Nanotechnoscience as Combination of the Natural and Engineering Sciences

This paper discusses the methodological specialty of the theoretical investigation in the nanotechnology. In the nanotechnoscience, on the one hand, similar with the classical natural science are created explanatory schemes of the natural phenomena and formulated predictions of the course of the definite natural events on the basis of mathematics and experimental data, and on the other, as in the engineering sciences are constructed not only the projects of the new experimental situations but also structural schemes of the new nanosystem unknown in nature and technology. The operation of nanotheory is realized by the iteration method. At first a special engineering problem is formulated. Then it is represented in the form of the structural scheme of the nanosystem which is transformed into the idea about the natural process reflecting its performance. To calculate and mathematically model this process a functional scheme is constructed. Consequently, the engineering problem is reformulated into a scientific one and then into a mathematical problem solved by the deductive method. This path from the bottom to the top represents the analysis of schemes （the bottom up approach）. The way in the opposite direction--the synthesis of schemes （the top down approach）--makes it possible to synthesize the ideal model of a new nanosystem from idealized structural elements, according to the appropriate rules of deductive transformation, to calculate basic parameters of the nanosystem and simulate its function. Nanotechnology is at the same time a field of scientific knowledge and a sphere of engineering activity, in other words--nanotechnoscience--similar with systems engineering as the analysis and design of large-scale, complex, man-machine systems, but now as micro- and nanosystems. Scanning tunneling microscope in the nanoexperiment is not only an arrangement of scientific investigation but also at the same time a facility to fabricate the electrically conducting bridges between an electrode and the selected nanotubes and computer modeling and the design of different artifacts.

On the applicability of the‘humic acids’nomenclature from natural ecosystems to engineering sciences

‘Humic acids(HA)’are the major constituents of natural organic matter(NOM)derived from the plant or biological residues by decomposition and synthesis in natural ecosystems.They have been defined as relatively high molecular weight aggregates of macromolecules associations with series of highly reactive functional compounds,and considered to be as irreplaceable roles(such as the impact on global carbon and nitrogen dynamics,atmosphere,living plants,chemically reactive and NOM structure stabilization)in natural ecosystems[1].

Molecular Dynamics (MD) Applications in Materials Science and Engineering and Nanotechnology

Molecular dynamics (MD) is a computer simulation technique that helps to explore the behavior and properties of molecules and atoms. MD has been used in research and development in many spaces, including materials science and engineering and nanotechnology. MD has been proven useful in topics like the nano-engineering of construction materials, correcting graphene planar defects, studying self-assembling bio-materials, and the densification, consolidation, and sintering of nanocrystalline materials.

Science and reflections: With some thoughts to young applied scientists and engineers

I provide some science and reflections from my experiences working in geophysics,along with connections to computational and data sciences,including recent developments in machine learning.I highlight several individuals and groups who have influenced me,both through direct collaborations as well as from ideas and insights that I have learned from.While my reflections are rooted in geophysics,they should also be relevant to other computational scientific and engineering fields.I also provide some thoughts for young,applied scientists and engineers.

Current Situation Analysis and Enhancement Countermeasures of Resilience of College Polytechnic Students under the Perspective of Positive Psychology

The problem of the mental health education of college students is related to the quality of their education,and the improvement of the level of resilience provides a new perspective for enhancing the effectiveness of the mental health education of science and engineering students.With the investigation of science and engineering graduate students of a university in Guangxi,the resilience level of graduate students of science and engineering was investigated.Through the investigation,it is found that the overall resilience of science and engineering students is in the upper middle level,and the internal manpower and external support scores are high,and the two are significantly related;there are certain differences between the dimensions of internal manpower and external support,and the tutor guidance style and family relationship will significantly affect the resilience of science and engineering students.

