A Study on the Effects of Different Interaction Combinations and Language Levels on Continuous Writing in Online Environments

This study was conducted with non-English sophomore students,aiming to explore the effects of different interaction combinations and language levels on continuous writing in an online environment,and compare the differences in lexical alignments and composition quality of learners with different interaction combinations and language levels in the same continuous writing task through experiments.The results show that the mean values of the word-phrase alignment of the paired group were higher than those of the individual group in different interaction combinations,and the two groups showed significant differences;in terms of composition quality,the individual group was better than the paired group,but there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of task continuation.Secondly,the word-phrase alignment and composition scores of the different language-level groups were higher than those of the same language-level groups,and there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of word-phrase alignments,but not in terms of composition scores.The results of this study can be useful and informative for second language teachers in future continuous teaching in online environments.

Universal Index Formula of Parameterized Combination Operator for Eco-environmental Quality Evaluation

[Objective] The aim was to evaluate the regional eco-environmental quality by using the universal index formula of parameterization combination operator based normalized index values.[Method] Through setting reference values and normalized transformation formulae for typical ecological environmental indexes appropriately,the difference among the standard normalized values would become very small after normalized transformation,and the ecological environmental indices expressed by normalized values can be equivalent to normalized indices.Under certain optimization conditions,shuffled frog leaping based on immune evolutionary particle swarm optimization algorithm was applied to optimize the parameters in parameterization combination operator formula,and the universal index formula suited to eco-environmental quality assessment was established finally.[Result] The universal index formula of parameterization combination operator,appropriate for any m(1≤m≤23) ecological environmental indices,was used to assess the eco-environmental quality of towns surrounding Headland Reservoir,and the results were in full accordance with those of unascertained measure method,that is,the eco-environmental quality of five towns around Headland Reservoir was the fourth grade.[Conclusion]The universal index formula of parameterization combination operator,suited to eco-environmental quality evaluation,is simple and intuitive in form,easy in computation and universal in application.

Environment Promotion and Microclimate Improvement of Old Communities with Combination of Peacetime and Epidemic Situation: A Case Study of Fuguoli Community in Beijing

As the basic unit of a city,community is an important carrier of residents’ healthy life.With the development of society,the environmental status of old communities has been unable to meet the needs of residents’ healthy life,and it is urgent to optimize the community environment.The emergence of novel coronavirus also put forward more strict requirements for the grassroots governance of old communities in China.Taking Fuguoli community in Beijing City as an example,the problems existing in the external environment of old communities were excavated from the perspective of functional requirements,and the distributed green space layout pattern and the dynamic simulation of community microclimate environment was constructed through the method of field survey and numerical simulation.Furthermore,the environmental optimization strategies of old communities with combination of peacetime and epidemic situation were put forward to help the epidemic prevention and control.

Analysis of Commuting Modal Shift in Consideration of Social Interaction of Consciousness for Environment

It is the matter for achievement of the low carbon transport system that the excessive use of private vehicles can be controlled appropriately.Not only improvement of service level of modes except private vehicle,but also consciousness for environmental problem of individual trip maker is important for eco-commuting promotion.On the other hand,consciousness for environment would be changed by influence of other person.Accordingly,it is aimed in the study that the structure of decision-making process for modal shift to the eco-commuting mode in the local city is described considering environmental consciousness and social interaction.For the purpose,the consciousness for the environment problem and the travel behavior of the commuter at the suburban area in the local city are investigated by the questionnaire survey.The covariance structure about the eco-consciousness is analyzed with the database of the questionnaire survey by structural equation modeling.As the result,it can be confirmed with the structural equation model that the individual environmental consciousness is strongly related with the intention of self-sacrifice and is influenced with the local interaction of the individual connections.On the other hand,the intention of modal shift for the commuting mode is analyzed with the database of the questionnaire survey.It can be found out that the environmental consciousness is not statistically significant for commuting mode choice with the present poor level of service of public transport.However,the intention of self-sacrifice for the prevention of the global warming is statistically confirmed as the factor of modal shift with the operation of eco-commuting bus service with the RP/SP integrated estimation method.As the result,the multi-agent simulation system with social interaction model for eco consciousness is developed to measure the effect of the eco-commuting promotion.For the purpose,the carbon dioxide emission is estimated based on traffic demand and road network condition in the traffic environment model.On the other hand,the relation between agents is defined based on the small world network.The proposed multi-agent simulation is applied to measure the effect of the eco-commuting promotion such as improvement of level of service on the public transport or education of eco-consciousness.The effect of the promotion plan can be observed with the proposed multi-agent system.Finally,it can be concluded that the proposed multi-agent simulation with social interaction for eco-consciousness is useful for planning of eco-commuting promotion.

