The development of slag processing technology and its impact on energy-saving and emission reduction in the metallurgical industry

This study provides an overview of the production and classification of metallurgical slag and its impact on energy-saving and emission reduction in the metallurgical industry and an analysis of the impact of key factors on slag processing technology, including a brief account of blast furnace（BF） slag processing and applications with a focus on the steel slag disposal processes and the features of some typical processes. In view of the characteristics of the basic oxygen furnace （BOF） slag and the technical difficulties faced by the traditional processes,it describes the principle,features and technical advantages of the Baosteel short-flow （BSSF） steel slag treatment process developed by Baosteel. The thinking and outlook on the direction of the development of the metallurgical slag processing process are stated.

The Five-Year Plan: A new tool for energy saving and emissions reduction in China

China has achieved economic growth while great carbon emissions reduction in recent years. Amid China＇s effort to reduce emissions, the Five-Year Plans have guided and motivated local and foreign forces from the government, industries, and society to work together. This paper showed that a mediumehigh economic growth gate, industry structure adjustment, and energy structure adjustment, which are guaranteed under the Five-Year Plan, all contribute to energy saving in China. The economy entered a stable growing phase during the 12 th Five-Year Plan, while the economic growth rate declined to 7.8% from 11.2% in the 11 th Five-Year Plan. Simultaneously, the CO2 emissions growth rate declined from8.32%（2009-2012 mean） to 1.82%（2012-2014 mean）. Industrial structure adjustment canceled out nearly one-third of the CO2 emissions caused by economic growth. Under the 13 th Five-Year Plan, China will continue its energy saving efforts on the green development path, with greener quotas, a stricter implementation process, and more key projects.

Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Estimations of Electrified Railways in China

Based on the annual production data collected by the Statistic Center of the Ministry of Railways of the People＇s Republic of China, we calculated the energy saving and direct emission reductions of CO2, soot, SO2, CO, NOx and CnHm of electrified railways, and analyzed their dynamic characteristics during the period of 1975 2007. The results show that during this period, the annual mean values of energy saving is 1.23×10^6 tce, and direct emission reduction of CO2, soot, SO2, CO, NOx and CnHm are 4.267×10^6 t, 20.5×10^3 t, 3.0×10^3 t, 9.6×10^3 t, 67.9×10^3 t, and 6.9×10^3 t per year, respectively. The annual average increasing rates of energy saving is 139×10^3 tce, and direct emission reduction of CO2, soot, SO2, CO, NOx and CnHm are 483×10^3 t, 2.3×10^3 t, 0.34×10^3 t, 1.1×10^3 t, 7.7 ×10^3 t and 0.78×10^3 t per year, respectively. The electrified railways have played an important role in decreasing the energy consumption and air pollutant emissions of China＇s railway system. The results of this study could provide some reference knowledge for future reductions of energy consumption and waste gas emission in China＇s railway transportation.

Utilization of Livestock's Dejection as Biogas Origin in Building New Countryside in Heilongjiang Province--Developing Utilization of Biogas and Promoting Energy-saving and Emission Reduction

With the startup and execution of new socialistic countryside construction in Heilongjiang Province,the transition from castoff to resource is strengthened in the countryside,aiming at neat appearance of the countryside,clean production and saving energy.People produce biogas and provide the countryside with new energy by means of turning livestock＇s dejection into resources,composting of the plant and animal＇s leavings in the courtyard and even in the factory.It is helpful for the countryside to conserve the energy and reduce emission of the waste.And it also plays an important role in protecting the eco-environment,beautifying homestead and developing the ecological agriculture and so on.The liquid and solid residue in the biogas production can be reused as fertilizer for crops or food for animals after pretreatment,which is propitious to accelerate the development of the circular economy in Heilongjiang Province.

Energy savings and CO_2 emission reduction by using geothermal heat pumps

The renewable energy will play significant role in the world primary energy consumption in the future. Geothermal energy is immense with 5 000 EJ/a of technical potential, and geothermal heat pumps (GHPs) are one of the fastest growing applications of renewable energy in the world with annual increases of 10 % and much faster in China. With high coefficient of performance (COP) up to 6, GHPs make efficiency of primary energy more than 240 % with assumed a 40 % of electricity generation efficiency, which means energy savings and CO2 emission reduction. In this paper,the geothermal resources and its utilization are talked about, and GHPs technology was introduced. Due to its high efficiency, there will be energy savings by using GHPs. There is also CO2 emission reduction because of using geothermal heat pumps, which is analyzed in the end.

