State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry (SKLEAC) is under construction

A new State Key Laboratory named Environmental Aquatic Chemistry is establishing in the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. It asso-ciates with other three Iaboratories in universities to make up an Joint State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control. They are supported by Chinese Government with the loan from World Bank for about 2.5 million US dollars and the same amount of RMB.

China Eyes Closer Environmental Cooperation with Arab States

China is seeking closer environmental cooperation with Arab States driven by the strategy of 'One Belt and One Road'.'Co-building and greenization of ’One Belt and One Road’ will provide new opportunities and contents for China-Arab states cooperation。

Estimating Hydrogeological Parameters in Covered Carbonate Rocks Using a Discrete-State Compartment Model and Environmental Tritium

Nowadays, isotope environmental technique tends to be used as a reconnaissance tool , both qualitative and quantitative, to calculate the aquifer parameters particularly in carbonate rock aquifers. But, the heterogeneous flow is still problematic when Lumped parameter Models are usually used to calculate the residence times and hydraulic parameters. However, Discrete State Compartment Model can provide a powerful model to heterogeneous medium. One such study was carried on in Dazha valley, where the environmental tritium was used as a tracer for determining hydrogeological parameters based on a discrete state compartment

Adapt to New Normal State of Environmental Protection,Fight a Tough Fight,and Make Full Efforts to Build a Beautiful Xi'an

In China, economic growing speed converts from high speed to moderate and high speed; economic structure enters from moderate and low end to moderate and high end; development power converts from investment drive to innovation drive, and investment of resource and environ- ment factors presents declining trend. Spatial pattern of economy development is changing greatly, which needs eco-civilization construction and en- vironmental protection field continuously adjusting focus, environmental rules and laws correspondingly regulating, eco-civilization construction and environmental protection field also entering into new normal state. It requires scientifically understanding, actively adapting to and responding to new normal state of eco-civilization construction and environmental protection,and fighting a tough fight. Firstly, we should handle with the relationship between environment and economy, and strive to explore the way of environmental protection. Secondly, we should insist protection priority and prevention oriented,and promote transformation of environmental management strategy. Finally, we should accelerate to promote eco-civilization system reform and environmental protection management system reform, and further promote environmental protection work in Xi＇an on new level from eight aspects.

环境规制、所有制结构与技术创新——兼论国企改革的作用

环境保护可以促进资源节约、推动技术进步,因此,基于环境保护优化经济结构成为经济发展的必然趋势。波特假说认为,环境规制在改善环境的同时也推动了企业技术创新和竞争力的提升,能够实现环境保护和经济发展的共赢。本文在控制了市场竞争强度、企业家精神等重要解释变量下,试图回答所有制结构在我国是否影响了波特效应。研究发现,尽管环境规制在一定程度上能促进企业加大技术创新,但从企业经济性质考察,环境规制的波特效应受所有制结构的影响,实际效果被降低了。可能的原因是当前我国的市场竞争环境还不够高效,环境规制对国有企业和民营企业产生了不同的效应,从整体上拖累了企业技术创新。因此有必要加快推进国有企业改革,改善市场竞争环境,依法加强环境规制,降低因企业性质差异而产生的不同环境规制影响。

All-Solid-State Screen-Printed Sensors for Potentiometric Calcium(II) Determinations in Environmental Samples

This paper describes preparation, characterization and electrochemical performance of novel planar miniaturized all-solid-state (ASS) screen-printed potentiometric sensors for the detection of Ca2+ ions in environmental samples. Screen-printed graphite-based ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) and screen-printed reference electrodes based on silver-containing pastes have been applied in a space saving manner on common ceramic substrates with small dimensions. Applications to environmental samples are shown by direct potentiometry and potentiometric titrations in real water samples. Conducting polymers (CPs) have been used as solid-contact materials and as intermediate layer between the polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-containing ion-selective membrane and the graphite-containing substrate. Different diamides have been incorporated into the PVC membrane. In the range from 10-4 mol/L to 10-1 mol/L, the ISEs show linear slopes of 27 mV/decade, which is close to the Nernstian response. Moreover, the ISEs have response times of 6 months. The novel potentiometric ASS sensors enable simple and exact Ca2+ determinations in real samples.

