Methods Research to Calculate Equivalent of Environmental Cost in Power Industry

Power industry as an important means of primary energy consumption, occupies an important position in coal consumption and pollutant emissions, and causes a great impact on the environment. It is particularly important to define environmental costs while Environmental costs account for a heavy weight in the total cost of generating after the introduction of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) This paper analyzes the composition of environmental cost and its calculation methods, three cost equivalent pricing methods and its scope in environmental costs were proposed, there are Government pricing, market pricing and cost accounting, then analyses the cost of equivalent effect on electricity trade.

The transformation and concentration of environmental hazardous trace elements during coal combustion

Studied the content and distribution of 18 environmental hazardous trace elementsin the lignite, fatty coal, anthracite and its burnt products by combustion simulatingexpriment in the one-dismensinal boiler.The transformations and concentration of 18 traceelements during different coal combustion were discussed.The results show that there aresome content distribution of 18 hazardous trace elements in every burnt product, but thelaw of concentration and dispersion of every trace element during different coal combustionis very different.Experiment results indicate that the transformation and concentrationof trace elements during coal combustion are related to the element contents and occur-rencesof trace elements in raw coal, but are also affected by some man-made factorssuch as the combustion method of boiler, combustion temperature and atmosphere, thetype of precipitators and so on.

Ecological risk assessment and early warning of heavy metal cumulation in the soils near the Luanchuan molybdenum polymetallic mine concentration area,Henan Province,central China

The Luanchuan molybdenum polymetallic mine concentration area is rich in mineral resources and has a long history of mining.The environmental impact of long-term mining activities cannot be ignored.It is of great significance to study the ecological risk and the accumulation trends of heavy metals in the soil of mining areas for scientific prevention and control of heavy metal pollution.Taking the Taowanbeigou River Basin in the mine concentration area as the research object,the ecological pollution risk and cumulative effect of heavy metals in the soil of the basin were studied by using the comprehensive pollution index method,potential ecological risk assessment method and geoaccumulation index method.On this basis,the cumulative exceeding years of specific heavy metals were predicted by using the early warning model.The comprehensive potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the soil near the Luanchuan mine concentration area is moderate,and the single element Cd is the main ecological risk factor,with a contribution rate of 53.6%.The overall cumulative degrees of Cu and Pb in the soil are“none-moderate”,Zn and Cd are moderate,Mo has reached an extremely strong cumulative level,Hg,As and Cr risks are not obvious,and the overall cumulative risks order is Mo>Cd>Zn>Cu>Pb>Hg.According to the current accumulation rate and taking the risk screening values for soil contamination of agricultural land as the reference standard,the locations over standard rates of Cu,Zn and Cd will exceed 78%in 90years,and the over standard rate of Pb will reach approximately 57%in 200 years.The cumulative exceeding standard periods of As,Cr and Hg are generally long,which basically indicates that these elements do not pose a significant potential threat to the ecological environment.Mining activities will accelerate the accumulation of heavy metals in soil.With the continuous development of mining activities,the potential pollution risk of heavy metals in the soil of mining areas will also increase.

Environmental significance and hydrochemical characteristics of rivers in the western region of the Altay Mountains,China

Analysis of environmental significance and hydrochemical characteristics of river water in mountainous regions is vital for ensuring water security.In this study,we collected a total of 164 water samples in the western region of the Altay Mountains,China,in 2021.We used principal component analysis and enrichment factor analysis to examine the chemical properties and spatiotemporal variations of major ions(including F-,Cl-,NO_(3)-,SO_(4)^(2-),Li+,Na+,NH4+,K+,Mg^(2+),and Ca^(2+))present in river water,as well as to identify the factors influencing these variations.Additionally,we assessed the suitability of river water for drinking and irrigation purposes based on the total dissolved solids,soluble sodium percentage,sodium adsorption ratio,and total hardness.Results revealed that river water had an alkaline aquatic environment with a mean pH value of 8.00.The mean ion concentration was ranked as follows:Ca^(2+)>SO_(4)^(2-)>Na+>NO_(3)->Mg^(2+)>K+>Cl->F->NH_(4)+>Li+.Ca^(2+),SO_(4)^(2-),Na+,and NO_(3)-occupied 83%of the total ion concentration.In addition,compared with other seasons,the spatial variation of the ion concentration in spring was obvious.An analysis of the sources of major ions revealed that these ions originated mainly from carbonate dissolution and silicate weathering.The recharge impact of precipitation and snowmelt merely influenced the concentration of Cl-,NO_(3)-,SO_(4)^(2-),Ca^(2+),and Na+.Overall,river water was in pristine condition in terms of quality and was suitable for both irrigation and drinking.This study provides a scientific basis for sustainable management of water quality in rivers of the Altay Mountains.