A research of green taxation policy for promoting energy saving and emission reduction

It's been proved by theory and practice that taxation policy is one of the important means of realizing energy saving and emission reduction. The green taxation system in the Western countries has got better effects in energy saving and environmental protection. In the recent years, China has in succession released some taxation policies promoting energy saving and emission reduction, but still has a huge gap to meet the real needs of energy saving and emission reduction. By analyzing China's status quo of the polices of energy saving and emission reduction and drawing upon experiences of the developed countries about green taxation, this paper presents how to perfect ideas of China's energy saving and emission reduction taxation policies: adjusting taxes relevant to green taxation in the current taxation system, such as resource tax, consumer tax, and so on; collecting new environmental tax; perfecting the preferential taxation policies for the energy saving and environmental protection industries.

A multi-objective train-scheduling optimization model considering locomotive assignment and segment emission constraints for energy saving

Energy saving and emission reduction for railway systems should not only be studied from a technical perspective but should also be focused on management and economics. On the basis of relevant trainscheduling models for train operation management, in this paper we introduce an extended multi-objective trainscheduling optimization model considering locomotive assignment and segment emission constraints for energy saving. The objective of setting up this model is to reduce the energy and emission cost as well as total passenger- time. The decision variables include continuous variables such as train arrival and departure time, and binary vari- ables such as locomotive assignment and segment occu- pancy. The constraints are concerned with train movement, trip time, headway, and segment emission, etc. To obtain a non-dominated satisfactory solution on these objectives, a fuzzy multi-objective optimization algorithm is employed to solve the model. Finally, a numerical example is performed and used to compare the proposed model with the existing model. The results show that the proposed model can reduce the energy consumption, meet exhausts emission demands effectively by optimal locomotive assignment, and its solution methodology is effective.

Study on Objectives and Strategies for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction in Transportation Industry during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period in Beijing

Facing increasing passenger and cargo transport demand and limited re-source in the 13th Five-Year period, how to make a breakthrough and substantial progress has become a key issue on planning and the Top-level Design. In this paper we judged and analyzed the current development and potential demand of the energy saving and emission reduction in Beijing traffic industry. Through application of energy and emission prediction model which based on the vehicle activity data, the development goals of “one drop, double control, and triple upgrade” have been put forward. In order to achieve the goal, “5 + 1” development strategies should be implemented, and we also proposed the thinking and recommendations on sustainable development of transportation.

Design and Application of Third-order Denitration Online Control Technology

In order to alleviate the pressure of environmental protection and further strengthen the monitoring and control of NOx emission of thermal power units, combining with the transformation of boiler low-nitrogen burner, combustion optimization, static and dynamic ratio of air and coal, and SCR denitration system process, third-order NOx online control technology was designed and applied, which takes the combustion security, boiler efficiency and environmental evaluation into account and provide reference for thermal power units to deepen energy conservation and emission reduction.

Evaluation of Energy-Efficiency Standards for Room Air Conditioners in the US

This article describes an analysis of the energy and economic impacts of possible energy efficiency standards for room air conditioners on both U.S. consumers and the nation as a whole. We used two metrics to determine the effect of standards on a representative sample of U.S. consumers: life-cycle cost change and payback period. For the national impact analysis, we evaluated national energy savings attributable to each potential standard, the monetary value of the energy savings to consumers of room air conditioners, the increased total installed costs because of standards, and the net present value of the difference between the value of energy savings and increased total installed costs. Our analysis indicates that standards for room air conditioners at efficiency level 3, which is 17% more efficient than today’s typical unit in the case of room air conditioners less than 6000 Btu/h with louvers and 12% more efficient in the case of room air conditioners 8000 - 13,999 Btu/h with louvers, would save close to one quad of energy over 30 years and have a net present value of consumer benefit of between ?$0.14 billion and $1.82 billion, depending on the discount rate. In addition, such standards would reduce carbon dioxide emissions and NOx emissions.

