Design and Optimization of Solar Photovoltaic Brackets in Mountainous Areas Adapted to Complex Wind Environments

With the increasing global demand for renewable energy,the application of photovoltaic power generation in mountainous areas is gradually increasing.However,the complex wind environment in mountainous areas poses severe challenges to the design and optimization of solar photovoltaic brackets.Traditional design methods are difficult to cope with the changeable wind speed and direction in mountainous areas,resulting in structural instability or material waste.Researchers have identified the key factors affecting wind response through parametric research and dynamic wind response analysis,so as to optimize the brackets design and improve its adaptability and stability in complex wind environments.In this paper,the complexity of wind speed,wind direction and turbulence characteristics in mountainous areas and their influence on brackets design are explored.Through static and dynamic wind load analysis,the geometrical shape and material selection of the bracket are optimized to enhance its wind resistance.The application of multi-objective optimization model and intelligent optimization algorithm provides an effective solution for the design of solar photovoltaic brackets,ensuring their safety and reliability in complex wind environments.

Study on Durability of Recycled Aggregate Concrete in High-Temperature and Complex Environments

Recycled aggregate concrete refers to a new type of concrete material made by processing waste concrete materials through grading,crushing,and cleaning,and then mixing them with cement,water,and other materials in a certain gradation or proportion.This type of concrete is highly suitable for modern construction waste disposal and reuse and has been widely used in various construction projects.It can also be used as an environmentally friendly permeable brick material to promote the development of modern green buildings.However,practical applications have found that compared to ordinary concrete,the durability of this type of concrete is more susceptible to high-temperature and complex environments.Based on this,this paper conducts theoretical research on its durability in high-temperature and complex environments,including the current research status,existing problems,and application prospects of recycled aggregate concrete’s durability in such environments.It is hoped that this analysis can provide some reference for studying the influence of high-temperature and complex environments on recycled aggregate concrete and its subsequent application strategies.

Path Planning Method Based on D^(*) lite Algorithm for Unmanned Surface Vehicles in Complex Environments

In recent decades,path planning for unmanned surface vehicles(USVs)in complex environments,such as harbours and coastlines,has become an important concern.The existing algorithms for real-time path planning for USVs are either too slow at replanning or unreliable in changing environments with multiple dynamic obstacles.In this study,we developed a novel path planning method based on the D^(*) lite algorithm for real-time path planning of USVs in complex environments.The proposed method has the following advantages:(1)the computational time for replanning is reduced significantly owing to the use of an incremental algorithm and a new method for modelling dynamic obstacles;(2)a constrained artificial potential field method is employed to enhance the safety of the planned paths;and(3)the method is practical in terms of vehicle performance.The performance of the proposed method was evaluated through simulations and compared with those of existing algorithms.The simulation results confirmed the efficiency of the method for real-time path planning of USVs in complex environments.

Dynamic analysis of wind turbine tower structures in complex ocean environment

Studying and analyzing the dynamic behavior of offshore wind turbines are of great importance to ensure the safety and improve the efficiency of such expensive equipments.In this work,a tapered beam model is proposed to investigate the dynamic response of an offshore wind turbine tower on the monopile foundation assembled with rotating blades in the complex ocean environment.Several environment factors like wind,wave,current,and soil resistance are taken into account.The proposed model is ana-lytically solved with the Galerkin method.Based on the numerical results,the effects of various structure parameters including the taper angle,the height and thickness of the tower,the depth,and the diameter and the cement filler of the monopile on the funda-mental natural frequency of the wind turbine tower system are investigated in detail.It is found that the fundamental natural frequency decreases with the increase in the taper angle and the height and thickness of the tower,and increases with the increase in the diameter of the monopile.Moreover,filling cement into the monopile can effectively im-prove the fundamental natural frequency of the wind turbine tower system,but there is a critical value of the amount of cement maximizing the property of the monopile.This research may be helpful in the design and safety evaluation of offshore wind turbines.