Impact of environmental absorption capacity on PM_(2.5) concentration in China

Air pollution,especially fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))pollution,has a great negative impact on human production and normal life.It is a hot issue of global concern,and it is also a huge test for China’s high-quality socioeconomic development.Environmental absorption capacity(EAC)is the guarantee of the structure and function of a healthy atmospheric environmental system.It plays an important role in the automatic accommodation,absorption,and digestion of air pollutants produced by humans in the process of industrialization and civilization.Understanding the absorption capacity of environmental elements on PM_(2.5),and exploring the impact of EAC on PM_(2.5) concentration are of great significance to the development of new ideas for air pollution control.This paper constructed an index system to calculate the EAC index from two dimensions(natural resource endowment and impact of human activities),analyzed and discussed the impact of EAC on PM_(2.5) concentration and its heterogeneity effect through panel regression model,generalized panel quantile regression based on MCMC optimization and scenario analysis,by using the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2004 to 2017.The results suggested that:(i)The overall level of national EAC was low,and the regional differences were large.EAC was influenced by natural resource endowment and human activities,while natural endowment was the main factor affecting EAC,and human activities were the main factor causing the fluctuation and the regional difference of EAC.(ii)As the result of full sample regression demonstrated,the enhancement of EAC had a significant negative influence on the reduction of PM_(2.5) concentration.In areas with high PM_(2.5) concentration,the effect of EAC was more obvious,but the effect did not necessarily increase with the increase of PM_(2.5) concentration.Also,in extreme cases,the effect did not pass the significance test.(iii)According to the results of heterogeneity effect analysis,the effect of EAC on PM_(2.5) concentration was significantly negative in sustainable scenario and emergency scenario,while the effect was not significant in Soylent Green scenario.The conclusion provides important implications for the prevention and control of air pollution and the improvement of atmospheric environmental quality.

基于图像分析的掘进工作面粉尘颗粒检测方法

基于光散射原理测定粉尘质量浓度只能定时定点手动检测,实时性差,且只能检测出粉尘质量浓度,并不能给出粒径分布范围。目前基于图像分析的粉尘颗粒检测研究主要是针对粉尘质量浓度或粒径分布进行单方面研究,并不能实现粉尘质量浓度和粒径分布范围的同时检测。针对上述问题,提出了一种基于图像分析的掘进工作面粉尘颗粒检测方法,探究图像特征与粉尘质量浓度、粒径分布间的关系。通过粉尘样本收集及图像采集装置,采集粉尘颗粒图像并获取采集图像时的粉尘质量浓度。编写粉尘样本图像处理算法,提取图像的灰度特征、纹理特征、几何特征相关参数。对提取的图像特征与实测粉尘质量浓度进行相关性分析,选取相关性较大的图像特征作为参数建立回归数学模型。提取粉尘颗粒对象像素点个数,结合转换系数,基于几何当量等效面积径计算粉尘粒径大小及分布范围。实验结果表明:实测粉尘质量浓度与建立的图像特征多元非线性回归模型数学模型计算值间的平均相对误差为12.37%,标准实测粒径与几何当量等效面积径得到的粒径分布间的最大相对误差为8.63%,平均相对误差为6.37%,验证了基于图像特征的粉尘质量浓度回归数学模型和基于几何当量等效面积径分布数学模型的准确性。

基于改进蚁群算法的机器人全局路径规划

针对传统蚁群算法存在初始信息素缺乏、收敛速度慢以及无法有效躲避障碍物等问题,文中提出了一种基于改进蚁群算法的全局路径规划。引入正态分布函数改进传统启发函数,提高了算法效率,缩短了算法收敛所需时间。自适应调整信息素挥发系数,限定信息素范围,避免过早收敛。对算法路径平滑处理,缩短路径长度,从而实现机器人的全局路径规划。仿真结果表明,在20×20环境下,文中算法平均迭代次数比传统蚁群算法减少了28代,收敛速度更快。平均拐点减少了33.3%,使路径更为平滑,克服了初始信息素缺乏,加快了收敛速度,减少了拐点数量,能够有效躲避环境中的障碍物,证明了该算法的可行性。

