active power, reactive power, frequency, and power factor, can be displayed in real-time, and the corresponding load can be deduced using binary simulation and the Euclidean distance matching method. The device has a short learning time and good identification accuracy for typical household appliances, according to the system test, and can satisfy the analysis and recognition of electrical appliances in a regular domestic setting. The current device design combines the advantage of cheap cost, low power consumption, and portability, making it a viable alternative for domestic appliance identification and monitoring.展开更多
The highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO) energies of fullerenes are found by quantitative first-principles calculations to be raised by negative charging, and the rising rate rank of the fullerenes is C60 >C7...The highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO) energies of fullerenes are found by quantitative first-principles calculations to be raised by negative charging, and the rising rate rank of the fullerenes is C60 >C70 >C80 >C90>C100 >C180. Then we compare fullerenes with carbon nanotubes(CNTs) and graphene sheets(GSs) and find that the increase of the HOMO energy of a fullerene is much faster than that of CNTs and graphene sheets with the same number of C atoms. The rising rate rank is fullerene>CNT>GS, which holds no matter what the number of C atoms is or which structure the fullerene isomer is. This work paves a new path for developing all-carbon devices with low-dimensional carbon nanomaterials as different functional elements.展开更多
The open-circuit voltage(Voc) of all-polymer solar cells(all-PSCs) is typically lower than 0.9 V even for the most efficient ones.Large energy loss is the main reason for limiting Voc and efficiency of all-PSCs. Herei...The open-circuit voltage(Voc) of all-polymer solar cells(all-PSCs) is typically lower than 0.9 V even for the most efficient ones.Large energy loss is the main reason for limiting Voc and efficiency of all-PSCs. Herein, through materials design using electron deficient building blocks based on bithiophene imides, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO) energy levels of polymer acceptors can be effectively tuned, which resulted in a reduced energy loss induced by charge generation and recombination loss due to the suppressed charge-transfer(CT) state absorption. Despite a negligible driving force, all-PSC based on the polymer donor and acceptor combination with well-aligned energy levels exhibited efficient charge transfer and achieved an external quantum efficiency over 70% while maintaining a large Voc of 1.02 V, leading to a 9.21% efficiency. Through various spectroscopy approaches, this work sheds light on the mechanism of energy loss in all-PSCs, which paves an avenue to achieving efficient all-PSCs with large Voc and drives the further development of all-PSCs.展开更多
Suppression of stress and crack generation during picosecond laser processing in transparent brittle materials such as glass was successfully demonstrated by a picosecond laser pulse with temporal energy modulation.Th...Suppression of stress and crack generation during picosecond laser processing in transparent brittle materials such as glass was successfully demonstrated by a picosecond laser pulse with temporal energy modulation.The origin of deterioration in processing accuracy could be interpreted in terms of the discontinuous movement of plasma in the vicinity of the focus.To reveal the effectiveness of the temporal energy modulation for smootli machining,such plasma motion was simulated by the fiidtc-d ifference time-domain method.F urt her more,photoinduced birefringence was observed using a high-speed polarization camera.展开更多