环境数据认证的法治意蕴

环境治理中的国家认证可以简称为环境数据认证,其作为数字时代环境信息制度的重要组成部分,意味着具有环境治理权力的部门对关涉环境治理的人(自然人、法人)、物(自然物、人造物)、行(环境违法行为、环境保护行为)的“身份”确认,其间既包括一定的分类、规则、标准和规范体系,也包括明确认证信息的基本功能、用途和意义,确定基本环境事实同具体环境治理行为之间的关系。而环境数据认证之于环境治理的重要性体现在完善环境信息公开制度、提供信息制度保障、降低环境治理法律成本以及促进环境治理评估合理化等方面。具体至法律制度构建,环境数据认证的完善路径主要包括明确环境数据认证权力的范围与界限、建立认证数据的开放与共享机制以及完善行政相对人的法律救济程序与制度。

Novel Screen-Printed All-Solid-State Copper(II)-Selective Electrode for Mobile Environmental Analysis

Based on poly(vinyl chloride) membranes, a novel miniaturized screen-printed all-solid-state copper(II)-selective electrode has been developed for applications in environmental monitoring. Performance and applicability of the ion-selective electrode (ISE) have been proved by potentiometric investigations. Conducting polymers were used as intermediate layers and as solid contacts between the ion-selective membrane and the graphite transducer. The ion-complexing reagent 2-mercapto-benzoxazole was incorporated into poly(vinyl chloride) membranes. In the concentration range 10-6 - 10-2 mol/L, the ISE exhibited a linear Nernstian potential response to copper(II) with an average slope value of 28 mV/decade. The detection limit was 3 × 10-7 mol/L. The electrode exhibits a short response time (<10 s) and can be used in the range of pH = 3 - 7. Selectivity coefficents against certain interfering ions are investigated. The life time of the electrode under laboratory conditions was approximately 12-month. The electrode was applied in the investigation of different aqueous environmental samples and the electrode characteristics were described. The copper(II) ASS electrode has also successfully been used in potentiometric, complexometric titrations with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

山区铁路隧道工程资源环境影响效应评估研究

山区地质复杂、环境敏感、生态脆弱,致使铁路隧道建设难度大,且在资源节约、环境保护等方面面临较高要求。绿色设计作为绿色建设的先行环节,对减少隧道建设对资源环境的扰动作用,达到资源节约、环境友好的目的起关键引领作用。为定量评估山区铁路隧道工程的资源环境影响效应、衡量隧道设计的绿色程度,提出一种山区铁路隧道工程资源环境影响效应分析方法。首先,基于“驱动力-状态-响应”模型(Driving force-State-Response,DSR),以隧道设计参数为驱动力指标、资源环境状况为状态指标、隧道设计措施为响应指标,构建山区铁路隧道工程资源环境影响效应评估指标体系,并建立各指标分级标准;其次,运用一种具有自学习自调整能力的支持向量回归模型(Support Vector Regression,SVR)对隧道工程的资源环境影响效应进行评估;再次,以驱动力指标和响应指标为分析对象,运用考虑指标间关联关系及叠加效应的敏感性分析法,甄别对隧道工程资源环境影响效应优化具有重要影响的隧道设计因素;最后,以某山区铁路隧道工程为例,得到该隧道工程的资源环境影响效应值为4.7157,对应等级为较好,表明该隧道工程绿色设计水平较好,资源集约节约利用较合理、环境保护力度较大,可为其他类似工况隧道工程的绿色设计提供借鉴。此外,分析结果显示,注浆加固效果是导致该隧道工程资源环境影响效应变化最敏感的因素,其次为清污分流比例,可着重从这2个方面进行优化设计,以实现隧道工程资源环境影响效应的进一步优化。研究结果验证了本文研究方法的适用性和可操作性,可为山区铁路隧道工程资源环境影响效应评估及明确隧道工程优化设计方向提供科学依据。

Review the Environmental Effects of Using Industrial Wastewater Effluent (Case Study: Iran Qom Shokouhie Industrial State)

