Assessing edge-coupled interdependent network disintegration via rank aggregation and elite enumeration

The disintegration of networks is a widely researched topic with significant applications in fields such as counterterrorism and infectious disease control. While the traditional approaches for achieving network disintegration involve identifying critical sets of nodes or edges, limited research has been carried out on edge-based disintegration strategies. We propose a novel algorithm, i.e., a rank aggregation elite enumeration algorithm based on edge-coupled networks(RAEEC),which aims to implement tiling for edge-coupled networks by finding important sets of edges in the network while balancing effectiveness and efficiency. Our algorithm is based on a two-layer edge-coupled network model with one-to-one links, and utilizes three advanced edge importance metrics to rank the edges separately. A comprehensive ranking of edges is obtained using a rank aggregation approach proposed in this study. The top few edges from the ranking set obtained by RAEEC are then used to generate an enumeration set, which is continuously iteratively updated to identify the set of elite attack edges.We conduct extensive experiments on synthetic networks to evaluate the performance of our proposed method, and the results indicate that RAEEC achieves a satisfactory balance between efficiency and effectiveness. Our approach represents a significant contribution to the field of network disintegration, particularly for edge-based strategies.

Enumeration Order Equivalence in Rational Numbers

The enumeration of elements of c.e. sets in the theory of computability and computational complexity has already been investigated. However, the order of this enumeration has received less attention. The enumeration orders of elements of c.e. sets by means of Turing machines on natural numbers are investigated. In this paper, we consider the enumeration orders of elements of c.e. sets on rational numbers. We present enumeration order reducibility and enumeration order equivalence on rational numbers and propose some lemmas and theorems on these concepts. Also, we show that the theories here hold for Rc and we could repeat the same theories in this domain, in a same way.

Simultaneous enumeration of diatom,protozoa and meiobenthos from marine sediments using Ludox-QPS method

The Ludox-QPS method is a newly developed technique,which combines the Ludox HS 40 density centrifugation and quantitative protargol stain,to enumerate marine ciliates with good taxonomic resolution.We tested the method for simultaneous enumeration of diatoms,protozoa and meiobenthos and compared its extraction efficiency for meiobenthos with that of the routine Ludox-TM centrifugation and a modified protocol using Ludox HS 40.We conducted the evaluation with a sample size of 8.3 ml each from sandy,muddy-sand and muddy sediments collected from the intertidal area of the Yellow Sea in summer 2006 and spring 2007.The Ludox-QPS method not only produced high extraction efficiencies of 97±1.3% for diatoms and 97.6±0.8% for ciliates,indicating a reliable enumeration for eukaryotic microbenthos,but also produced excellent extraction efficiencies of on average 97.3% for total meiobenthos,97.9% for nematodes and 97.8% for copepods from sands,muddy sands and mud.By contrast,the routine Ludox-TM centrifugation obtained only about 74% of total meiobenthos abundance with one extraction cycle,and the modified Ludox HS 40 centrifugation yielded on average 93% of total meiobenthos:89.4±2.0% from sands,93±4.1% from muddy sands and 97.1±3.0% from mud.Apart from the sediment type,sample volume was another important factor affecting the extraction efficiency for meiobenthos.The extraction rate was increased to about 96.4% when using the same modified Ludox centrifugation for a 4 ml sediment sample.Besides the excellent extraction efficiency,the Ludox-QPS method obtained higher abundances of meiobenthos,in particular nematodes,than the routine Ludox centrifugation,which frequently resulted in an uncertain loss of small meiobenthos during the sieving process.Statistical analyses demonstrated that there were no significant differences between the meiobenthos communities revealed by the Ludox-QPS method and the modified Ludox HS 40 centrifugation,showing the high efficiency of the Ludox-QPS method for simultaneous enumeration of diatom,protozoa and meiobenthos.Moreover,the comparatively high taxonomic resolution of the method,especially for diatoms and ciliates,makes it feasible to investigate microbial ecology at community level.

