The New Technology of Composite Materials Repairing by Light Wave

The repairing of damaged composite materials becomes a hot research subject in the late 1990s.In this paper a new technology of repairing composite materials is given on the basis of our previous research.The light wave of 675nm transmitted by optical fiber is used as repairing light source,special repairable adhesive which can be stimulated by the light is adopted.By comparing the stiffness of the composite material before and after being damaged,it can be concluded that the mechanical property will not be changed with the feasible repairing technology.

Regeneration of spent LiFePO4 as a high-performance cathode material by a simultaneous coating and doping strategy

With the number of decommissioned electric vehicles increasing annually,a large amount of discarded power battery cathode material is in urgent need of treatment.However,common leaching methods for recovering metal salts are economically inefficient and polluting.Meanwhile,the recycled material obtained by lithium remediation alone has limited performance in cycling stability.Herein,a short method of solid-phase reduction is developed to recover spent LiFePO4 by simultaneously introducing Mg2+ions for hetero-atom doping.Issues of particle agglomeration,carbon layer breakage,lithium loss,and Fe3+defects in spent LiFePO4 are also addressed.Results show that Mg2+addition during regeneration can remarkably enhance the crystal structure stability and improve the Li+diffusion coefficient.The regenerated LiFePO4 exhibits significantly improved electrochemical performance with a specific discharge capacity of 143.2 mAh·g^(−1)at 0.2 C,and its capacity retention is extremely increased from 37.9%to 98.5%over 200 cycles at 1 C.Especially,its discharge capacity can reach 95.5 mAh·g^(−1)at 10 C,which is higher than that of spent LiFePO4(55.9 mAh·g^(−1)).All these results show that the proposed regeneration strategy of simultaneous carbon coating and Mg2+doping is suitable for the efficient treatment of spent LiFePO4.

Analysis of the effect of repair materials for orbital blowout fracture on complications

AIM: To investigate the effect of repair materials for orbital blowout fractures on the occurrence of postoperative complications. METHODS: The clinical data and follow-up data of 54 subjects with orbital blowout fractures were retrospectively analyzed. The study was divided into three groups according to the used repair materials: titanium mesh(16 cases), Medpor(12 cases), and Medpor titanium mesh(26 cases). All test data were analyzed using the SPSS version 23.0 statistical software. The mean age and duration of disease between the groups were compared through oneway analysis of variance. The Chi-square(χ~2) test was used to compare the number of males and females, different fracture types, and different surgical approaches among groups. The χ~2 test was used to compare the frequencies for complications in each group.RESULTS: The baseline characteristics of age and gender in each group were matched(F=1.763, P=0.172;χ~2=0.026, P=0.987). In addition, there was no difference in the type of fracture and surgical approach(χ~2=0.460, P=0.977;χ~2=0.691, P=0.952), or the incidence of complications(χ~2=0.081, P=0.960) between the three groups. CONCLUSION: Although there is no difference in effect of various repair materials on the incidence of complications, the effect of repair materials on postoperative complications of orbital blowout fractures should not be ignored.

Biodegradable materials for bone defect repair

Compared with non-degradable materials,biodegradable biomaterials play an increasingly important role in the repairing of severe bone defects,and have attracted extensive attention from researchers.In the treatment of bone defects,scaffolds made of biodegradable materials can provide a crawling bridge for new bone tissue in the gap and a platform for cells and growth factors to play a physiological role,which will eventually be degraded and absorbed in the body and be replaced by the new bone tissue.Traditional biodegradable materials include polymers,ceramics and metals,which have been used in bone defect repairing for many years.Although these materials have more or fewer shortcomings,they are still the cornerstone of our development of a new generation of degradable materials.With the rapid development of modern science and technology,in the 21 st century,more and more kinds of new biodegradable materials emerge in endlessly,such as new intelligent micro-nano materials and cell-based products.At the same time,there are many new fabrication technologies of improving biodegradable materials,such as modular fabrication,3 D and 4 D printing,interface reinforcement and nanotechnology.This review will introduce various kinds of biodegradable materials commonly used in bone defect repairing,especially the newly emerging materials and their fabrication technology in recent years,and look forward to the future research direction,hoping to provide researchers in the field with some inspiration and reference.