Scientific and Engineering Progress in CO_2 Minerali zation Using Industrial Waste and Natural Minerals

The issues of reducing CO_2 levels in the atmo-sphere, sustainably utilizing natural mineral resources,and dealing with indus trial waste offer challenging opportunities for sustainable development in energy and the environment. The latest advances in CO_2 mineralization technology involving natural minerals and industrial waste are summarized in this paper, with great emphasis on the advancement of fundamental science, economic evaluation, and engineering applications. We discuss several lead-ing large-scale CO_2 mineralization methodologies from a techn ical and engineering-science perspective. For each technology option, we give an overview of the technical parameters, reaction pathway, reactivity, procedural scheme, and laboratorial and pilot devices. Furthermore, we present a discussion of each technology based on experimental results and the literature. Finally, current gaps in knowledge are identified in the conclusion, and an overview of the challenges and opportunities for future research in this field is provided.

中国英文学术期刊品牌建设的路径思考--以Water Science and Engineering国际化实践为例

文章阐述了我国英文学术期刊品牌建设面临的挑战,并以英文刊Water Science and Engineering的品牌建设实践为例,分析了我国英文学术期刊品牌建设的有效路径。研究表明,英文学术期刊可以从找准定位和特色、控制学术质量、构建融媒体新生态环境、依靠专家资源以及坚持中国特色的国际合作等方面,加强期刊的品牌建设,建立期刊在国际学术和出版领域的影响力和权威性,从而为中国创办的英文学术期刊争取更多的国际话语权。

Scoping biology-inspired chemical engineering

Biology is a rich source of great ideas that can inspire us to find successful ways to solve the challenging problems in engineering practices including those in the chemical industry. Bio-inspired chemical engineering(Bio Ch E)may be recognized as a significant branch of chemical engineering. It may consist of, but not limited to, the following three aspects: 1) Chemical engineering principles and unit operations in biological systems; 2) Process engineering principles for producing existing or developing new chemical products through living ‘devices';and 3) Chemical engineering processes and equipment that are designed and constructed through mimicking(does not have to reproduce one hundred percent) the biological systems including their physical–chemical and mechanical structures to deliver uniquely beneficial performances. This may also include the bio-inspired sensors for process monitoring. In this paper, the above aspects are defined and discussed which establishes the scope of BioChE.

Evolution process of rock mass engineering system using systems science

The rock mass engineering system （RMES） basically consists ofrock mass engineering （RME）, water system and surroundingecological environments, etc. The RMES is characterized by nonlinearity,occurrence of chaos and self-organization （Tazaka, 1998;Tsuda, 1998; Kishida, 2000）. From construction to abandonmentof RME, the RMES will experience four stages, i.e. initial phase,development phase, declining phase and failure phase. In thiscircumstance, the RMES boundary conditions, structural safetyand surrounding environments are varied at each phase, so arethe evolution characteristics and disasters （Wang et al., 2014）.

Cultivation of Innovation Ability of Students in the Discipline of Food Science and Engineering from the Perspective of Engineering Professional Certification

Cultivating the top-notch innovative talents is an essential task for connotative construction of higher education.As an applicationoriented discipline,the Discipline of Food Science and Engineering attaches great importance to the cultivation of innovation ability of college students.For a long time,however,the discipline education has problems of the inverted teaching subject position,weak coordination ability and single practice mode.The support for the cultivation of innovation ability is weak and ineffective.Therefore,in the context of professional certification of engineering education,it is necessary to make reform of traditional education mode and improve the carrier support and target acquisition taking the Outcomes-based Education(OBE)as guide,the innovation ability cultivation as objective,to provide effective guarantee for cultivation of the top-notch talents.These have become issues that should not be ignored in the development of the Discipline of Food Science and Engineering.

Prolog to the Special Section on Systems Science and Engineering

In the last decade and more, systems engineering and systems sciencehave been rapidly developed and applied in China. Scientists and ex-perts involved have achieved remarkable successes both in developingtheories of systems science and in promoting applications of systemsengineering. In theories, they not only have advanced a clear and com-