Comprehensive analysis of safe mining to heavy and steep coal seam under complex geophysics environment

In virtue of effect of N-S intensive ground stress and mining disturbance to +579E2EB_(1+2) mining site at Weihuliang Mine,the dip angle and section height is 65° and 52 m,respectively,the collapses happed frequently during mining.Firstly,mining condi- tions,spatial structure and parameters were investigated.Then physical simulation and dynamic numerical tracing and elaborate simulation relating roof and top-coal were ap- plied based on 2D-Block Program and quantitative regularity of stress at variable depths had been estimated.Furthermore,it was manifested that effective measures,i.e.,fast mining,control symmetrical top-coal-caving at dip and strike directions,optimizing ventila- tion system,active-stereo preventing gas were performed successfully in mining practice. Ultimately,the derived dynamic hazard were prevented so as to safety mining.

Study on technical efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine industry of the Belt and Road Initiative based on environmental complexity

Background:Based on the principle of“joint consultation,co-building,and sharing”,with the aim of creating an energetic new model of economic growth,the Belt and Road Initiative achieves connectivity and mutual benefit.However,the degree of coordinated development of innovation subjects directly affects the improvement and optimization of the Belt and Road Initiative’s strategy implementation environment,and technology efficiency needs improvement.Methods:In this study,a data envelopment analysis model based on the environmental noise elimination algorithm(traditional Chinese medicine-Belt and Road Initiative)was used to identify the technical efficiency of the traditional Chinese medicine industry of Belt and Road Initiative by eliminating the impact of environmental factors.Results:Pure technical ineffectiveness,regional impact,and environmental factors represented by policy responses have a non-linear impact on technical efficiency.The overall technical efficiency of the traditional Chinese medicine industry in the countries along the route shows a trend of annual increases,technical efficiency and scale efficiency are relatively high,and operational efficiency is influenced by the degree of response of the countries along the route and its supporting policies.Conclusion:Pure technical inefficiency is the main factor affecting total technical loss.Geographical advantage is the key factor in operational efficiency.External environmental factors have a significant influence on the operational efficiency of the traditional Chinese medicine industry.

Monitoring and Environmental Assessment of Seawater in West Central Africa: Case of the Kribi Industrial and Urban Port Complex in Cameroon, Guinea Gulf

This study is the first of a series of a project on the development and implementation of environmental protection policies, before, during and after the construction of the Kribi Industrial and Urban Port Complex (KIPC). The results will equip the State and scientific structures concerned with the protection of people, water resources and the environment as a whole. This includes reference data on the state of marine pollution in the region dating from the end of realization of the first phase of KIPC known as Kribi Deep-Water Harbor (KDWH). Accordingly, the aim of this work is to assess the current state of KIPC and its surrounding by quantifying the preliminary parameters of suspended matter (SM);to analyze the physical and chemical parameters, chemical pollution indicators for anions and major cations and organic pollution indicators of four water samples taken from four different sites in the project area by filtration and weighing, pH meter, turbid meter, titration, colorimetry and titrimetric methods. The analysis of these samples and these parameters provides results which are slightly similar to international standards. This suggests that the environment remains relatively healthy. Hence, continuous management and monitoring of the parameters and pollution factors is strongly recommended.

复杂动态环境下先验知识引导机器人路径规划

针对车间动态环境下的机器人路径规划问题,提出了先验知识引导下基于模糊DWA算法的路径规划方法。考虑到车间静态环境的恒定性,设计了用于全局路径规划的自适应A^(*)算法,并将此作为先验信息引导机器人运动。建立了机器人运动学模型,在先验信息引导下提出基于模糊DWA的局部路径规划方法,该方法可以根据环境复杂度模糊调整评价函数权重。经实验验证,在30 m×30 m栅格环境中,混合A^(*)算法规划的路径长度为51.32 m,自适应A^(*)算法规划的路径长度为46.83 m,比混合A^(*)算法减少了8.75%;在局部路径规划中,模糊DWA算法规划路径的安全性、柔顺性和长度均优于标准DWA算法,验证了模糊DWA算法的优越性。

Negotiated Complexity: Framing Multi-Criteria Decision Support in Environmental Health Practice

The complexity we take into account when dealing with complex issues and the way we deal with that complexity is not given or self-evident, it is framed and negotiated. Based on two environmental health decision support case studies we address a set of key methodological choices, crucial in shaping the multi-criteria decision support and illuminate how they followed from transdisciplinary collaboration and negotiation: diversity tolerance, dealing with uncertainty and difference of opinion, weight of information and the epistemological divide between traditional closed and alternative open paradigms. The case studies exemplify the growing conviction amongst methodologists that, especially regarding complex issues, best methods do not exist as such: methods are chosen and tailored in practice and the quality to a large extent is dependent on the process in which methodological development is embedded. We hope to contribute to making explicit the importance of methodological decision making regarding environmental health complexity.