The overall goal of this study is investigating the environmental impacts of using wastewater effluent of industrial states in irrigation of green space. For this purpose, industrial state of Shokouhieh in Qom Province in central of Iran was selected as a case study. Firstly, the quality and quantity of inputting wastewater into refinery and outputting wastewater effluent were measured on important parameters of pH, TDS, TSS, COD, BOD and wastewater temperature in refinery laboratory of industrial state of Qom Shokouhieh during 12 months from March 2012 to March 2013. Then analysis of chemical, biological and physical indicators of irrigation wastewater (effluent) and measurement of heavy metals were done in June 2012 and January 2013 according to the standards instruction for the water and wastewater treatment. Also, heavy metals, EC, pH, and Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, k+ of soil of industrial estate of Qom Shokouhieh were studied. Then, Rapid Impact Assessment Method (RIAM) and Entropy Method were used to analyze the data. In Rapid Impact Assessment Method, socio-cultural, physicochemical, biological and economic environments get the highest negative impacts respectively. In Entropy Method after weighting the environmental factors, public health and other disease parameters with the weight of 0.147, soil chemical properties with the weight of 0.136, soil toxicity with the weight of 0.126 were allocated the first rate up to the third rate respectively. After comparing the results of these two methods with each other, the main limitation of using wastewater effluent of industrial estate of Qom Shokouhie in irrigation of green space is entering chemical pollutants (nitrate) into groundwater, salinity and toxicity of soil of industrial state and endangerment of workers and labors public health who work in industrial state of Qom Shokouhie (specially the labors who exposure directly with the wastewater effluent and labors work in refinery).

平面环境约束辅助的单目视觉惯性里程计

为提高视觉惯性导航系统在宽动态、长航时、大范围作业环境中的精确性与鲁棒性,提出了一种平面环境约束辅助的单目视觉惯性里程计。通过在视频图像中提取并跟踪均匀分布的FAST特征点,并采用对称光流剔除误跟踪点,实现了视觉特征点高效检测与精确跟踪;无需计算稠密深度地图,仅从稀疏特征点集中检测共面特征点,拟合空间平面,构建了对视觉特征点三维坐标的空间几何约束;融合视觉特征点重投影误差、共面特征点坐标约束以及惯性测量单元(Inertial measurement unit,IMU)预积分误差构造代价函数,采用非线性优化方法估计了系统状态。最后,分别在公开数据集和实际户外场景中评估了算法的准确性和有效性。实验结果表明,相较于VINS-Mono和ORB-SLAM3算法,本文方法的定位结果有显著提升,实现了复杂应用环境中精确、稳定导航,在机器人、无人驾驶等领域具有较大的实用价值。

心理护理联合疼痛护理对子宫肌瘤患者围手术期睡眠质量的影响评价

目的:分析心理护理+疼痛护理在子宫肌瘤患者护理干预中的可行性。方法:选取2023年1月至2023年10月福建中医药大学附属人民医院收治的子宫肌瘤患者90例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法随机分为对照组和观察组,每组45例。对照组患者实施常规护理,观察组则在常规护理基础上实施心理护理+疼痛护理干预,总结2组患者护理结果差异。结果:观察组患者护理后的睡眠质量评分与负面情绪评分、VAS评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者的生命质量评分更高,数据差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在子宫肌瘤患者护理干预阶段,对患者实施疼痛护理+心理护理干预方法可显著改善患者睡眠质量与躯体疼痛症状,是提升生命质量的重要组成部分,具有可行性。

锂离子动力电池不同调荷方式下放电性能的研究

结合实际项目经验,针对锂离子电池在开发过程中采用Pack环模进行低温放电功率标定后对整车冬季低温放电性能进行验证时两者存在差异的现象,通过采用二阶Thevenin等效电路模型来研究分析电池的充放电机理,并根据电芯的脉冲充放电的实测结果对电池的极化现象进行研究与分析,识别出了不同调荷方式下对放电性能带来的差异。采用控制变量法重新采用不同的调荷方式对Pack环模低温功率标定方法进行调整及验证后,最终Pack环模得到的放电性能结果和整车进行低温放电性能的验证结果一致,从而可为后续Pack环模进行低温放电功率标定试验来模拟整车冬季低温放电性能验证的方法设计及改善整车低温的动力性提供指导,并能一定程度上提前识别整车开发问题及风险,对于缩短电动汽车整车的开发周期具有重要意义。