Analysis of the sealing performance of combined sealing structure under deep-sea high pressure environment

For the requirement of safe and stable operation,the combined sealing structure was used for reciprocating motion in the deep sea high-pressure environment,and the effects of different seawater depths and shaft movement speed on the sealing performance of the combined sealing structure were studied.The change rule of the sealing performance of the combined sealing structure of reciprocating motion under different working conditions is proved.The study shows that in the combined sealing structure of reciprocating movement,the Von Mises stress and the contact stress of the O-ring varies with the direction of the shaft movement.The Von Mises stress and contact stress of the O-ring,the Von Mises stress and the contact stress on each sealing lip of the slip ring gradually increase with the increasing of seawater depths.At the same time,the Von Mises stress of the O-ring which in the process of the shaft upward movement is greater than the shaft downward movement,making the shaft upward movement more likely to cause the O-ring relaxation and fatigue.The shaft movement speed has no significant influence on the Von Mises stress and contact stress of the O-ring.The research results provide theoretical guidance and technical support for the selection and optimization of the geometrical parameters of the combined sealing structure in the deep-sea high-pressure environment.

Spatial association between landslides and environmental factors over Guizhou Karst Plateau,China

Guizhou Karst Plateau is located at the center of the karst region in Asia, where landslides are a typical disaster. Affected by the local karst environment, the landslides in this region have their own characteristics. In this study, 3975 landslide records from inventories of the Guizhou karst plateau are studied. The geographical detector method is used to detect the dominant casual factor and predominant multi-factor combinations for the local landslides. The results show that landslides are prone to areas on slopes between 10° and 35°, of clay rock, in close proximity to gullies, and especially in areas of moderate vegetation, dryland, and mild rocky desertification. Continuous precipitation over 10 days has a great effect on landslide occurrence. Compared with the individual factors, the impact of two-factor interaction has greater explanatory power for landslide volume. The volume of earthquake-induced landslides is predominantly controlled by the interactions of faults and slopes, while that of humaninduced landslides is affected by the interactions of land cover and hydrological conditions. For rainfallinduced landslides, the dominant interactions vary in different regions. In the central karst basin, the interactions between faults and precipitation can explain over 90% of the variations in landslide volumes. In the southern hilly karst region, the interactions between lithology and slope can explain over 71% of the variations in landslide volume and those between fault and land-use can explain 50% of the variations of the landslide volumes in the northeastern mountainous karst region.

Combination tanning mechanism inspired environmentally benign catalyst for efficient degradation of tetracycline

The utilization of chelation reaction between metals and tannins is a common tanning method in leather chemistry.Herein,a novel combination tanning mechanism inspired environmentally benign catalyst(CMBT-Fe^(0))was synthesized by immobilizing Fe nanoparticles onto bayberry tannin(BT)grafted chitosan microfibers(CM).The obtained catalyst featured a well-defined microfibrous structure,on which Fe^(0)nanoparticles were highly dispersed to exhibit exceptional catalytic activity for the degradation of tetracycline(TC).The catalytic activity of CMBT-Fe^(0)was 1.72 times higher than that of the commercial Fe^(0)nanoparticles without immobilization,with 95.03%of TC degraded within 90.0 min.The CMBT-Fe^(0)catalysts were recycled 6 times,with the removal rate of TC maintained at 82.56%.Furthermore,a possible mechanism responsible for the catalytic removal of TC was provided by analyzing the catalytic degradation products via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Therefore,our investigation successfully developed efficient catalysts to address the concerned environmental issue of antibiotic pollution.

