Enhancement Effects of Three Rare Earth Elements on the Growth of Chaetoceros Mulleri

Enhancement effects of rare earth elements on the growth of Chaetoceros mulleri is studied in this paper. The results show that all of the light, middle and heavy rare earth elements have similar enhancement effect on the growth of Chaetoceros mulleri, with the beneficial concentrations of La, Gd and Yb being 7.28～87.40 μ mol/L, 6.36～57.23 μ mol/L and 5.78～17.34 μ mol/L. The optimum concentrations of La, Gd and Yb are 7.28 ～50.98 μ mol/L,31.80～44.52 μ m ol/L and 5.78～17.34 1μ mol/L, respectively. When the concentrations of La, Gd and Yb are 7.28～87.40 μ mol/L, 6.36～57.23 μ mol/L and 5.78～ 17,34 μ mol/L, the concentrations of chlorophyll have increased by 9.3～47.0%, 33.4～44.3%, and 36.5～40.3%, respectively as compared with the control group. The mechanism of enhancement of rare earth elements on the growth ot Chaetoceros mulleri is also discussed in this paper.

Interaction between the Wilms tumour factor-1 element in the promoter of Amh and a downstream enhancer is required for a strong expression of the gene in pre-pubertal sertoli cells

Amh (anti-Müllerian hormone) is a single copy gene which is expressed strongly in Sertoli cells in the foetal testis and participates in the onset of sexual differentiation. Its promoter driving the expression of a reporter gene (d2EGFP) has been used to analyse the role of certain defined putative elements and a downstream enhancer element in gene expression. These experiments were carried out in vitro using a line of pre-pubertal mouse Sertoli cells, transienly transfected with circular DNA constructs with variously mutated promoter elements. A downstream enhancer element, situated immediately 3’ of the polyadenylation (PA) signal for Amh, has been inserted in an equivalent position in the d2EGFP construct. When the Amh promoter is unmodified, the downstream enhancer (DE) is positively associated with a large increase in EGFP expression. This is at least partly the consequence of an increased rate of expression by individual cells. Experiments using variously truncated Amh promoters indicate that an upstream region (-214 to -336) may play a minor role in facilitating enhancement. However mutation of the Wilms tumour factor-1 element, situated between the tata box and the start of translation, results in an almost complete suppression of enhancement.

Construction of retroviral vector carrying HSV tk gene under control of human AFP enhancer core sequence and human pgk promotor *

AIM Tenstruct retroviral vector bringing HSV tk gene under control by human AFP enhancer core sequence and human pgk promotor.

Chemical characteristics of aerosols at coastal station in Hong Kong.Ⅱ. Environmental behavior of trace elements during the April 1995 to April 1996

An one-year of sampling aerosol program was carried out during the period of April 1995 to April 1996 at coastal region, Cape D′Aguilar, in Hong Kong. The trace element composition of aerosol particles(TSP and PM 10 ) were measured and analyzed by using the Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis(INAA) and Inductive Couple Plasma-Mass Spectrometry(ICP-MS) techniques. The results showed that the polluted elements such as: V, Zn, As, Pb, Cd, Sb, I, Se, Bi, with high enrichment factor(E.F) values, are derived from anthropogenic sources, while Sc, Al, Fe, Mn, Sm, La, Sr are less than 10 in E.F, these elements are related the crust and soil. The concentration of the trace elements are present seasonal variation i.e. summer low and winter high, whereas the V or noncrustal V(V *) present summer high and winter low, this phenomenon might be explained by local or regional oil combustion sources. Use three type of elemental ratio, e.g. La/Sm, Mn */V * and Bi/Al indicate that both TSP and PM 10 of La/Sm ratios are mainly related to soil and dust, Mn */V * are probably represent fossil combustion and Bi/Al are possibly associated with refuse incineration, ferromanganese alloys and aluminum production. The varimax rotation factor analysis for trace elements was performed. By means of the absolute principal component analysis(APCA) and multiple regression, the contribution of trace elements to possible sources and overall means of trace elements were estimated. The results showed that the present station is impacted by the anthropogenic species, although the quantities are different during the summertime and wintertime.