Modified physiological and operative score for the enumeration of mortality and morbidity risk assessment model in general surgery

AIM: To establish a scoring system for predicting the incidence of postoperative complications and mortality in general surgery based on the physiological and operative severity score for the enumeration of mortality and morbidity (POSSUM), and to evaluate its efficacy. METHODS: Eighty-four patients with postoperative complications or death and 172 patients without postoperative complications, who underwent surgery in our department during the previous 2 years, were retrospectively analyzed by logistic regression. Fifteen indexes were investigated including age, cardiovascular function, respiratory function, blood test results, endocrine function, central nervous system function, hepatic function, renal function, nutritional status, extent of operative trauma, and course of anesthesia. Modified POSSUM (M-POSSUM) was developed using significant risk factors with its efficacy evaluated. RESULTS: The significant risk factors were found to be age, cardiovascular function, respiratory function, hepatic function, renal function, blood test results, endocrine function, nutritional status, duration of operation, intraoperative blood loss, and course of anesthesia. These factors were all included in the scoring system. There were significant differences in the scores between the patients with and without postoperative complications, between the patients died and survived with complications, and between the patients died and survived without complications. The receiver operating characteristic curves showed that the M-POSSUM could accurately predict postoperative complications and mortality.CONCLUSION: M-POSSUM correlates well with postoperative complications and mortality, and is more accurate than POSSUM.

A NEW COMPLEX SPHERE DETECTOR WITH SE ENUMERATION

Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) techniques are promising in wireless communication systems for its high spectral efficiency. Sphere Detector (SD) is favoured in MIMO detection to achieve Maximum-Likelihood (ML) performance. In this paper, we proposed a new SD method for MIMO-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems based on IEEE802.11n, which uses Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) in complex domain to reduce the computation complexity. Furthermore, a new Schnorr-Euchner (SE) enumeration algorithm is also discussed in detail. The computer simulation result shows that the computational complexity and the number of visited nodes can be reduced significantly compared with conventional SD detectors with the same Bit Error Rate (BER) performance.

AN EXACT ENUMERATION STUDY ON ADSORPTION TRANSITION OF A TETHERED CHAIN AT AN ADSORBING SURFACE

The number of configurations, c（n, m）, of a single chain with length n attached to a flat surface with m monomers contacting the surface is exactly enumerated. A fimction of c（n, m） about m and n is obtained. From the function, a scaling law for mean energy of chain is derived, and we estimate the critical point εc = 0.276 and the crossover exponent φ = 0.5. The free energy difference between tethered chain and free chain in dilute solution is also studied, which shows the critical adsorption point is about 0.272 for infinite long chain with φ= 0.5.

Machine learning for enumeration of cell colony forming units

As one of the most widely used assays in biological research,an enumeration of the bacterial cell colonies is an important but time-consuming and labor-intensive process.To speed up the colony counting,a machine learning method is presented for counting the colony forming units(CFUs),which is referred to as CFUCounter.This cellcounting program processes digital images and segments bacterial colonies.The algorithm combines unsupervised machine learning,iterative adaptive thresholding,and local-minima-based watershed segmentation to enable an accurate and robust cell counting.Compared to a manual counting method,CFUCounter supports color-based CFU classification,allows plates containing heterologous colonies to be counted individually,and demonstrates overall performance(slope 0.996,SD 0.013,95%CI:0.97–1.02,p value<1e-11,r=0.999)indistinguishable from the gold standard of point-and-click counting.This CFUCounter application is open-source and easy to use as a unique addition to the arsenal of colony-counting tools.

Detection of dengue NS1 antigen,alongside IgM plus IgG and concurrent platelet enumeration during an outbreak

During the late incubation period or initial phase of dengue virus infection,laboratory confirmation is through viral isolation in cell culture and/or molecular investigations, or immunofluorescence,or immunohistochemistry[1].The dengue virus non-structural antigen NSl that would develop before the appearance of dengue IgM and/or IgG is emerging as a suitable option for dengue diagnosis[2].Platelet therapy is a standard clinical practice for dengue patients with severe thrombocytopenia[3].However,during introductory screening,platelet count is not being done in many cases. This results in delays of platelet therapy. In the course of the current(2010) spurt of dengue in New Delhi[4],simultaneous screening for NSl,IgM and IgG and platelet enumeration has been introduced at the

ENUMERATION OF ISOMERS OF SUBSTITUTED CROWN ETHERS

The graphtheory method is used to enumerate the numbers of constitutions, configurations,chiral and achiral configurations of substituted crown ethers.The numerical results are tabulated.