A Self-Powered Energy-Saving Epidemic Prevention Tent

The current situation of the epidemic is complex and changeable.Under the China adherence to the“dynamic zero clearance,”epidemic prevention and control is closely related to all walks of life,and epidemic prevention awning has become one of the essential basic epidemic prevention facilities.However,most of the epidemic awnings are manufactured for the isolation and protection from wind and rain,which could not meet the needs of electricity allocation during emergencies.Therefore,our goal is to design a new energy-saving epidemic prevention tent that is green,stable,and easy to shrink.It is equipped with multiple energy storage and multivariate methods to achieve self-supply of electric energy.First the“1+1”arrangement design of solar power panels on the anti-epidemic tent and pressure power panels combined with the design of pressure power panels under the tent can receive various energy inputs.At the same time,retractable brackets are designed under the four pillars,which are easy to fold and enhance the stability of the canopy.The utilization of energy is more diversified to achieve the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction.Its market value is broad,and the development prospect is good.

绿色技术创新对我国碳减排的影响——基于省级区域面板数据的实证分析

为了早日实现“碳达峰碳中和目标”,我国提出要建立健全绿色低碳循环发展的经济体系,而绿色技术创新是推动绿色高质量发展的关键核心,也是解决我国现实生态环境问题的重要支撑。为了研究绿色技术创新对地区碳减排的影响机制,文章基于我国30个省份2011-2020年的面板数据构建固定效应模型,并检验了能源利用率的中介机制和地方政府竞争的调节作用。研究发现,绿色技术创新可以显著促进碳减排,但这一促进作用在我国东部地区最显著,而在中部地区和西部地区不显著;进一步研究发现,绿色技术创新可以通过提高能源利用率促进碳减排,但地方政府竞争对绿色技术创新的促进作用起到负向调节作用。本研究为提高我国绿色技术创新能力、助力“双碳目标”的实现以及促进地方政府有序竞争提供了理论支撑和对策建议。

环境补贴能提升企业碳绩效吗--基于A股上市公司实证分析

环境补贴既是国家实现“双碳”目标的宏观调控手段,也是减轻企业环保负担、引导企业节能减排的推动力。选取2014~2019年接受环境补贴的1094家A股上市公司3735个观测值作为研究样本,采用双向固定效应模型,实证探究环境补贴对企业碳绩效的影响。研究表明,环境补贴与企业碳绩效显著正相关且具有滞后性特征,异质性检验发现,成立时间长的企业、国有企业、东部地区与中低污染企业环境补贴作用效果显著;进一步研究发现,环境补贴中的节能减排补贴与企业碳绩效显著正相关,环境治理补贴对企业碳绩效起负向作用。据此,提出环境补贴应以降碳为重点、减污降碳协同增效为目的等建议。

外部技术网络嵌入、知识重组能力与制造企业节能减排

在加快发展方式绿色转型的战略部署下,作为绿色转型的关键实施主体,制造企业不断利用网络嵌入和知识重组以促进其在能源消耗和污染排放工作的平稳、有序推进。本文以中国制造业A股上市公司为研究对象,收集整理企业联合申请发明专利数据,采用社会网络分析软件对外部技术网络嵌入的技术网络地位和网络有效规模进行测算,基于“外部合作-知识重组-节能减排”的逻辑思路分别探索外部技术网络嵌入对制造企业节能减排的直接效应,以及从知识重组视角探讨知识再创造和知识再利用在其中的中介作用。结果表明:技术网络地位和网络有效规模显著有利于降低合作企业的能源消耗和污染排放,知识重组能力在技术网络地位与网络有效规模对节能减排的影响中存在显著中介作用。据此提出相应的管理启示以提高制造企业节能减排成效,为推进“统筹发展与绿色低碳转型,深入实施绿色制造”提供一定的经验证据。