Bandwidth-enhanced dual-polarized antenna with improved broadband integrated balun and distributed parasitic element

A bandwidth-enhanced dual-polarized antenna is proposed for 2/3/4/5G applications,which is composed of distributed parasitic elements(DPEs),a main radiator,two improved broadband integrated baluns and a reflector.First,a novel tooth-shape shorted slot line in the improved broadband integrated balun is analyzed to adjust the input impedance of the antenna.Then,DPEs with 2×2 circular plates loading over the main radiator are proposed to improve broadband impedance matching and radiation pattern.By utilizing impedance compensation of the tooth-shaped shorted slot line and the electromagnetic induction of the DPEs,the antenna achieves an enhanced impedance bandwidth and a stable radiation pattern.To verify these ideas,the bandwidth-enhanced dual-polarized antenna was fabricated and measured.The experimental results indicate that the proposed antenna achieves an operating bandwidth of 72.2%(1.69 to 3.60 GHz)with a return loss(RL)less than-15 dB and a port-to-port isolation(ISO)larger than 30 dB.The antenna obtains a half-power beamwidth(HPBW)within(66±5)°and a gain within(9.0±0.6)dBi in the 2/3/4G bands,and an HPBW within(61.5±2.5)°and a gain within(9.8±0.3)dBi in the 5G band.Across the whole band,the cross-polarization discrimination(XPD)and the front-to-back ratio are both larger than 20 dB.

数据要素赋能、质态变迁与制造业新质生产力

新发展格局下,制造业新质生产力不仅取决于数据要素赋能,而且受到开放型经济新体制中质态变迁的影响。利用2010—2022年中国制造业面板数据,探讨数据要素赋能与质态变迁对制造业新质生产力的影响。在区分数据要素赋能类型的基础上纳入质态变迁,结果发现,数据要素偏向型赋能引致的质态变迁无法持续承接全球价值链中高端技术革命性突破,会阻碍制造业创新发展,因而对制造业新质生产力的促进作用不显著。数据要素增强型赋能引致的质态变迁能够大幅提升制造业生产系统的复杂性,以及制造业创新系统的前沿性,促进创新发展动力演化,对中国制造业新质生产力发挥显著正向作用。

Enhancement of natural convection heat transfer from a fin by triangular perforation of bases parallel and toward its tip

This study examines the heat transfer enhancement from a horizontal rectangular fin embedded with triangular perforations （their bases parallel and toward the fin tip） under natural convection. The fin＇s heat dissipation rate is compared to that of an equivalent solid one. The parameters considered are geometrical dimensions and thermal properties of the fin and the perforations. The gain in the heat transfer enhancement and the fin weight reduction due to the perforations are considered. The study shows that the heat dissipation from the perforated fin for a certain range of triangular perforation dimensions and spaces between perforations result in improvement in the heat transfer over the equivalent solid fin. The heat transfer enhancement of the perforated fin increases as the fin thermal conductivity and its thickness are increased.

Fluorescence and cofluorescence enhancement of Tb(Ⅲ) complexes with pyromellitic acid by M (M = Gd, La, Ca, and Sr ions)

Fluorescence and cofluorescence properties of Tb(Ⅲ) solid complexes werestudied using pyromellitic acid (PMA) as ligand and fluorescence inert ions as doping elements. Thecofluorescence enhancement, a result of ligand sensitized fluorescence, was observed in Tb(Ⅲ) solidcomplexes doped with fluorescent inert ions La(Ⅲ), Gd(Ⅲ), Ca(Ⅲ), and Sr(Ⅲ). The effect of thetype and content of doping elements on fluorescence enhancement was studied, and optimum conditionswere determined. The results show that Gd (La, Ca, Sr) has clear cofluorescence effect in solidcomplex Tb-M-PMA system, and in present work, rare earth complex fluorescent powder that emitsbright green fluorescence at ultraviolet excitation was obtained, which had potential application asfluorescent anti-counterfeit ink.