装药过载环境力等效模拟实验技术研究

为解决装药安全可靠性能实验成本高、强过载环境测试难度大等瓶颈问题,以等效模拟弹体侵彻钢板时内部装药过载环境力为目标,基于数值模拟方法,设计了装药过载环境力等效模拟实验装置,并开展了等效模拟实验,突破了同时满足加载压力大于1 GPa和脉冲宽度大于100μs的技术难点。结果表明,弹丸侵彻钢板时装药受到的过载为正弦波单脉冲。在装置中采用波形调整器不仅能够调控加载到待测药表面的波形,还能对压力的衰减产生大幅影响。随着波形调整器厚度的增大,加载在待测药表面的压力逐渐减小,脉冲宽度显著增大;随着飞片厚度增大,飞片获得的驱动速度逐渐减小,加载在待测药表面的压力明显减小,脉冲宽度变化不明显。装药过载环境力模拟装置形成的脉冲特征值与弹丸侵彻钢靶过程的数值模拟结果对比,超压峰值误差最高为5.71%,脉宽误差最高为14.8%,均低于15%,验证了用该装置模拟弹体侵彻钢靶时装药加载状态的等效性。

高岭土对含有Cu^(2+)和Pb^(2+)污水吸附性实验

这是一篇环境工程领域的论文。为了研究高岭土对含有Cu^(2+)和Pb^(2+)污水吸附性能的影响,开展了不同初始浓度、温度、吸附时间、高岭土掺量和pH值作用下高岭土吸附重金属离子实验,并分析了高岭土对Cu^(2+)和Pb^(2+)共同吸附实验结果。结果表明:高岭土吸附金属Pb^(2+)离子的效果要好于高岭土吸附金属Cu^(2+)离子的效果。结合实验结果和经济效益而言,在初始浓度为200 mg/L,pH值为6、温度为30℃,高岭土掺量为1.5 g,吸附时间为2.0 h时,高岭土对金属Pb^(2+)和Cu^(2+)离子的吸附效果较优,其中金属Pb^(2+)离子的吸附量分别达到了56.38、56.22、58.76、35.75、和42.42 mg/g,金属Cu^(2+)离子的吸附量45.99、47.45、47.27、25.26、22.52 mg/g。整体上,高岭土对共同吸附金属离子(Cu^(2+)、Pb^(2+))的吸附量要小于单一离子的吸附量,这是由于两个金属离子在吸附过程中会相互影响对方的吸附过程。Langmuir模型对实验曲线的拟合度要远远高于Freundlich模型对实验曲线的拟合度,这就说明了Langmuir等温吸附模型更加适用于高岭土吸附金属离子吸附量的变化规律,进而证明了高岭土吸附重金属离子属于表面吸附,被吸附的重金属离子都是相互独立存在的。

供应商集中度对企业财务绩效的双刃剑效应——基于组织、战略、环境的匹配视角

近年来,全球供应链面临诸多挑战,供应商断供事件频发,对企业生产经营影响深远。作为供应链上游的供应商是企业重要利益相关者,企业应构建与供应商的良好关系,提升其财务绩效。供应商集中度反映企业与供应商之间交易关系的紧密程度,直接关系到供应链韧性和安全性。因此,理解供应商集中度与企业财务绩效之间的关系对提升供应链韧性、推动产业链供应链结构优化升级至关重要。以2012—2021年我国战略性新兴产业下A股高端制造业上市公司为样本,实证分析供应商集中度对企业财务绩效的双刃剑效应,并基于组织、战略、环境的匹配视角,检验组织特征、战略导向、环境条件等具体情境因素对两者关系的调节作用。组织特征表现为企业规模,战略导向表现为成本领先战略、差异化战略和多元化战略,环境条件表现为环境不确定性。研究发现:供应商集中度与企业财务绩效之间并非是促进或阻碍的单一线性关系,而是呈现倒U形关系。企业规模、环境不确定性削弱供应商集中度与企业财务绩效的倒U形关系。成本领先战略、差异化战略强化供应商集中度与企业财务绩效的倒U形关系,而多元化战略对供应商集中度与财务绩效的倒U形关系不存在显著的调节作用。基于此,企业应根据自身的组织特征、战略导向及外部环境灵活调整与供应商的战略合作关系,与其上游供应商保持稳定但不过分依赖的健康关系,不要被主要供应商绑架。地方政府在制定相关政策时,应警惕供应商过度集中和垄断,防范市场失衡,促进公平竞争,确保产业链的健康和可持续发展。