道阻且长,“行”者将“治”:公共事务的行为治理之道

行为治理是将行为科学洞见应用于公共治理场域而发展出的治理新模式。行为治理关注政府、组织和公民三类核心治理主体在互动过程中的心理、认知及行为规律,并分析治理主体互动关系的元素特征如何影响主体行为,同时更全面地考虑环境因素对微观行为的影响,以及个体行为汇聚为集体行动并产生更广泛治理结果的机制。行为治理呼吁治理工具的组合运用,强调“助推”和“助力”两大行为工具的内部融通,重视行为工具与传统工具的外部联动。行为治理脱胎于行为公共管理和行为公共政策,更强调各主体间的互动性,更重视环境的复杂性,更主张治理工具在内外部及各层次上的融会贯通。行为治理紧扣治理主体的行为要素,自下而上、从微观到宏观,丰富国家治理现代化的思想库和工具箱。

德才兼备视域下环境工程创新人才培养路径探索与实践

新时代背景下环境工程专业面临着创新型人才培养需求与国家绿色发展战略的双重炙烤。在这种形势下,环境工程专业该如何应对自身发展的机遇与挑战,是一个值得深思的问题。该文针对现有环境工程专业人才培养模式的问题和不足,结合学校特色对德才兼备视域下环境工程创新人才培养的路径进行思考与探索,提出“德育”+“能力”共培养的环境工程专业创新人才培养体系,并详细介绍可应用实践的方法、措施,以期对国家省属高校的环境工程专业人才培养有所参考。

中国光伏产业环境成熟度区域异质性研究

论文从政治环境、经济环境、社会文化环境、技术环境和自然环境5个维度构建了光伏产业环境成熟度评价指标体系,采用组合赋权结合云模型方法,对2020年我国各省份光伏产业环境成熟度进行评估。结果表明:(1)我国光伏产业环境成熟度仍有较大提升空间,53.33%的省份仍处于不成熟阶段。(2)光伏产业环境成熟度呈现区域聚集性,中东部地区以及太阳能资源丰富的西部地区成熟度明显高于其他地区。(3)技术环境和政治环境是推动光伏产业发展的重要因素,在发展初期,政策是主要驱动力,进入成长和成熟阶段后,政策支持力度逐渐减弱,技术推动占主导。(4)光伏产业发展存在木桶效应,区域光伏产业环境成熟度的提高需要各维度共同驱动。

合流制排水系统的位置和面积比对径流污染影响的研究

为了研究和控制合流制排水系统中径流污染对城市水环境的影响,采用InfoWorks ICM软件对广州市猎德涌流域的合流制排水系统进行水力水质建模,分析流域在3场降雨事件下合流制区域的不同位置和合流制汇水面积比对径流污染的影响,同时结合M(V)曲线分析管内径流的初期冲刷效应。结果显示,径流中固态悬浮物(Suspended Solids,SS)质量浓度总体呈现先快速上升然后下降的变化势态,而且径流初期的SS质量浓度高于后期。随着位置逐渐远离末端排口,径流污染的峰值逐渐向后推移,初期冲刷效应被削弱,M(V)曲线中前30%的累积径流比例所包含的累积污染负荷分别为44.2%~80.5%、46.3%~81.0%和16.9%~74.2%;随着合流制面积比值从0上升到50%,超标排放的持续时间、体积占比和排污量占比均逐渐提升,分别由28 min上升至126 min、15.64%上升至67.75%和28.38%上升至81.49%,初期冲刷效应越不明显,M(V)曲线散度以面积比值为0~10%的情况最大;降雨形成的管内径流对管渠末端沉积物的冲刷是溢流初期SS质量浓度激增的主要原因。

顾及环境敏感特征的铁路线路方案优选方法研究

为合理地解决环境敏感区铁路线路方案综合优选问题,研究顾及环境敏感特征的铁路线路方案优选方法 .首先,基于文献调研和环境敏感区特征探析,分析总结影响线路方案的因素,构建涵盖4大方面18项指标的顾及环境敏感特征的铁路线路方案优选指标体系.其次,在专家经验主观赋权和工程信息客观赋权的基础上,运用灰色关联分析理论进行组合赋权.然后,结合改进优劣解距离法(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution, TOPSIS)确定各线路方案的相对贴近度,进而实现线路方案优选.最后,以新建铁路西宁至成都线合作至郎木寺段线路方案选择为例进行优选方法验证.研究结果表明:该区段线路的4个备选方案的相对贴近度依次为0.527 9,0.523 6,0.508 7,0.522 7,方案一的相对贴近度最大为最优方案,基于本方法的优选结果与实际专家论证结果一致;与传统TOPSIS比较,基于改进TOPSIS的运算结果避免了计算结果受单方面优势指标影响的弊端,在运算过程中将线路方案涉及的极端优劣指标进行综合权衡考量,得到的运算结果更贴近实际情况.研究成果可为未来环境敏感区线路方案优选问题提供一种新的优选思路.