景边型传统村落公共空间功能复合特征探讨

受风景名胜区影响,大量的游客涌入景边型传统村落,公共空间使用者变得多样化,但受土地资源约束,公共空间规模无法大幅增长,景边型传统村落公共空间的功能与土地之间矛盾突出,导致村落公共空间无法满足现在村落公共空间的使用,功能复合为其提供一条可行的途径。结合工程案例,介绍了公共空间的功能复合,在同一公共空间提供多种功能,能有效地满足多元人群的使用需求。梳理了点、线、面公共空间特征,以指明未来公共空间功能设计的方向。

复合材料复杂环境效应加速试验设计及评估方法

目的指导复合材料在复杂湿热环境下环境适应性摸底与评价试验的开展,分析评估复合材料在复杂综合应力下的激活能参数。方法分析装备全寿命周期复杂自然环境剖面及各环境因素影响效应,确定复合材料各工作阶段敏感应力类型及条件,基于应力加速模型及累积损伤等原理,制定复合材料复杂环境效应综合加速试验剖面。构建复合材料复杂环境条件下的动力学模型,并提出相应参数估计方法。开展复合材料加速试验,并基于实测数据开展复合材料性能退化建模与评估。结果分析了复合材料全寿命周期环境影响因素及环境效应,明确了各工作阶段敏感应力主要有温度、湿度、太阳辐照、温度交变、振动以及冲击等。依据实际环境数据,设计并开展了3组不同湿热条件(80℃/75%RH、80℃/85%RH、80℃/95%RH)的综合试验,收集得到复合材料拉伸强度、拉剪强度、径向弯曲强度以及纬向弯曲强度等4种性能指标的试验数据。试验数据表明,拉剪强度(最大相对退化速率为0.1773/循环)、径向弯曲强度(最大相对退化速率为0.1292/循环)以及纬向弯曲强度(最大相对退化速率为0.2610/循环)等性能参数可用于产品退化建模与评估。通过参数估计,进一步确定了退化速率与湿热应力的关系,并针对当前试验提供了改进依据。结论复杂环境效应综合加速试验对装备复合材料产品经历复杂环境条件的模拟效果和加速效果较好,试验可实施性较强。提出的改进广义Eyring模型可涵盖温度应力与湿热应力的加速效应,并综合考虑多种应力的相互作用,通过少量组合试验便可量化评估激活能等参数。所建模型指出当前基于激活能参考值(Ea=0.7eV)试验方案可由不同温度应力的综合试验数据进一步修正与优化,且所提试验与分析方法主要针对大部分树脂基复合材料产品,并可依据需要推广至电子产品、机电产品等试验对象。

铜半胱胺配合物类Fenton催化降解土霉素的研究

为有效去除污染水体中的土霉素,采用水浴升温合成法制备了铜半胱胺配合物(Copper-Cysteamine-Iodine,Cu-Cy-I),并通过扫描电子显微镜(Scanning Electron Microscope,SEM)、X射线衍射(X-ray Diffraction,XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy,XPS)等方法对其形貌、结构、化学成分进行表征。为了研究Cu-Cy-I对土霉素的降解效果,考察了光照时间、H_(2)O_(2)浓度、溶液pH值、催化剂质量、溶液的初始质量浓度以及光源等因素的影响。结果显示,在100 m L质量浓度为100 mg/L的土霉素中加入20 mg Cu-Cy-I催化剂、0.025 mol/L H_(2)O_(2),置于高压汞灯下,照射100 min后对土霉素的降解率可达99.0%。采用自由基捕获试验探究了Cu-Cy-I/H_(2)O_(2)体系中的活性自由基,发现羟基自由基(Hydroxyl radical,·OH)、超氧自由基(Superoxide radical,·O_(2)^(-))和光生空穴(Photogenerated electrons,h^(+))三者共同作用并促进土霉素的降解。Cu-Cy-I对土霉素具有较高的降解效果,为抗生素废水的治理提供了一种新方法。