ANALYSIS OF THE HEAT TRANSFER IN FIN ASSEMBLIES BY THE BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD

The special formulation that allows an accurate and efficient solution to the heat transfer problems within fin assemblies with very large aspect ratios has been developed in this paper Numerically,it consists of the boundary element method in the wall region and the analytical solution in the fin region This modified BEM makes tractable a large class of heat transfer problems in the long and thin domains which are frequently encountered in practice.

18-DOF Triangular Quasi-Conforming Element for Couple Stress Theory

The basic idea of quasi-conforming method is that the strain-dis-placement equations are weakened as well as the equilibrium equations.In this paper,an 18-DOF triangular element for couple stress theory is proposed within the framework of quasi-conforming technique.The formulation starts from truncated Taylor expansion of strains and appropriate interpolation functions are chosen to calculate strain integration.This element satisfies C0 continuity with second order accuracy and weak C1 continuity simultaneously.Numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed model can pass the C0??1 patch test and has high accuracy.The element does not exhibit extra zero energy modes and can capture the scale effects of microstructure.

FEM Model of the Temperature Distribution in the Brain during Enhanced Infrared Neural Stimulation Using Nanoparticles

Objectives: Enhanced infrared neural stimulation (EINS) using nanoparticles is a new research hotspot. In this paper, the numerical modeling of the interaction between a light source and brain tissue during EINS is studied. Materials and Methods: This model is built with the finite element method (FEM) to mimic the propagation and absorption of light in brain tissue with EINS. Only the thermal change is considered in this model since the photothermal effect is the main mechanism of EINS. The temperature response of brain irradiation is governed by the extensively used Pennes’ bio-heat equation in a multilayer model. Results: The temperature distribution in the brain under laser irradiation is determined. And the relationships between the brain tissue temperature and the three factors (the laser pulse time, the laser energy and the enhanced absorption coefficient of the tissue caused by the nanoparticles) are analyzed. Conclusions: The results indicate that the brain tissue is easier to warm up with the enhancement of nanoparticles and parameters of the laser can alter the temperature increase of the brain tissue. These findings offer a theoretical basis for future animal experiments.

Torsional postbuckling characteristics of functionally graded graphene enhanced laminated truncated conical shell with temperature dependent material properties

Buckling and postbuckling characteristics of laminated graphene-enhanced composite(GEC)truncated conical shells exposed to torsion under temperature conditions using finite element method(FEM)simulation are presented in this study.In the thickness direction,the GEC layers of the conical shell are ordered in a piece-wise arrangement of functionally graded(FG)distribution,with each layer containing a variable volume fraction for graphene reinforcement.To calculate the properties of temperaturedependent material of GEC layers,the extended Halpin-Tsai micromechanical framework is used.The FEM model is verified via comparing the current results obtained with the theoretical estimates for homogeneous,laminated cylindrical,and conical shells,the FEM model is validated.The computational results show that a piece-wise FG graphene volume fraction distribution can improve the torque of critical buckling and torsional postbuckling strength.Also,the geometric parameters have a critical impact on the stability of the conical shell.However,a temperature rise can reduce the crucial torsional buckling torque as well as the GEC laminated truncated conical shell’s postbuckling strength.

旋流强化换热器传热与流阻分析

为了研究管程旋流强化中换热器的性能,设计了一种适合气体流动的旋流元件安装于换热器的管程换热管入口处。通过RNG k-ε模型进行了数值研究,对不同参数旋流结构和换热器入口流量为30~50 m3/h的条件进行研究,并模拟结果进行换热器的设计和实验系统的搭建。结果表明:加入旋流元件可以使流动趋于均匀进入各换热管,旋流元件对换热管近壁面处速度提升明显,总体传热系数提高了76.1%~135.9%,压降增加约5.7%~19.5%,旋流元件的加入使得换热器以较小的压力损失的情况下获得较高的换热系数。对其螺旋角度(14°、18°、26°)、长度(32 mm、48 mm、64 mm)以及叶片宽度(8 mm、10 mm、12 mm)进行分析,得到α=18°,L=48 mm,W=10 mm时,换热器效果为最佳。