惯例转移要素分析:来自京津冀地区大气污染治理利基项目间学习的实证研究

针对项目间学习的惯例转移进行研究,梳理了惯例转移的概念及内涵,从理论上探讨惯例转移与内外部环境、知识能力以及团队互动之间的相互作用。基于主成分分析和随机森林模型,构建影响惯例转移的重要因素组合,通过对要素的相互作用和关系的定量化分析,以评价惯例转移难易程度。通过2015—2019年京津冀大气污染治理惯例转移定量分析,发现惯例转移受不同环境要素影响,并且处在不断进化的学习过程中。知识资源、经济环境对于多数惯例转移是重要的、起作用的要素,易于在其他环境中发生转移,而末端型治理增加了知识资源(通用知识)的转移难度。自然资源和自然环境等要素是惯例转移过程的主要冲突因素,使惯例难以在其他环境中发生转移。

基于三维足迹家族模型的资源环境可持续性评价

为探讨资源环境可持续评价研究的重要性,通过建立以生态足迹、水足迹与碳足迹为基本成员的足迹家族模型,引入多个资源环境压力指标,并基于DPSIR框架,运用综合集成法分析确立资源环境可持续性评价指标体系,由随机森林法与层次分析法确定各项指标的组合权重,运用模糊综合评价法分析区域资源环境压力状况与可持续性状况,进而开展了基于三维足迹家族模型的南京市资源环境可持续评价研究。结果表明,2012~2021年南京市水土资源均有占用存量资本,但占用情况整体呈下降趋势,碳足迹处于低压力范围,资源环境可持续性逐年向好;2012~2019年南京市资源环境可持续状况为弱可持续,2020~2021年为强可持续。

环境因子组合和负样本选取策略对花岗岩区崩岗易发性评价的影响

不同环境因子组合和负样本选取策略对崩岗易发性评价结果存在较多不确定性。为探究其对评价结果的影响,该研究以江西省兴国县花岗岩区为例,利用地理探测器探测17个环境因子的统计量q值,根据累计q值百分比大小依次选择4、7、10和17个环境因子进行组合;利用单随机欠采样、频率比法及改进频率比法等负样本选取策略构建与正样本等量的负样本数据集;采用随机森林模型进行易发性评价,并对评价结果进行对比分析。结果表明:1)3种负样本选取策略下的模型精度随着因子数量的增加先下降再上升,考虑4个环境因子的模型AUC(area under curve)值分别为0.729、0.909和0.909,较最优环境因子组合仅相差0.020~0.038,说明考虑主控环境因子,即可得到较为理想的精度;2)通过频率比法选取的负样本数据集更具合理性;3)研究区内高和极高易发区主要分布在兴国县西南部,而极低易发区主要分布在兴国县北部及东部,这与实际情况较吻合。该研究通过探究不同环境因子组合和负样本选取策略对崩岗易发性评价的影响,可为花岗岩区崩岗的防灾减灾提供科学依据。

废弃矿山环境修复工作系统探讨

废弃矿山环境修复是还自然环境“历史旧账”的过程,是环境保护的一项至关重要的工作,该工作涉及领域广泛、投入资金量大、修复时间长、工作任务艰巨。为了优化废弃矿山环境修复工作方式,确保该项工作能够有序高效进行,首先,总结以往废弃矿山环境修复模式在构建过程中的不足之处,包括模式选定流程的缺乏和模式相对应技术的不明确;其次,建立一套能够快速且准确构建的修复模式,并且根据修复模式准确锁定修复技术的工作系统,该工作系统是以矿山的实际环境情况和矿山环境修复基本原则为基础、以修复目标为导向、以修复模式为框架、以修复技术为手段的优化组合;最后,以甘肃省定西市岷县某金矿历史遗留矿山的环境修复工程为实例,分析该工作系统对于废弃矿山环境修复工作的效果。废弃矿山环境修复工作系统的合理性与科学性对建成“绿水青山”的生态环境目标和“可持续发展”的经济建设目标有着深远的影响。