大数据能力对科技型企业绩效的影响机制研究--环境不确定性调节效应

本文基于资源基础理论、动态能力理论等,利用河南省科技型企业216个样本数据,对大数据能力、环境动态性、环境复杂性和企业绩效的关系进行实证研究,研究结果显示:第一,企业大数据能力对企业绩效有显著的正向影响。第二,企业资源获取能力、企业洞察预测能力对企业绩效有正向影响,资源获取能力对企业绩效的影响最大;企业整合分析能力对企业绩效的影响没有显著的影响。第三,环境动态性和环境的复杂性对大数据能力与企业绩效的调节效应是显著。最后指出了本研究对管理实践的启示,并从政府和企业层面提出了对策建议。

Whey Protein-Carboxymethylcellulose Obtained by Complex Coacervation as an Ingredient in Probiotic Fermented Milk

Discharge of whey proteins is still a current practice by small cheese producers. The development of low-cost alternatives for recovery of these proteins is fundamental for small producers who cannot apply expensive techniques. The present study investigated the complex coacervation technique as a cheap technology to recover proteins from sweet whey using carboxymethylcellulose, and the coacervate used as an ingredient in the formulation of probiotic fermented milk. The nutritional properties of whey-carboxymethylcellulose coacervates (WP-CMC) were evaluated in trials with animals (rats) using casein as a reference. All these parameters—the coefficient of feed efficiency (CEA), protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS), and net protein ratio (NPR), as well as weight gain—were determined to evaluate protein quality. A sensory acceptance test was applied to evaluate the sensory characteristics of the product. The complex coacervation technique recovered 86% of the protein from sweet whey. No significant (p > 0.05) differences were observed in the biological tests for both groups (WP-CMC and Casein groups) when NPR (4.98 to 5.04), digestibility (92.35 to 90.64), and CEA (0.40 to 0.42) were evaluated. Probiotic fermented milk beverage containing WP-CMC (0.78%) and guar gum (0.68%) presented good acceptability as determined by sensory evaluation. WP-CMC can be considered an ingredient with high nutritional and biological value that could be applied in probiotic fermented milk as an alternative to small producers to allocate the residual whey from cheese manufacture.

制度型开放与深化经济体制改革的内在统一关系

以开放促改革、促发展,是我国改革发展的成功实践。作为高水平对外开放的核心内容,制度型开放不仅是党中央基于国际国内多重复杂环境作出的重大战略决策,也是我国全面深化经济体制改革的重要抓手和必由之路。制度型开放在有效破解“逆全球化”、全球经济下行、全球经济治理低效率等发展难题基础上,以外促内,通过完善要素市场基本制度和规则、推进要素市场制度创新、深化要素市场化配置综合改革试点等路径,驱动要素市场化改革向纵深发展。面对世界百年未有之大变局,必须准确把握制度型开放与深化经济体制改革的内在统一关系,在二者相互促进的良性循环中推动经济高质量发展。

Recent Progress in Reinforcement Learning and Adaptive Dynamic Programming for Advanced Control Applications

Reinforcement learning(RL) has roots in dynamic programming and it is called adaptive/approximate dynamic programming(ADP) within the control community. This paper reviews recent developments in ADP along with RL and its applications to various advanced control fields. First, the background of the development of ADP is described, emphasizing the significance of regulation and tracking control problems. Some effective offline and online algorithms for ADP/adaptive critic control are displayed, where the main results towards discrete-time systems and continuous-time systems are surveyed, respectively.Then, the research progress on adaptive critic control based on the event-triggered framework and under uncertain environment is discussed, respectively, where event-based design, robust stabilization, and game design are reviewed. Moreover, the extensions of ADP for addressing control problems under complex environment attract enormous attention. The ADP architecture is revisited under the perspective of data-driven and RL frameworks,showing how they promote ADP formulation significantly.Finally, several typical control applications with respect to RL and ADP are summarized, particularly in the fields of wastewater treatment processes and power systems, followed by some general prospects for future research. Overall, the comprehensive survey on ADP and RL for advanced control applications has d emonstrated its remarkable potential within the artificial intelligence era. In addition, it also plays a vital role in promoting environmental protection and industrial intelligence.