基于统计学模型的矿区粉尘污染特征及影响因素的定量分析

针对露天矿粉尘无秩序排放引发的生态环境退化问题,选取河曲露天煤矿粉尘产生区域为研究靶区,利用粉尘监测体系获取靶区TSP、PM10、PM2.5及环境指标数据,结合粉尘浓度对不同粒径粉尘分布差异性进行对比分析,引入空气质量浓度分指数法、Pearson关联矩阵分析法和灰色关联法对靶区内核心污染物、不同粒径粉尘内在关联性及环境指标与粉尘浓度的关联度进行深入探讨,基于单变量、多元线性和主成分得分-多元线性回归分析法对粒子变迁演化规律及环境指标对微粉尘权重的影响规律进行定量解析,同时运用均值误差法对MLR和PCA-MLR模型预测的精确度进行验证。结果表明:(1)区域1(采掘场)和3(煤场)不同粒径粉尘浓度均存在超过现行标准二级限值的情况,区域2(交通干道)仅存在超过一级限值的情况。(2)不同区域粉尘污染能力的强弱与IAQI评估结果一致,均为区域1>3>2;当不同区域TSP浓度一致时,域内粉尘污染能力的强弱顺序转变为区域2>3>1,且各区域核心污染物均为PM2.5。(3)不同区域粉尘浓度线性关系较为显著。(4)不同区域MLR模型演算出的多元线性方程的拟合度排序规律与粉尘浓度Pearson关联度趋于一致,且多变量拟合度优于单变量拟合度,结合MRE法检验出不同区域MLR模型预测精度区域3(3.02%)>2(9.46%)>1(10.75%)。(5)区域1中TSP和PM10与气压呈强正相关,PM2.5与相对湿度呈强负相关;区域2中各粒径粉尘均与温度和风速呈强负相关;区域3中仅与温度呈强负相关。(6)微粉尘权重与环境指标的PCA-MLR模型相对于直接MLR模型,预测精确度提高了56.63%和13.41%。

有机酸-硫化零价铁处理高浓度含铬废液及铬铁资源化的研究

针对含铬废液净化污泥杂质含量高、铬含量低导致铬回收难的问题,以有机酸-硫化零价铁为铬废液净化剂,在高效去除废液中铬的同时,可净化污泥并直接制备铬铁合金。通过考察零价铁硫化程度、初始废液pH值、不同有机酸摩尔比、硫化零价铁用量等影响因素对废液铬净化与污泥铬富集的影响,探索铬污泥直接制备铬铁合金工艺。研究显示,采用有机酸-硫化零价铁协同处理后,废液总铬质量浓度可由5 324.1 mg/L降低至4.30 mg/L,与未改性零价铁技术相比,铬净化去除率由65.45%提高至99.92%。净化污泥铬铁元素平均质量分数大于46%,在1 500℃,氩气保护气氛下,添加质量分数为30%碳粉即可成功制备铬铁合金。铬铁合金产物中铬铁元素分布均匀,杂质含量较少。XRD分析显示,硫化零价铁的掺入质量增大可降低合金产品中杂相的生成。研究方法为冶金、化工等行业含铬废液的高效净化及资源化处理提供了一条新路径。

超高性能混凝土与普通混凝土结合面抗腐蚀及力学性能研究

超高性能混凝土与普通混凝土(UHPC-NC)的结合面是影响整体装配式混凝土结构静、动力性能的关键部位。针对不同腐蚀环境中的UHPC-NC试件进行离子腐蚀及力学性能试验,分析了腐蚀机理。结果表明:总体上,UHPC-NC试件NC部分相同位置处的硫酸根离子浓度高于NC整浇试件;在相同腐蚀龄期、相同腐蚀深度下,NC整浇试件的抗氯离子腐蚀性能较UHPC-NC试件好;在硫酸盐及混合溶液中,UHPC-NC试件的劈裂抗拉强度随腐蚀龄期的增长总体呈先增加后降低的趋势;在氯盐溶液中,UHPC-NC试件的劈裂抗拉强度随龄期的变化相对较小;腐蚀前期,硫酸盐腐蚀产物的存在使试件内部结构更加密实,但腐蚀后期由于腐蚀产物的不断累积,体积增大,加速了裂缝的扩展,劣化试件内部结构。