环境污染物联合暴露的人体健康累积风险评估研究进展

环境污染物的联合暴露往往会对人类健康产生意想不到的危害。如何去比较和评估这种危害,一直以来都是国际社会密切关注的问题。目前在人体健康风险评估领域使用较多的4种联合暴露风险评估方法分别为危险指数(hazard index,HI)法、分离点指数(point of departure index,PODI)法、暴露阈值(margin of exposure,MOE)法,以及相对效能因子(relative potency factor,RPF)法。该文综述了这4种方法在具有相同毒性机制的同一类化学物联合暴露的累积风险评估中的应用现状,主要包括以有机磷农药、拟除虫菊酯类农药、氨基甲酸酯类农药和新烟碱类农药为主的农药类,以及与人类生产生活息息相关的典型化合物,如有机磷阻燃剂、全氟化合物和双酚类化合物。此外,该文还概括了生理药代动力学(physiologically based pharmacokinetics,PBPK)模型在人体健康风险评估中的研究进展,为今后开展各类环境污染物联合暴露的人体健康累积风险评估提供可选方法,也为进一步探索和建立更加系统科学的人体健康风险评估方法提供思路。

基于组合权重的城市轨道交通项目效益评价

利用组合权重对城市轨道交通项目效益评价进行研究,以优化轨道交通建设资源分配,使前期建设规划更具有指导性、可行性。首先,选取轨道交通项目的交通效益、环境效益、社会效益三个方面的节约乘客出行时间、减少交通事故、诱增客流、节约能源、减少环境污染、减少噪声影响、发掘经济潜力、促进国土增值和增加就业机会9个指标,构建轨道交通项目效益评价体系。然后,结合AHP(层次分析法)和CRITIC(客观权重法)各自特点,设计组合权重模型对评价指标进行组合权重计算。最后,研究选取成都轨道交通项目数据进行仿真实验。结果表明,组合权重可以弥补单一评价方法的不足,基于组合权重的评价体系得出的指标权重更具有可靠性,并为轨道交通项目前期规划设计提供一定的参考。

复配钝化剂对镉污染稻田修复效果及其对土壤质量的提升

为评估复配钝化剂在真实环境下对Cd污染稻田的钝化修复效果及对土壤环境质量的影响,在安徽某地开展连续3 a的原位钝化修复实验,分析钝化剂对水稻Cd吸收、土壤理化性质、土壤酶活性、土壤微生物群落结构与功能的影响。结果表明:复配钝化剂[1%生物炭+0.2%硅肥(BS)和1%生物炭+0.2%石灰(BL)]显著降低土壤中DTPA提取态Cd含量(29.4%~40.1%);复配钝化剂可使水稻籽粒Cd含量降低60%以上,优于2%的单独生物炭处理,且对水稻产量无不利影响。复配钝化剂使土壤pH、有机质含量(OM)、阳离子交换量(CEC)分别增加了0.77~1.25个单位、13.5%~52.0%、8.4%~38.5%,有效改善了土壤环境质量。土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、FDA水解酶的活性随着BS的施加分别提升了31.3%、38.7%、33.1%。同时,钝化剂还通过改变土壤理化性质(pH、CEC、DTPA提取态Cd含量等)显著改变了土壤微生物群落结构,但对微生物多样性无显著性影响,表明修复后土壤微生物群落生态系统稳定。微生物功能预测表明与碳代谢、能量代谢等新陈代谢相关基因簇的丰度在BS处理下明显提高,证明复配钝化剂降低了重金属的毒性,增加了土壤微生物活性。综上,复配钝化剂BS不仅可以实现Cd污染稻田的原位钝化修复,而且可以有效改善土壤环境质量,提升土壤生态功能。

基于文献计量的微塑料与阻燃剂复合污染环境健康风险研究进展分析

近年来,微塑料(microplastics,MPs)和阻燃剂(flame retardants,FRs)作为2类新污染物,二者的复合污染问题及环境健康风险受到广泛关注。本研究基于Citespace文献计量分析软件以微塑料与阻燃剂的复合污染及环境健康风险为主题进行研究态势、成果聚类、主题演化等方面的可视化分析,为后续把握该领域重点方向提供参考。研究表明,微塑料与阻燃剂复合污染及环境健康风险相关研究起步较晚但发展迅速,该领域内我国研究力量贡献较为突出;微塑料中溴代阻燃剂的环境行为、生物蓄积及毒性效应研究、海洋环境中微塑料与阻燃剂归趋研究、微塑料与阻燃剂对人体的暴露途径及健康影响等内容是此领域的主要聚焦点;微塑料和阻燃剂复合暴露毒性的分子毒理学机制以及二者与其他环境持久性有机物的互作机制是未来重点关注的方向。