夏热冬暖地区窗墙比和体形系数对宾馆建筑能耗影响分析及节能潜力研究

夏热冬暖地区是我国经济和建筑产业最发达的地区之一,也是建筑能耗最多的地区之一。星级酒店作为公共建筑主体之一,建筑能源消耗不容忽视。分析和研究夏热冬暖地区宾馆建筑能耗的特点对建筑节能有重要的意义。用Dest建筑能耗模拟软件模拟夏热冬暖气候下宾馆建筑体形系数和窗墙比对建筑能耗的影响,得出不同体形系数下窗墙比在一定范围内变化时,相应建筑能耗变化趋势,以及同一窗墙比下体形系数变化对建筑能耗的影响。以某实际建筑案例进行节能潜力分析,得出在原来基础上建筑能耗节能率。

Construction of the Comprehensive Energy Consumption Assessment Model for Star-rated Hotels and the Difference Analysis

Recent years have witnessed a rapid development of star-rated hotels in China, especially high- end star-rated hotels. Consequently, there are now approximately12 000 hotels in China. One bottleneck within the industry is its huge energy consumption and carbon emissions, but the development of a comprehensive energy consumption assessment has lagged. Here, a comprehensive energy consumption and carbon emission model suitable for hospitality is established, using comprehensive data collected for hotels over six years and with reference to general international methods, decomposition analysis methods as recommended by the IPCC, and related standards in China. Our study shows that the maximum comparable unit energy consumption per building area among four- and five-star hotels is 73.26 kg ce m-2 y-l. Through energy-saving reconstruction, the comprehensive energy consumption of five-star hotels has declined by 4.1% in six years and is smaller than the advanced comparable value of 55 kg ce m2 y4. The comparable unit energy consumption per area building of most two- and three-star hotels （53 kg ce m2 y-l） is higher than the reasonable value. There are large numbers of hotels of this type in China and the potential energy savings are huge. Analyzing factors of energy consumption, we found that indirect carbon emissions from electricity usage are the most significant. From an energy consumption structural perspective, Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning （HVAC） System accounts for most energy consumption. This research provides a foundation for further examination of energy-savings, emission reduction plans and Monitoring Reporting Verification （MRV） in the hospitality sector.

Investigation of thermal environment and the associated energy consumption of transportation buildings along the expressways in the cold region of China:A case study

The transportation buildings alongside the expressways(TBE)have comprehensive characteristics,providing shopping and accommodations for drivers and passengers.However,the indoor thermal environment and energy consumption of such service buildings was not covered in most studies.To this end,based on some typical TBEs,this study investigated the thermal environment and energy consumption characteristics for TBEs.And the men-tioned TBEs are located in Xiong’an New Area,a national special zone with requirements of low carbon and low energy consumption in China’s cold region.The thermal environment study included questionnaire survey and on-site investigation by adopting dynamic thermal comfort evaluation index(i.e.,Relative Warmth Index(RWI)and Heat Deficit Rate(HDR)).Then,the TBE energy consumption was investigated with the main influencing factor analyses.Finally,numerical simulations were conducted to analyze the energy efficiency approaches in TBE.The results showed that RWI and HDR were able to evaluate the thermal comfort of personnel in transi-tional environment of TBE in winter.Meanwhile,when the room temperature was set as 16℃,it was still able to maintain the thermal environment for the indoor staff.The main energy influencing factors of TBEs are building scale,system equipment and usage characteristics.Besides,it was practicable to adopt the heat pump system to replace conventional space heating and cooling system,of which the total energy consumption of geothermal heat pump reduced by 38.1%.