重金属在土壤中的分布、危害与治理技术研究进展

[研究目的]镉、铬、铅、铜和锌等重金属是土壤中的典型有害元素。过量摄入会抑制生物体的生长发育。其在土壤中的分布受到原生地质背景成因和矿山开采、大气沉降、农药化肥施用等人类活动的共同影响。然而不同土地利用类型下的土壤重金属分布特征需要进一步识别,对于典型重金属的危害作用需要进行全面的梳理揭示。[研究方法]通过查阅国内外的相关研究内容,整理典型重金属在土壤中的空间分布特征,总结土壤重金属对生物的影响作用,综述人体暴露在高重金属的土壤与地下水环境下的毒性作用及针对性修复方式。[研究结果]受到原生地质背景和人类活动下土地利用类型的共同影响,造成土壤中重金属含量具有显著的空间变异性。重金属在土壤中的含量不同,会对土壤微生物与植物的生长发育产生不同效应的影响,并通过食物链进入人体累积。当重金属在人体中累积含量过高,会对人体的不同器官和系统产生破坏,威胁人体健康。[结论]应该综合考虑污染方式、污染水平和暴露途径等因素进行针对性的重金属治理。

冻融循环对食用菌预制菌汤品质的影响

为探究冻融循环对食用菌预制菌汤的品质影响,本文以鲜菌汤为参照,对比了冻融过程中微生物数量、菌汤色泽、可溶性蛋白、还原糖、总酚含量等基本指标的变化,并基于超高效液相检测和气相色谱-质谱法分析冻融过程菌汤等鲜度和挥发性风味物质差异。研究表明,首次冻融大幅减少了菌汤的还原糖、总酚和总氨基酸含量,显著降低了菌汤等鲜度和挥发性成分含量,综合影响了菌汤的成分与风味。进一步通过冻融次数(1~5次)之间的对比,反复冻融3次菌汤可溶性蛋白含量相较于冻融1~2次显著降低(P<0.05),此外,等鲜度由1~2次冻融的0.441~0.450 g MSG/100 g直接下降至0.407 g MSG/100 g,同时微生物开始检出。在此后4~5次冻融过程中,虽然菌汤总酚、总氨基酸含量和等鲜度相对稳定,但核苷酸、可溶性蛋白和挥发性成分不断减少且菌落总数不断升高。因此,预制菌汤若需冻融处理则应控制在2次内为宜。

基于改进粒子群算法的综合能源系统多目标优化运行

“双碳”目标下,电力能源系统需要逐步向节能低碳的方向发展,综合能源系统(IES)是解决能源与环保问题的重要举措。目前对IES的研究主要集中在分布式能源、储能并网和多目标优化等方面,智能算法是处理优化问题的重要途径,但随着模型复杂化,传统的智能算法存在收敛性差、容易陷入局部最优的问题。基于此围绕IES经济、环保与稳定运行目标,构建了考虑经济性、环保性及出力不平衡性3个指标的基于改进粒子群算法的IES多目标优化模型。首先,以3个指标最优为目标搭建了IES模型;其次,采用隶属度函数和层次分析法(AHP)进行归一化处理并确定权重系数;最后,引入粒子浓度评价算子改进粒子群算法,对所提模型进行求解,并分析系统在单一目标和多目标情况下的运行结果,验证了模型和算法的有效性。改进算法显著提高了收敛速度,有效避免了粒子陷入局部最优。

基于氧化流动管反应器的多环芳烃大气老化研究

多环芳烃(PAHs)是广泛存在于环境中的一类有机毒害物,其随大气迁移会造成污染物的长距离传输。大气中的PAHs会发生氧化降解(也称为老化),但基于不同类型颗粒物获得的非均相降解速率常数存在数量级的差异,对于实际大气颗粒物中PAHs老化过程的认识较为缺乏。本研究针对PAHs浓度较低的情况(两个观测时段PM2.5中PAHs的平均浓度分别为0.74 ng/m^(3)和0.38 ng/m^(3)),运用氧化流动管反应器(OFR)模拟了环境气溶胶的大气老化过程,对比研究老化前后10种PAHs浓度和组成的差异。结果显示,10种PAHs的非均相反应速率常数范围为0.93×10^(-12)~1.83×10^(-12) cm^(3)/(molecule·s)。大气老化时间从3 d增加到5 d,PAHs浓度的降幅从47%上升为61%,总PAHs的苯并[a]芘(BaP)毒性当量浓度(BaP_(eq))降幅从42%增加到63%,表明大气传输过程中,母体PAHs浓度和毒性均会显著降低。相比于环境样品,老化后的BaP与苯并[g,h,i]苝(BghiP)比值(BaP/BghiP)显著升高,表明该指标在区分机动车与非机动车来源时会造成误判。相关结果对于环境大气中PAHs暴露风险的准确评估和来源判识有重要启示意义。