绿色低碳型印染企业生产成本有效控制探讨

进入低碳时代,印染行业更需要进行成本控制,文中从节能减排、劳动力成本、染料与助剂成本、化验室成本、管理成本这5个方面逐一进行分析。指出改进印染设备运行及对中水进行回用,可达到节能减排的目的;印染生产全过程推行全自动化控制可减少劳动力成本;针对面料的不同以及客户要求的差别化,合理选择染料与助剂,可降低染化料成本;化验室技术人员精心控制工艺配方的成本,不断对工艺流程进行改革创新,并应用计算机信息技术提高综合业务水平,可有效降低生产成本;生产管理者采用精益管理方式,可降低管理成本。

可再生能源技术创新的减排效应:空间溢出与门槛特征

可再生能源技术创新是实现绿色低碳发展的重要动力。基于2003—2020年我国30个省份的面板数据,构建固定效应模型分析可再生能源技术创新对碳排放的影响及区域异质性,采用空间杜宾模型探究其空间溢出效应,并通过门槛回归模型检验可再生能源技术创新对碳排放的非线性影响。研究发现:就全国而言,可再生能源技术创新显著抑制碳排放;分区域来看,可再生能源技术创新的碳减排效应在东部地区显著,但在中部、西部及东北地区不显著;空间上,可再生能源技术创新不仅降低本地区的碳排放,同时促进邻近地区的碳减排;可再生能源技术创新对碳排放存在人口规模、研发投入、环境规制的门槛效应,较高的人口规模和研发投入、较低的环境规制可以强化可再生能源技术创新对碳减排的促进作用。

驾驶行为分类方法及量化评估综述

对驾驶行为分类方法及量化评估进行综述,首先阐述了驾驶行为的涵义及表征方法,然后将驾驶行为分类方法划分为基于统计特性的分类方法、基于机器学习的分类方法、混合式(组合、集成)分类方法三大类,并对不同的驾驶行为分类方法的代表算法、优点及局限性等进行系统归纳和总结,其次,从多个维度对驾驶行为的量化评估研究进行系统介绍,最后介绍了驾驶行为分类及量化评估研究成果在多个领域的应用现状及前景展望。

投入固定视角下的中国城市节能减排分析

基于最小调整策略的固定投入和DEA模型得到均衡前沿面,提出了节能减排绩效测量模型和综合效率测量模型,对中国城市节能减排效率开展了研究.结果表明,在考虑土地利用的情况下,中国城市的节能减排效率显著降低;中国城市土地供不应求问题逐步得到改善,但土地供需缺口依然较大;五线城市的土地利用效率不高,但是节能减排效率却呈逐年递增;85%的样本城市没能实现土地利用和节能减排的双赢.研究结果为政府在宏观和中观层面制定城市经济可持续发展政策提供了一定的理论和现实依据.

北京市大学生碳足迹现状及碳中和意愿研究

该文从多个维度分析北京大学生碳足迹现状,深入挖掘大学生碳中和意愿及其影响因素。通过问卷调查、深度访谈等方法对北京市高校学生衣食住行等现状和碳中和意愿进行调研,运用因子分析法基于调研数据对学生碳足迹进行计算和评估,通过Matlab、anova1函数、回归模型等对调研结果进行数据挖掘和因果关联分析,探究其相关影响因素。结果显示:在8个影响因素的基础上,20个因子能更好地刻画原始数据信息。对20个因子进行多元线性回归分析,拟合度得到显著改善。回归结果表明环保意识、碳中和态度等多个因子对低碳生活认同产生了显著影响。根据以上研究对高校碳中和提出在交通、水电、饮食及宣传方面的可行性建议。

基于清洁供热与IDC排热的能源综合利用系统应用探讨

统筹协调各种能源互补特性,通过“源-网-荷-储”等各环节灵活配置,实现能源就地消纳,提升系统综合利用能效,并结合西安市某工程案例对系统应用情况进行了节能及经济性分析。结果表明:与传统方案相比,系统每年可节约标准煤171.92万t,减排二氧化碳428.6万t、二氧化硫2.84万t、氮氧化物2.68万t、烟尘1.65万t,且数据中心电能利用效率(PUE)为1.248,实际案例财务净现值64397.47万元,静态投资回收期4.43 a,动态投资回收期6.25 a。具有显著的节能性和经济性,可为相关区域能源综合利用系统规划项目提供参考。