This paper considers a massive single-input multiple-output(SIMO)system,where multiple singleantenna transmitters simultaneously communicate with a receiver equipped with a large number of antennas.Different from the ...This paper considers a massive single-input multiple-output(SIMO)system,where multiple singleantenna transmitters simultaneously communicate with a receiver equipped with a large number of antennas.Different from the conventional noncoherent transceivers which require a certain level of the statistical information on the channel fading,we propose a joint transceiver design method based on machine learning,requiring a limited number of channel realizations.In the proposed method,the multiple transmitters,the channel,and the receiver are represented with a deep neural network(NN),and an autoencoder is adopted to minimize the end-to-end transmission error probability.Besides,the relationship between the number of training samples and the transmission error probability is analyzed based on the confidence interval method.Simulation results show that the proposed NN-based transceiver achieves lower transmission error probability in typical scenarios,and is more robust against the channel parameters variation compared with the existing methods.展开更多
基金supported in part by the MOST Major Research and Development Project(Grant No.2021YFB2900204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.62201123,No.62132004,No.61971102)+3 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022TQ0056)in part by the financial support of the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2022YFH0022)Sichuan Major R&D Project(Grant No.22QYCX0168)the Municipal Government of Quzhou(Grant No.2022D031)。
文摘Integrated data and energy transfer(IDET)enables the electromagnetic waves to transmit wireless energy at the same time of data delivery for lowpower devices.In this paper,an energy harvesting modulation(EHM)assisted multi-user IDET system is studied,where all the received signals at the users are exploited for energy harvesting without the degradation of wireless data transfer(WDT)performance.The joint IDET performance is then analysed theoretically by conceiving a practical time-dependent wireless channel.With the aid of the AO based algorithm,the average effective data rate among users are maximized by ensuring the BER and the wireless energy transfer(WET)performance.Simulation results validate and evaluate the IDET performance of the EHM assisted system,which also demonstrates that the optimal number of user clusters and IDET time slots should be allocated,in order to improve the WET and WDT performance.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22179072,22002070)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021QF006)+3 种基金the Outstanding Youth Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Overseas)(2022HWYQ-006)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2020QB059)the Fundamental Research Center of Artificial Photosynthesis(FReCAP)financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22088102)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M711898)。
文摘Lead(Pb)-free halide perovskites have recently attracted increasing attention as potential catalysts for CO_(2) photoreduction to CO due to their potential to capture solar energy and drive catalytic reaction.However,issues of the poor charge transfer still remain one of the main obstacles limiting their performance due to the overwhelming radiative and nonradiative charge-carrier recombination losses.Herein,Pb-free Sb-alloyed all-inorganic quadruple perovskite Cs_(4)Mn(Bi_(1-x)Sb_(x))_(2)Cl_(12)(0≤x≤1)is synthesized as efficient photocatalyst.By Sb alloying,the undesired relaxation of photogenerated electrons from conduction band to emission centers of[MnCl6]^(4-)is greatly suppressed,resulting in a weakened PL emission and enhanced charge transfer for photocatalyst.The ensuing Cs_(4)Mn(Bi_(1-x)Sb_(x))_(2)Cl_(12) photocatalyst accomplishes efficient conversion of CO_(2)into CO,accompanied by a surprising production of H_(2)O_(2),a high valueadded product associated with water oxidation.By optimizing Sb^(3+) concentration,a high CO evolution rate of 35.1μmol g^(-1)h^(-1)is achieved,superior to most other Pb and Pb-free halide perovskites.Our findings provide new insights into the mixed-cation alloying strategies for improved photocatalytic performance of Pb-free perovskites and shed light on the rational design of robust band structure toward efficient energy transfer.