Environmental-friendly Ramming Materials for Mud Package and Taphole of Large-scaled Blast Furnaces

The compositions, structures and properties of envi- ronmental-friendly ramming materials for mud package and taphole of large-scaled blast furnaces were studied. The results show that the formation of silica fibers makes structure of ramming materials dense. During the process of extruding mud and ramming materials, SiC is partly oxidized ; CaO , F% 03 and carbon penetrate towards the outer wall. The improvement of ramming materials can inhibit the penetration of molten slag, iron and carbon. The bulk density of environmental-friendly ramming ma- terials dried at 200 ℃ is 2.90 g · cm-3, the cold com- pressive strength of this kind of ramming materials dried at 200 ℃ is about 17. 0 MPa and fired at I 450 ℃ is about 39. 2 MPa.

Preparation and characterization of hemihydrate calcium sulfate-calcium hydroxide composite bone repair materials

Objective:To prepare a bone repair material with certain mechanical strength and biological activity,this paper used calcium sulfate hemihydrate(CSH)powder compounded with calcium hydroxide(Ca(OH)2)powder to prepare a bone repair scaffold material for physicochemical property characterization and testing.Methods:The physical and chemical properties and characterization of the dried and cured bone repair materials were determined by Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and scanning electron microscopy;Universal material testing machine to determine the mechanical and mechanical strength of composite materials.Results:XRD showed that the structure of the composite material phase at 5%concentration was calcium sulfate hemihydrate and calcium hydroxide after hydration.The FT-IR and XRD analyses were consistent.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)results showed that calcium hydroxide was uniformly dispersed in the hemihydrate calcium sulfate material.0%,1%,5%,and 10%specimen groups had compressive strengths of 3.86±3.1,5.27±1.28,8.22±0.96,and 14.4±3.28 MPa.10%addition of calcium hydroxide significantly improved the mechanical strength of the composites,but also reduced the the porosity of the material.Conclusion:With the addition of calcium hydroxide,the CSH-Ca(OH)2 composite was improved in terms of mechanical material and is expected to be a new type of bone repair material.

Editor's Choice—Application of tissue-engineered materials in the repair of spinal cord injury

The development of tissue-engineered technology brings hope to the treatment of spinal cord injury. Preparation of a tissue-engineered spinal cord stent with three-dimensional bionic structure has important value in the construction of tissue-engineered spinal cord and the repair of spinal cord injury. Acellular scaffolds can be produced with chemical extraction,

Structure Characterization and Dephosphorization Effect Analysis of Oyster Shell-silica Micropowder Waste Water Dephosphorization Materials

In this work,the effects of pH value of waste water and initial concentration of phosphorus on dephosphorization materials were investigated.The materials were prepared by shaping,sintering and hydrothermal reshaping oyster shell and silica micro-powder.Different concentrations of phosphorus-contained waste water were simulated with potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution,the effect of dephosphorization was tested with phosphomolybdenum blue spectrophotometer method,and the crystal phase and microstructure of materials were characterized by XRD and SEM methods. It was indicated that dephosphorization was completed in 6 h when the initial phosphorus concentration in waste water was lower than 15 mg/L, and the dephosphorization time prolonged as the increase of phosphorus concentration. It was observed that the pH value of waste water influenced dephosphorization significantly, and neutral subalkalic environment favored dephosphorization. When the pH value was 11, the efficiency of dephosphozation was the greatest. For waste water with an initial concentration of 20 mg/L, the dephosphozation rate is close to 100% in8 h.

The Crack Self-healing Properties of Cement-based Material with EVA Heat-melt Adhesive

An experimental program was carried out to investigate whether EVA （ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer） heat-melt adhesive can potentially act as a self-healing agent in cement-based material. The effects of incorporation of EVA and heating on the properties of mortar were studied. Self-healing capacity of EVA specimens was also verified. The experimental results show that the addition of EVA would not greatly affect original characteristics of the matrix when EVA content was less than 5%; the interface between EVA and cement matrix was well improved after heating, which allows a significant improvement in flexural strength and toughness of specimen; pre-damaged specimens in various degrees （30%, 50% and 70%） were effectively repaired by EVA and the repair efficiency all exceeded 100%.