无氧化强力水雾冷却对超高强钢表面氧化及可镀性的影响

通过连续退火热处理模拟试验,分析了无氧化强力水雾冷却技术对连续退火后高强钢带钢表面合金元素分布的影响;进而通过模拟热镀锌试验,分析该技术对高强钢热镀锌表面质量和可镀性的影响;采用GDOES、SEM、FIB等检测手段对试样进行了表面微观分析。分析结果显示:无氧化强力水雾冷却处理后,两个高强钢钢种表面的Mn、Si、Cr等合金元素富集明显减少,强力水雾冷却可有效去除高强钢退火后形成的表面氧化物,对高强钢热镀锌的可镀性和表面质量有较明显的改善作用。

线圈感应型电磁发射系统能量转换机理研究

为了获得线圈感应型电磁发射系统能量转换机理,依据动量守恒定律,将非线性负反馈闭环系统在特定条件下转换为开环系统,从推力产生的原理出发,使用数值计算方法求解驱动线圈磁场分布数据,并通过多项式拟合和高斯拟合将分布数据拟合为磁场分布函数,再根据分布函数求解电枢轴向推力系数。磁场分布数据结果表明,最大轴向磁感应强度比最大径向磁感应强度大1.6倍,且最大轴向磁感应强度位置与最大径向磁感应强位置相差1/2个驱动线圈的长度,推力系数数据表明,绕组电枢系统电磁力系数比环柱电枢系统电磁力系数大20倍,通过进一步分析得到了驱动线圈磁场分布特性和推力与系统效率的关系,通过对3种系统的有限元仿真验证结论的有效性,给出了最大推力位置与最佳触发位置的基本关系,形成了驱动线圈和电枢结构设计的基本指导原则。

基于深度域适应迁移学习的滚动轴承故障诊断方法研究

在实际工业生产中,滚动轴承故障数据稀疏,构建的小样本数据集易导致模型过拟合,需要进行数据增强构成训练域。由于机械设备在运行中存在工况时变性,导致训练数据和测试数据之间存在差异,进而造成轴承故障诊断准确率不高,故提出一种基于生成对抗网络和多核最大均值差异(MK-MMD)的深度域适应迁移学习方法。文中通过有限元模拟获得大量带有标签的仿真故障数据,在此基础上构建深度域适应迁移学习的故障诊断模型,并利用凯斯西储大学的轴承数据集对轴承故障诊断模型进行测试。此外,通过与卷积神经网络(CNN)、深度适配网络(DAN)和深度域自适应网络(DANN)的故障诊断结果对比,证明基于有限元模拟的数据增强和迁移学习的轴承故障诊断方法可有效提高轴承故障诊断的准确度。

增强蜂窝结构面外力学行为研究

在传统六边形蜂窝结构的基础上添加加强筋,提出了增强蜂窝结构,通过有限元模拟的方法对其在准静态压缩过程中的面外力学行为进行研究,并与传统六边形蜂窝结构进行了对比。研究发现,加强筋的加入显著提高了其面外抗压强度与吸能性,其中对边强化蜂窝结构的平均压缩力最多可提高166.8%,比吸能最多可提高38.53%。增强蜂窝结构在压缩过程中的变形模式均为渐进折叠式,与传统六边形蜂窝结构相比其叠缩褶皱数量增多,变形过程更为稳定,并且具有更多的塑性应变集中区。此外,通过开展参数化研究发现,比吸能与单胞壁厚呈正相关,与单胞边长呈负相关关系。通过对增强蜂窝结构力学性能进行综合分析,发现对边强化峰窝结构是最优的强化方式。