文摘In this paper,the hybrid photovoltaic-thermoelectric generator(PVTEG)combined dynamic voltage restorer(DVR)system is proposed for the power quality disturbances compensation in a single-phase distribution system.The stable and precise level of input voltage is essential for the smooth and trouble-free operation of the electrically sensitive loads which are connected at the utility side to avoid system malfunctions.In this context,the hybrid PV-TEG energy module combined DVR system is proposed in this paper.With the support of the hybrid energy module,the DVR will perform the power quality disturbances compensation effectively with needed voltage and/or power.In the proposed system,the PV and TEG energy sources are connected electrically in series to produce adequate voltage for the DVR operation and the fractional factor-based variable incremental conduction(FFVINC)maximum power point tracking(MPPT)control algorithm is employed to extract the possible maximum power from the PV array.The intelligent fuzzy logic controller(FLC)is chosen for implementing the MPPT control algorithm.The half-bridge voltage source inverter(VSI)circuit and in-phase voltage compensation technique are used in the DVR for better power quality disturbances compensation.The performance and usefulness of the proposed DVR system are investigated by an extensive simulation study with four different modes of operation,the study results are confirmed that the proposed system promptly identifies the power quality disturbances for compensation.Moreover,the investigation proved that the combined PV and TEG energy module can provide better energy efficiency in converting solar irradiation into electricity.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41276026the Special Fund for Strategic Pilot Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences under contract No.XDA11020301the Joint Fund between Natural Science Foundation of China and Shandong Province under contract No.U1406401
文摘Both the level of the high-frequency eddy kinetic energy(HF-EKE) and the energy-containing scale in the upstream Kuroshio Extension(KE) undergo a well-defined decadal modulation, which correlates well with the decadal KE path variability. The HF-EKE level and the energy-containing scales will increase with unstable KE path and decrease with stable KE path. Also the mesoscale eddies are a little meridionally elongated in the stable state, while they are much zonally elongated in the unstable state. The local baroclinic instability and the barotropic instability associated with the decadal modulation of HF-EKE have been investigated. The results show that the baroclinic instability is stronger in the stable state than that in the unstable state, with a shorter characteristic temporal scale and a larger characteristic spatial scale. Meanwhile, the regional-averaged barotropic conversion rate is larger in the unstable state than that in the stable state. The results also demonstrate that the baroclinic instability is not the dominant mechanism influencing the decadal modulation of the mesoscale eddy field, while the barotropic instability makes a positive contribution to the decadal modulation.
基金supported by the Science Fund for Young Scholars of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
文摘This paper is concerned with the quasi-neutral limit of the bipolar NavierStokes-Poisson system. It is rigorously proved, by introducing the new modulated energy functional and using the refined energy analysis, that the strong solutions of the bipolar Navier-Stokes-Poisson system converge to the strong solution of the compressible NavierStokes equations as the Debye length goes to zero. Moreover, if we let the viscous coefficients and the Debye length go to zero simultaneously, then we obtain the convergence of the strong solutions of bipolar Navier-Stokes-Poisson system to the strong solution of the compressible Euler equations.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFC0105305)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11975107)the Program for HUST Academic Frontier Youth Team.
文摘A proton therapy(PT)facility with multiple treatment rooms based on the superconducting cyclotron scheme is under development at Huazhong University of Science and Technology(HUST).This paper attempts to describe the design considerations and implementation of the PT beamline from a systematic viewpoint.Design considerations covering beam optics and the influence of high-order aberrations,beam energy/intensity modulation,and beam orbit correction are described.In addition to the technical implementation of the main beamline components and subsystems,including the energy degrader,fast kicker,beamline magnets,beam diagnostic system,and beamline control system are introduced.
文摘The most generally used technique of load power monitoring is non-intrusive load monitoring, which requires only one device to be mounted on the bus to monitor the current parameters and the working state of various types of appliances within the total load. It is required to investigate a cost-effective non-intrusive load monitoring and identification system that can perform a range of duties such as fault monitoring, energy monitoring, and fault analysis without requiring a significant number of sensing components. Measurement of electrical values of commonly used home appliances during stable operation, followed by feature extraction and electrical feature analysis to identify appliance types, can help residential users understand appliance habits and consciously reduce consumption and losses while enabling fault detection. The STM32F103RCT6 core control chip and the SUI-101 energy metering module are used in this system to monitor and evaluate load characteristics using the Modbus-RTU communication protocol. The active and reactive power of the load is measured and recorded in the learning mode;in the analysis and identification mode, the electrical parameters of the current appliance, such as current, voltage, active power, reactive power, frequency, and power factor, can be displayed in real-time, and the corresponding load can be deduced using binary simulation and the Euclidean distance matching method. The device has a short learning time and good identification accuracy for typical household appliances, according to the system test, and can satisfy the analysis and recognition of electrical appliances in a regular domestic setting. The current device design combines the advantage of cheap cost, low power consumption, and portability, making it a viable alternative for domestic appliance identification and monitoring.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11374174,51390471,51527803,and 51701143the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2015CB654902+4 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program under Grant No 2016YFB0700402the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation under Grant No 201141the National Program for Thousand Young Talents of China,the Tianjin Municipal Education Commissionthe Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Commissionthe Fundamental Research Fund of Tianjin University of Technology
文摘The highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO) energies of fullerenes are found by quantitative first-principles calculations to be raised by negative charging, and the rising rate rank of the fullerenes is C60 >C70 >C80 >C90>C100 >C180. Then we compare fullerenes with carbon nanotubes(CNTs) and graphene sheets(GSs) and find that the increase of the HOMO energy of a fullerene is much faster than that of CNTs and graphene sheets with the same number of C atoms. The rising rate rank is fullerene>CNT>GS, which holds no matter what the number of C atoms is or which structure the fullerene isomer is. This work paves a new path for developing all-carbon devices with low-dimensional carbon nanomaterials as different functional elements.