Study and Application of Sealing Material for Coke Oven Chamber

A kind of dry refractory sealing material has been developed to repair the fine cracks in coke oven chamber. With silica sand as the main raw material, the sealing material is blown into coke oven chamber by compressed air while being applied, and bonded to brick surface or filled in fine cracks of chamber under right pressure. The physical properties of the material are similar to those of silica bricks during its application. So it can be adapted to conditions of coke oven and has good service life. The study and application results of the sealing material are described in this paper.

活性改性剂合成及其对环氧胶黏剂力学与界面粘接性能的影响

综合考虑环氧胶黏剂的施工性能、力学性能及与砂浆界面的粘接性能,利用三羟甲基丙烷三缩水甘油醚(TMPGE)与1,4-丁二醇(BDO),通过控制反应物物质的量比以及反应时间制备了四种低环氧值兼具高羟基含量的预聚体(PPM)。通过1H-NMR、盐酸-丙酮法及凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)对PPM进行了表征。进一步研究了PPM对改性环氧胶黏剂工作性能、固化力学性能、与水泥砂浆粘接强度以及表面性质的影响。结果显示:延长反应时间以及增加BDO用量使PPM的数均分子量更大、环氧值更低。四种PPM改性后,胶黏剂的放热峰值温度降低,可操作时间延长。同时,PPM使环氧固化物的延性显著增加。四种PPM改性后使环氧与水的接触角降低,固化物表面的极性组分升高。XPS分析表明,PPM使环氧固化物的羟基含量显著提高。最后,PPM使胶黏剂对湿砂浆基体的粘接强度提高了一倍以上。

超声检测在复合材料挖补修理结构缺陷检测中的应用

挖补修理是复合材料结构最常用的修理方法。伴随挖补修理技术的发展,修理后结构的强度评估与损伤检测等问题亟待解决。以挖补修理后的层压板结构为例,对其可能产生的缺陷类型进行归纳,对各种类型缺陷的超声特征信号进行分析总结,将超声特征信号和修理工艺特点互相比对验证,为此类结构缺陷超声检测完整判据的建立提供数据积累。

水工混凝土矿化微生物固载及自修复试验研究

直接内掺方式制备微生物自修复混凝土会因拌合的机械挤压摩擦、生存环境受限等因素影响矿化微生物的长期活性。本文选择巴氏芽孢杆菌为矿化微生物,以膨胀珍珠岩和陶粒为微生物载体,以水泥浆和偏高岭土浆液为载体包覆材料,通过试验优选有助于微生物释放和保护的载体及其合理粒径、包覆材料,并研究微生物固载对裂缝自修复效果的影响。结果表明:掺入定量的膨胀珍珠岩的水工混凝土试样劈裂裂缝处拉裂面积比更大,作为水工混凝土微生物固载材料时较陶粒更能有效释放矿化微生物;偏高岭土浆液较水泥浆更适合作为载体的包覆材料,其包覆的微生物14 d存活率为86.63%,有效保证了固载微生物的长期活性;对微生物进行膨胀珍珠岩固载和偏高岭土浆液包覆,修复养护90d裂缝最大修复宽度为0.616mm,高于直接内掺的0.453mm,有效改善了混凝土试件的裂缝自修复效果。

Multifunctional Liquid Metal Active Material for Wound Repair and Motion Monitoring via Free Radical Polymerization Assembly

Bacterial infections and excessive oxidative stress seriously hinder the healing of skin wounds.Traditional wound dressings can only serve as physical barriers and lack active molecules essential for actively promoting wound healing.Herein,an antibacterial and antioxidant liquid metal inorganic active material is developed for wound repair through in situ polymerization of chitosan/acrylic acid precursor solution initiated by tannic acid-coated liquid metal nanoparticles,without extra initiators and ultraviolet (UV) light.The tannic acid component enables the inorganic active material to exhibit antioxidant property,which can remove 90% of free radicals and relieve cellular oxidative stress.The chitosan component endows the inorganic active material with antibacterial property,effectively inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (killing ratio: 90%).In vivo experiment demonstrates that this inorganic active material can promote the healing of Staphylococcus aureus-infected wound,achieving a closure rate of 98.16% on the 9th day.Meanwhile,this inorganic active material exhibits good electrical conductivity,enabling timely and stable monitoring of human joint movements.This work offers a simple strategy for developing multifunctional inorganic active material,which holds great potential for wound repair and motion monitoring.