骨水泥分布位置与含量对股骨反转子间骨折应力、位移影响的有限元分析

背景:股骨近端防旋髓内钉是治疗骨质疏松性反转子间骨折的首选治疗方案,其中骨水泥增强可减少股骨近端防旋髓内钉切出与切穿的概率,但目前没有相关生物力学研究证明骨水泥的含量及位置对骨折端应力及位移的影响。目的:通过有限元方法分析骨水泥增强型股骨近端防旋髓内钉中骨水泥含量及位置对老年骨质疏松性股骨反转子间骨折应力、应变及位移的影响。方法:采用Mimics软件建立健康成年女性右侧股骨模型,并在Geometric软件中进行光滑处理,利用Solidworks软件分别建立股骨近端防旋髓内钉(无骨水泥、头端球形1 mL骨水泥、头端球形2 mL骨水泥、头端球形3.4 mL骨水泥、螺旋刀片周围圆柱形5 mL骨水泥)5种类型内固定方式及股骨反转子间骨折(AO分型31-A3.1型)模型,装配后,在Ansys软件中比较5种模型内植物的总应力分布、应力峰值及位移。结果与结论:①无骨水泥与头端球形1 mL、头端球形2 mL、头端球形3.4 mL、螺旋刀片周围圆柱形5 mL骨水泥增强型股骨近端防旋髓内钉组内植物的应力峰值分别为571.07 MPa(位于螺旋刀片与主钉交界处),495.45 MPa(位于螺旋刀片与主钉交界处)、467.20 MPa(位于主钉与远端螺钉连接处)、642.70 MPa(位于主钉与远端螺钉连接处)、458.58 MPa(位于远端与主钉交界处);②无骨水泥与头端球形1 mL、头端球形2 mL、头端球形3.4 mL、螺旋刀片周围圆柱形5 mL骨水泥增强型股骨近端防旋髓内钉组内植物的最大位移量分别为9.2605,7.5891,7.3168,6.7907,6.6157 mm,均位于股骨头近端;③结果显示,采用股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定股骨反转子间骨折时,骨水泥增强较未增强有明显的力学稳定性,并且螺旋刀片周围5 mL骨水泥的增强效果最好,对于老年不稳定型股骨转子间骨折是优先选择。

cis-acting element located in the bovine foamy virus internal promoter possesses the properties of a transcrip-tional enhancer

Bovine foamy virus encodes a transcriptional transactivitor, Tas or Borf-1, which governs the level of viral transcripts initiated by both the promoter in the long terminal repeat (LTR) and the internal promoter (IP) located in the env gene through their cis-acting targets. We have identified and characterized a 72 bp TBS (Borf-1) responsive element located in BFV3026, internal promoter (TREIP) by deletion mutant and transient expression assay. This cis-acting target element in the internal promoter has the properties of a transcriptional enhancer which functions independently of its orientation, position and also in heterologous promoters (BFV LTR and bovine immunodeficiency virus, BIV LTR). Alignments reveal that there are positional similarity and sequence homology among BFV TREIP, SFV-1 TREIP proximal element and SFV-3 TREIPH, which suggests that this kind of cis-acting elements possesses some common functional character.

Identification of Highly Repetitive Enhancers with Long-range Regulation Potential in Barley via STARR-seq

Enhancers are DNA sequences that can strengthen transcription initiation.However,the global identification of plant enhancers is complicated due to uncertainty in the distance and orientation of enhancers,especially in species with large genomes.In this study,we performed self-transcribing active regulatory region sequencing(STARR-seq)for the first time to identify enhancers across the barley genome.A total of 7323 enhancers were successfully identified,and among 45 randomly selected enhancers,over 75%were effective as validated by a dual-luciferase reporter assay system in the lower epidermis of tobacco leaves.Interestingly,up to 53.5%of the barley enhancers were repetitive sequences,especially transposable elements(TEs),thus reinforcing the vital role of repetitive enhancers in gene expression.Both the common active mark H3K4me3 and repressive mark H3K27me3 were abundant among the barley STARR-seq enhancers.In addition,the functional range of barley STARR-seq enhancers seemed much broader than that of rice or maize and extended to±100 kb of the gene body,and this finding was consistent with the high expression levels of genes in the genome.This study specifically depicts the unique features of barley enhancers and provides available barley enhancers for further utilization.