Comparison of procedure for fecal colif orm enumeration in coastal waters

INTRODUCTION Fecal coliform has been used as an indicator of water pollution for about a century. Recently, Standrige et al (1981), Reasoner et al (1979) and Pagel et al. (1982) improved, with good results, the bioassy methods for fecal coliform in drinking water and waste water. To provide a method appli-

Enumeration of Stereoisomers of Chiral and Achiral Derivatives of Monocyclic Cycloalkanes Having Heteromorphous Alkyl Substituents with Distinct Length <i>k</i>

A combinatorial method based on the determination of the averaged weight of permutations controlling the chirality/achirality fittingness of 2n substitution sites of the monocyclic cycloalkane allows to obtain generalized functional equations for direct enumeration of enantiomers pairs and achiral skeletons of any derivatives of monocyclic cycloalkanes having heteromorphic alkyl substituents with the distinct length k with the empirical formula , wherein at least two alkyl groups??of the distinct size ?each. ?is the number of alkyl radicals ?of the system??verifying the relation . The integer sequences of enantiomer pairs and achiral skeletons are given for substituted derivatives of monocyclic cycloalkane for n = 3, 4 and k = 3, 4, 5. The composite stereoisomerism of this particular compound is also highlighted.

Enumeration,Genetic Characterization and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus Isolates from Retail Yoghurt in Beijing,China

Lactic acid bacteria （LAB） are widely used in food industries. Correct identification and safety evaluation of these bacteria at the species even strain level should take considerations into account. In this study, the LAB were recovered from yoghurt and characterized phenotypically and genetically. Fifty-two isolates of LAB from 31 yoghurt samples were cultured and grouped into 6 species including Luctobucillus bulguricus （24 isolates）, Streptococcus thermophilus （15 isolates）, L. ucidophilus （7 isolates）, L. porucusei/cusei （3 isolates）, L. delbrueckii （2 isolates）, and L. fermentum （1 isolate）, based on their Gram-staining, colony morphology and biochemical properties.

On the Pólya Enumeration Theorem

Simple formulas for the number of different cyclic and dihedral necklaces containing nj beads of the j-th color, and , are derived, using the Pólya enumeration theorem.

Combinatorial Interpretation of Raney Numbers and Tree Enumerations

A new combinatorial interpretation of Raney numbers is proposed. We apply this combinatorial interpretation to solve several tree enumeration counting problems. Further a generalized Catalan triangle is introduced and some of its properties are proved.

Chromatic Enumeration for Singular Maps on the Klein Bottle

A map is singular if each edge is on the same face on a surface (i.e., it has only one face on a surface). In this paper we present the chromatic enumeration for rooted singular maps on the Klein bottle.

ON THE CONSTRUCTION AND ENUMERATION OF HAMILTONIAN GRAPHS

In this paper we give a formula for enumerating the equivalent classes of orderly labeled Hamiltonian graphs under group D. and two algorithms for constructing these equivalent classes and all nonisomorphic Hamiltonian graphs. Some computational results obtained by microcomputers are listed.

Development and validation of a novel criterion of histologic healing in ulcerative colitis defined by inflammatory cell enumeration in lamina propria mucosa:A multicenter retrospective cohort in China