基金Guo X is grateful to the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission(JCYJ20170817105905899,JCYJ20180504165709042)Sun H thanks the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21801124)+3 种基金Liu B thanks China Scholarship Council Fund(201906010074)This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21903017)the Center for Computational Science and Engineering of Southern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech)We thank Ziang Wu and Han Young Woo at Korea University for performing GIWAXS measurements,thank Dr.Yinhua Yang at the Materials Characterization and Preparation Center,SUSTech for NMR measurement.
文摘The open-circuit voltage(Voc) of all-polymer solar cells(all-PSCs) is typically lower than 0.9 V even for the most efficient ones.Large energy loss is the main reason for limiting Voc and efficiency of all-PSCs. Herein, through materials design using electron deficient building blocks based on bithiophene imides, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO) energy levels of polymer acceptors can be effectively tuned, which resulted in a reduced energy loss induced by charge generation and recombination loss due to the suppressed charge-transfer(CT) state absorption. Despite a negligible driving force, all-PSC based on the polymer donor and acceptor combination with well-aligned energy levels exhibited efficient charge transfer and achieved an external quantum efficiency over 70% while maintaining a large Voc of 1.02 V, leading to a 9.21% efficiency. Through various spectroscopy approaches, this work sheds light on the mechanism of energy loss in all-PSCs, which paves an avenue to achieving efficient all-PSCs with large Voc and drives the further development of all-PSCs.
文摘Suppression of stress and crack generation during picosecond laser processing in transparent brittle materials such as glass was successfully demonstrated by a picosecond laser pulse with temporal energy modulation.The origin of deterioration in processing accuracy could be interpreted in terms of the discontinuous movement of plasma in the vicinity of the focus.To reveal the effectiveness of the temporal energy modulation for smootli machining,such plasma motion was simulated by the fiidtc-d ifference time-domain method.F urt her more,photoinduced birefringence was observed using a high-speed polarization camera.
基金The work was supported in part by the Key Area R&D Program of Guangdong Province with Grant No.2018B030338001by the National Key R&D Program of China with Grant No.2018YFB1800800+2 种基金y Natural Science Foundation of China with grant NSFC-61629101by Guangdong Research Project No.2017ZT07X152by Shenzhen Key Lab Fund No.ZDSYS201707251409055.
文摘This paper considers a massive single-input multiple-output(SIMO)system,where multiple singleantenna transmitters simultaneously communicate with a receiver equipped with a large number of antennas.Different from the conventional noncoherent transceivers which require a certain level of the statistical information on the channel fading,we propose a joint transceiver design method based on machine learning,requiring a limited number of channel realizations.In the proposed method,the multiple transmitters,the channel,and the receiver are represented with a deep neural network(NN),and an autoencoder is adopted to minimize the end-to-end transmission error probability.Besides,the relationship between the number of training samples and the transmission error probability is analyzed based on the confidence interval method.Simulation results show that the proposed NN-based transceiver achieves lower transmission error probability in typical scenarios,and is more robust against the channel parameters variation compared with the existing methods.