生态与社会二重性:中国式现代化视野下的环境社会工作新方向

社会工作在现代性的条件下应运而生,社会工作的发展也需要回应现代性的矛盾。生态环境保护与人类社会发展是现代性的一对重要矛盾体,当代社会工作的发展也应当回应这个问题。为此,需要将生态环境和人类社会两个主体的调适与融合作为驱动力,以中国式现代化的根本要求作为中国环境社会工作发展新的开端和指引,对环境社会工作的概念及其所遵循的价值观、工作法则做出新的解释,进而构建中国本土环境社会工作实践的新取向。

重污染企业如何实现高水平环境响应?

重污染企业实施积极环境响应行为是解决生态环境问题的有效方式之一。企业环境响应具有因果关系的复杂性,如何通过不同要素组合来实现高水平环境响应是一个值得探究的问题。本文构建重污染企业环境响应的影响因素分析框架,从动态视角探究2012—2016年和2017—2021年两个时期中国82家重污染企业实现高水平环境响应的可能条件组合及动态演进逻辑。研究结果显示:企业环境响应的驱动路径在2012—2016年存在两种构型,在2017—2021年则存在四种构型;高管环境注意力在推动企业实现高水平环境响应方面发挥着较为普适的作用;环境规制压力作用随着时间的推移逐渐减弱,而企业行为由外在压力下的被动响应转变为多重动力下的主动作为。本文的研究结论拓展了企业环境响应多因素动态联动机制的相关研究,对重污染企业环境响应水平的提高具有一定的启示意义。

云南一次非超级单体龙卷多尺度分析

基于再分析资料、多源观测资料和文山多普勒天气雷达资料,对2021年5月31日午后出现在云南省文山州广南县的一次EF0级龙卷的环流背景、环境潜势、中尺度对流系统的演变过程以及形成机理进行研究。结果表明:(1)此次龙卷发生在副热带高压外围偏西气流,700 hPa风速辐合区,850 hPa切变线上,且中层大气有干冷空气的侵入,具备龙卷发生所需的热力和水汽条件,但动力条件不利于龙卷出现,即低层和深层垂直风切变均显著弱于我国中东部的非超级单体龙卷。(2)较高的地面温度、云图上的水汽边界和中尺度辐合线共同导致了滇东南地区对流风暴的触发。受复杂地形影响,对流单体出现分裂并加强,不断向西北方向海拔较高的广南县城推进。(3)龙卷形成的可能机制是:广南盆地内较高的地面温度形成对流性不稳定,盆地东侧对流单体下方的冷池出流进入盆地并向西扩张,冷暖空气的交汇使新的单体开始沿辐合切变线触发,其下方的冷池与环境温度差有利于龙卷生成。随后该对流单体沿盆地西侧的地形发展成狭长形态,并在风暴低层形成初始涡旋,地形强迫作用加强了初始涡旋上空的抬升运动,使其向上倾斜拉伸的同时涡度增加,最终形成此次龙卷。

导弹长期复杂环境适应性加速试验设计方法

目的针对工程界缺乏长期气候与力学环境耦合效应的验证与评价方法,提出导弹长期复杂环境适应性加速试验剖面设计方法,支持长期、复杂环境耐受能力评价。方法根据寿命剖面和环境剖面,辨识产品敏感环境应力,开展环境应力数据收集,在构建常规应力试验剖面的基础上,针对气候类、力学类环境应力分别提出加速因子建模方法,最终转化生成多应力综合加速试验剖面。结果以导弹舵系统为对象,运用本文方法进行了长期复杂环境适应性加速试验剖面设计,应用表明,本方法可在较短时间内有效暴露长期复杂环境下的薄弱环节,且与实际失效模式一致。结论该方法充分考虑了导弹寿命期内经受的复杂环境因素,能够模拟高温、湿热、盐雾、温度循环等气候类环境应力和力学环境应力共同作用下的长期缓变耦合效应,支持导弹长期复杂环境适应性的快速评价,可在工程应用中推广。