Efficient heavy metal recycling and water reuse from industrial wastewater using new reusable and inexpensive polyphenylene sulfide derivatives

Heavy metal(HM)pollution is a serious environment problem.Recovering HM from industrial wastewater by efficient adsorbents is a sustainable method due to recycling HM and acquiring reusable water.However,popular efficient adsorbents are usually expensive or non-reusable.In this paper,methods of efficient HM recycling and water reuse from industrial wastewater were developed using efficient adsorbents,new polyphenylene sulfide derivatives,which are recyclable and stable in an acidic,alkaline or oxidative aqueous solution.Moreover,they can efficiently and quickly adsorb HM ions.The maximum adsorption capacities of these adsorbents for HM ions are at the range from 51.3-184.2 mg·g^(-1).The adsorption equilibrium times of them for HM ions are at the range from 10 to 80 min.Therefore,this paper suggests sustainable methods of HM recovery and water reuse from industrial wastewater.

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly (Aryl Ether Ketone) from Bis-1,4-(4-Chlorobenzoyl) Benzene

A new poly (aryl ether ketone) was successfully synthesized by nucleophilic substitution of bis-1,4-(4-chlorobenzoyl) benzene (BCBB) by 1,2-dihydro-4-(4-hydroxy phenyl) (2H)phthatazin-1-one (DHPZ) in appropriate condition. The polymer was characterized by FT-IR, H-1-NMR, DSC and TGA etc.

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly (Ether Sulfone Ketone) Containing the Phthalazinone Moiety

A novel poly (ether sulfone ketone) containing the phthalazinone moiety was prepared by the reaction of 4-)4-hydroxyphenyl) (2H) phthalazin-1-one with activated dichloro-monomers. The polymer was characterized by FT-IR, H-1-NMR, DSC, TGA and X-ray diffraction.

Measurement Method of Internal Residual Stress in Plastic Parts Using Terahertz Spectroscopy

Since internal residual stress in polymers causes dimension errors over time,a measurement method for residual stress in polymers,especially in opaque engineering plastics,is strongly required.In this study,we propose to utilize terahertz(THz)spectroscopy to non-destructively measure internal residual stress in polymers.To verify the validity of the proposed method,we manufactured polytetrafluoroethylene ring samples with and without residual stress,and studied them with THz time domain spectroscopy system.THz spectra of samples without residual stress showed almost no polarization difference,whereas spectra of samples with residual stress showed clear polarization difference.Dimension changes between the samples with and without residual stress were also estimated and it was found that the change had a correlation with THz polarization difference.These experimental analyses confirm the validity for the proposed non-destructive measurement of residual stress in polymer.

Thermal-structural analysis of regeneratively-cooled thrust chamber wall in reusable LOX/Methane rocket engines

To predict the thermal and structural responses of the thrust chamber wall under cyclic work,a 3-D fluid-structural coupling computational methodology is developed.The thermal and mechanical loads are determined by a validated 3-D finite volume fluid-thermal coupling computational method.With the specified loads,the nonlinear thermal-structural finite element analysis is applied to obtaining the 3-D thermal and structural responses.The Chaboche nonlinear kinematic hardening model calibrated by experimental data is adopted to predict the cyclic plastic behavior of the inner wall.The methodology is further applied to the thrust chamber of LOX/Methane rocket engines.The results show that both the maximum temperature at hot run phase and the maximum circumferential residual strain of the inner wall appear at the convergent part of the chamber.Structural analysis for multiple work cycles reveals that the failure of the inner wall may be controlled by the low-cycle fatigue when the Chaboche model parameter c3= 0,and the damage caused by the thermal-mechanical ratcheting of the inner wall cannot be ignored when c3〉 0.The results of sensitivity analysis indicate that mechanical loads have a strong influence on the strains in the inner wall.