Background:Histological healing is closely associated with improved long-term clinical outcomes and lowered relapses in patients with ulcerative colitis(UC).Here,we developed a novel diagnostic criterion for assessing histological healing in UC patients.Methods:We conducted a retrospective cohort study in UC patients,whose treatment was iteratively optimized to achieve mucosal healing at Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University from January 2017 to May 2022.We identified an inflammatory cell enumeration index(ICEI)for assessing histological healing based on the proportions of eosinophils,CD177^(+)neutrophils,and CD40L^(+)T cells in the colonic lamina propria under high power field(HPF),and the outcomes(risks of symptomatic relapses)of achieving histological remission vs.persistent histological inflammation using Kaplan-Meier curves.Intrareader reliability and inter-reader reliability were evaluated by each reader.The relationships to the changes in the Nancy index and the Geboes score were also assessed for responsiveness.The ICEI was further validated in a new cohort of UC patients from other nine university hospitals.Results:We developed an ICEI for clinical diagnosis of histological healing,i.e.,Y=1.701X_(1)+0.758X_(2)+1.347X_(3)-7.745(X_(1),X_(2),and X_(3)represent the proportions of CD177^(+)neutrophils,eosinophils,and CD40L^(+)T cells,respectively,in the colonic lamina propria under HPF).The receiver operating characteristics curve(ROC)analysis revealed that Y<-0.391 was the cutoff value for the diagnosis of histological healing and that an area under the curve(AUC)was 0.942(95%confidence interval[CI]:0.905-0.979)with a sensitivity of 92.5%and a specificity of 83.6%(P<0.001).The intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC)for the intrareader reliability was 0.855(95%CI:0.781-0.909),and ICEI had good inter-reader reliability of 0.832(95%CI:0.748-0.894).During an 18-month follow-up,patients with histological healing had a substantially better outcome compared with those with unachieved histological healing(P<0.001)using ICEI.During a 12-month follow-up from other nine hospitals,patients with histological healing also had a lower risk of relapse than patients with unachieved histological healing.Conclusions:ICEI can be used to predict histological healing and identify patients with a risk of relapse 12 months and 18 months after clinical therapy.Therefore,ICEI provides a promising,simplified approach to monitor histological healing and to predict the prognosis of UC.Registration:Chinese Clinical Trial Registry,No.ChiCTR2300077792.

Research on enumeration problem of pattern-avoiding permutations

The problem of relevant enumeration with pattern-avoiding permutations is a significant topic in enumerative combinatorics and has wide applications in physics,chemistry,and computer science.This paper summarizes the relevant conclusions of the enumeration of pattern-avoiding permutations on the nelement symmetric group Sn,alternating permutations,Dumont permutations,Ballot permutations,and inversion sequences.It also introduces relevant research results on avoiding vincular patterns and barred patterns in S_(n).

A Modified Impact-increment-based State Enumeration Method and Its Application in Power Distribution Systems

Reliable planning and operation of power distribution systems are of great significance. In this paper, the impactincrement based state enumeration(IIBSE) method is modified to adapt to the features of distribution systems. With the proposed method, the expectation, probabilistic, and duration reliability indices can be accurately obtained with a lower enumerated order of contingency states. In addition, the time-consuming optimal power flow(OPF) calculation can be replaced by a simple matrix operation for both independent and radial series failure states. Therefore, the accuracy and efficiency of the assessment process are improved comprehensively. The case of RBTS bus 6 system and IEEE 123 node test feeder system are utilized to test the performance of the modified IIBSE. The results show the superiority of the proposed method over Monte Carlo(MC) sampling and state enumeration(SE) methods in distribution systems.

Source enumeration method by combining diagonal loading and constructing second-order statistics

A source enumeration method based on diagonal loading of eigenvalues and constructing second-order statistics is proposed,for the case that the antenna array observed signals are overlapped with spatial colored noise,and the number of antennas compared with the number of snapshots meet the requirement of general asymptotic regime.Firstly,the sample covariance matrix of the observed signals is obtained,the eigenvalues of the sample covariance matrix can be acquired by eigenvalue decomposition,and the eigenvalues are diagonally loaded,and a new formula for calculating the diagonal loading is presented.Based on the diagonal loaded eigenvalues,the difference values are calculated for the adjacent eigenvalues after diagonal loading,and the statistical variance of the difference values is calculated.On this basis,the second-order statistics of the difference values are constructed,and when the second-order statistics are minimized,the corresponding number of sources is estimated.The proposed method has wide applicability,which is suitable for both general asymptotic regime and classical asymptotic system,and is suitable for both white Gaussian noise environment and colored noise environment.The method makes up for the lack of source enumeration methods in the case of general asymptotic system and colored noise.