从分散到贯通:中国环保公权力监督体系的优化方向

国家治理体系和治理能力现代化要求强化公权力监督体系的效能监督功能。我国环保公权力监督体系的历史演进具有各项监督制度独立形成、分散发展的特点,这一模式虽然有利于降低试验风险,提高灵活性,但却造成了监督体系的碎片化,导致监督体系效能的减损。当前环保公权力监督体系面临政治监督与专业监督的疏离与混同、监督体系的纵向断裂和横向纠结等问题。应当用中国共产党全面领导下国家治理现代化的历史眼光看待环保公权力监督体系贯通机制的必要性和路径选择。环保公权力监督体系的贯通是一种差序化贯通,应以党内监督为其主导力量和核心枢纽。通过政治监督与专业监督的有机融合,实现权威问责与技术治理的兼容。此外,还应注意中央环保督察制度在环保公权力监督体系中的特殊定位。

海洋生态环境损害索赔与环境行政处罚衔接机制探究

海洋生态环境损害国家索赔与环境行政处罚具备不同的法律属性和法律责任,因在海洋环境监督管理层面上存有一定的重合性和关联性,给公法和私法的协同带来一定的问题和挑战。随着新《海洋环境保护法》的施行,有必要理顺两种制度之间存在的关系,注重在启动程序、主体职能、证据收集、赔偿规则等方面的协调联动,为海洋生态环境损害救济建立科学合理的衔接机制。

生态环境损害赔偿的逻辑重构--从“权利救济”到“义务证成”的嬗变

当前生态环境损害赔偿主要是在自然资源国家所有权的理论框架内进行设计,但在权利话语下,不仅自然资源国家所有权的性质争议引发诉讼性质认定之困难,而且权利本质的个人性与生态环境的公共性相悖。为避免循此“权利救济”逻辑安排给环境司法造成不可忽视的漏洞,有必要转向义务视角证成政府提起索赔的内在逻辑。即生态环境损害赔偿制度的实质是政府履行环境保护义务的新方式。鉴于此,首要的是遵循行政优先原则将生态环境损害赔偿诉讼作为行政执法不能之兜底手段,在此基础上合理赋权和严格控权以保证赔偿磋商的公平公正,同时应完善问责机制以避免政府索赔角色的冲突,最后衔接好生态环境损害赔偿与关联诉讼的关系,进而保障该制度的全面推进。

换流站设备运行状态智能监控系统的研究与应用

围绕换流站变电设备智能监控系统展开研究,阐述系统的架构设计和功能设计。该系统主要由传感器网络、数据采集模块、数据传输通道、数据分析引擎以及用户界面等核心组件构成,旨在实现设备参数的实时监测、精准的数据分析以及用户友好的可视化界面。在运行状态监控方面,系统提供了实时监测设备工作和环境参数的界面。在运行状态评估方面,通过建立监控信息模型,利用聚类分析和多元统计分析等方法对收集的数据进行深入分析,从而准确判断设备状态是否异常。

国际环境法中非国家参与者主体地位的理论探析

在传统主体理念的背景下,国际环境法的主体仅限于国家和政府间国际组织,但随着非政府组织和个人在当今全球环境治理中的作用凸显,固有的主体论受到很大冲击。在系统总结和概括非政府组织和个人这两种非国家参与者在国际环境法领域现有地位、局限性与理论争议的基础上,认为应有限地承认其主体地位。这不仅符合法律主体扩大化的法理趋势与国际环境法的独立性和特殊性,也具有发扬全球环境治理模式、顺应市民社会发展和人权保护潮流、肯认非国家参与者实际作用的现实意义。因此,应通过灵活的定义选择、构建地位不平等的多元法律主体谱系、创设特殊主体资格承认的具体条件等路径,打造有限承认非国家参与者主体地位的具体模式,适当扩充现有国际环境法主体范围,使非国家参与者的主体地位在一定范围内得到彰显。