某深埋输水隧洞放射性环境地质调查与评价

为探究某深埋输水隧洞穿越地层的放射性环境质量,采用原位测试和样品分析等手段,研究隧洞施工期的不利因素。结果表明:隧洞地表沿线的放射性元素含量在背景值变化范围内,未发现放射性异常现象。隧洞穿越的7个钻孔内γ总量和地温测井的结果表明:孔内核素放射性水平较低,基本处于豁免水平,但地温存在异常区域,施工期务必引起重视。钻孔目的层的岩心放射性核素活度浓度低,属于豁免范围内,孔内地下水放射性水平低,满足Ⅲ类地下水要求。辐射防护的计算结果显示,隧洞段地表沿线γ有效剂量当量为0.15 mSv/年,符合国家要求。隧洞段内照射指数和等效镭浓度符合约束值,ZK16钻孔的目的层外照射指数略高于标准值。因此,地下隧洞在施工期需着重关注洞内放射性水平,在辐射异常地段加强岩石采样与分析工作,以保证施工安全。

环境浓度多西环素对斑马鱼焦虑行为、认知记忆能力的影响与肠道菌群变化的关联

为探讨环境浓度多西环素长期暴露对斑马鱼焦虑行为、学习记忆、认知灵活性及肠道菌群的影响,采用不同环境浓度多西环素(0、0.01、0.1和1μg/L)对斑马鱼成鱼进行水体暴露染毒21d后,采用新缸实验、Y迷宫、明暗实验和斑马鱼行为学高通量监测系统方法检测环境浓度多西环素对斑马鱼行为学和肠道菌群的影响。结果表明:在新缸实验中,与对照组相比, 0.01、0.1和1μg/L浓度组斑马鱼平均游泳速度显著降低;随着多西环素浓度升高,斑马鱼最大游泳速度和总游动距离与对照组相比呈现下降趋势,其中1μg/L浓度组同对照组相比差异显著;在底部区域停留时间上,与对照组相比, 0.01、0.1和1μg/L组均有升高, 0.01μg/L差异显著。在Y迷宫实验中, 0.01μg/L浓度组斑马鱼在探索臂停留时间与对照组相比显著增加, 0.1和1μg/L浓度组显著降低;0.01μg/L浓度组斑马鱼在探索臂的转弯角度与对照组相比增加,而0.1和1μg/L浓度组显著降低。在明暗实验中,斑马鱼在光区停留时间随着多西环素浓度增加具有上升的趋势。在斑马鱼行为学高通量监测系统实验中,斑马鱼总游动距离随着多西环素浓度的增加呈现下降趋势,其中1μg/L浓度组同对照组相比差异显著。基于16S rRNA测序技术对肠道菌群进行分析, 12份肠道样本共获得1454814条原始有效序列,筛选后获得1314404条优质序列供后续分析。同时利用DADA2方法降噪,以100%相似度聚类,发现多西环素各浓度组减少了斑马鱼肠道菌群的丰度,博斯氏菌属、副球菌属、不动杆菌等菌属丰度降低,棒状杆菌属和漫游球菌等菌属丰度升高。香农指数、辛普森指数和chao1指数染毒组同对照组相比显著降低,此外,主坐标分析中多西环素组和对照组之间的群落不同。综上,环境浓度多西环素长时间暴露能够引起斑马鱼行为改变,产生焦虑样行为, 0.01μg/L浓度组能够提高斑马鱼短期学习记忆能力和认知灵活性;多西环素长期暴露引起斑马鱼肠道菌群丰度和多样性改变。

基于生态服务价值的中国分区域溃坝环境风险标准研究

溃坝风险标准是大坝管理者进行风险决策的基础,然而溃坝环境风险作为溃坝风险标准的重要内容之一,目前尚没有统一的标准。借鉴生态经济学中关于生态系统服务价值和当量因子法的研究思路,对环境价值进行量化;利用ALARP准则和F-N曲线将溃坝环境风险标准与现有标准进行有效衔接;考虑我国不同区域环境和经济的差异,构建风险偏好矩阵以确定各区域风险偏好情况,进而提出了我国溃坝环境风险标准,并以河南省陆浑水库为例进行了应用说明。