硼硅酸盐生物活性玻璃的矿化及机理初探

目的探讨硼硅酸盐生物活性玻璃体外矿化成类骨层状结构的机理。方法模拟体内环境,将硅酸盐玻璃(0B)、硼硅酸盐玻璃(2B)和硼酸盐玻璃(3B)浸泡于SBF溶液和含有明胶的SBF溶液中1周;随后采用质量损失分析、SEM、EDS、XRD及FTIR等测试方法对多种生物活性玻璃的矿化产物进行系统分析与比较;采用固体核磁NMR对生物玻璃进行玻璃结构分析。结果浸泡1周后,SEM观察到硼硅酸盐玻璃(2B)和不含硅的硼酸盐玻璃(3B)表面产生层状矿化产物,而硅酸盐玻璃(0B)表面只有一层矿化产物层;XRD和FTIR结果显示3种玻璃的表面产物均为含有部分羟基磷灰石的钙磷化合物;固体核磁波谱(11B)测试结果表明硼硅酸盐玻璃(2B)和不含硅的硼酸盐玻璃(3B)都存在大量[BO_(3)]平面三角体。最后,当硼硅酸盐玻璃(2B)浸泡在含有明胶的SBF溶液后,其矿化产物仍能维持层状结构;通过EDS分析可知形成明胶有机层和含羟基磷灰石的无机层相互堆积的特殊层状结构。结论2B和3B玻璃内部存在大量[BO_(3)]平面三角体所构造的二维平面结构。矿化过程中,不溶性反应物沉积在二维平面结构上,从而使矿化产物呈现层状结构。在浸泡液中添加一定量的明胶后,其可以有效地与硼硅酸盐玻璃的层状矿化结构相互匹配结合,最终堆叠形成有机相层与无机层相互交错的特殊结构。

含裂纹油气管道CFRP修复数值研究

裂纹缺陷引发的管道强度下降是埋地油气管道的主要事故原因之一,而高强度、高模量、耐腐蚀的碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)可以很好地缠绕修复缺陷管段。针对有/无CFRP修复20钢含矩形裂纹缺陷管道,采用ANSYS有限元软件模拟内压载荷作用下含裂纹管道修复前后的响应过程,分析了裂纹角度、裂纹长度、裂纹深度、修复长度及修复厚度等参数对含裂纹管道强度的影响规律。研究表明,含裂纹管道的最大Mises等效应力随着裂纹与管道轴向夹角的减小、裂纹长度和深度的增大而增大,内压的增大加剧了缺陷参数对管道强度的影响程度。在工程中要严格控制裂纹在深度和长度方向的扩展,在内部减压后再维修含裂纹管道。CFRP修复厚度是修复后含裂纹管道强度的主要影响因素,随着修复厚度一定程度的增大,含裂纹管道最大Mises等效应力呈线性下降。

矿用喷涂堵漏风自修复材料性能研究及工程应用

喷涂堵漏风是防止煤自燃的有效手段之一。针对传统水泥基喷涂堵漏风材料脆性大、易开裂、堵漏风效果差的弊端,提出以微生物及结晶矿物为自愈合剂,研制出生物胶囊和矿物胶囊以及一种生物–矿物–纤维协同自修复材料。研究了不同养护湿度和养护时间对材料裂缝自修复能力的影响。结果表明:当养护湿度为100%相对湿度、养护时间为35 d时,研制的生物胶囊和矿物胶囊可以将裂缝完全修复,裂缝最大修复宽度为1260μm。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线能谱仪(EDS)探究了自修复材料裂缝区域修复产物的晶型及元素组成,发现裂缝处的修复产物为球碳镁石、花瓣状的水菱镁矿以及大量由细菌矿化产生的球形方解石,这些修复产物在一定程度上起到了密闭裂缝的作用;EDS能谱分析证实了修复产物为MgCO_(3)和CaCO_(3)。当养护湿度为100%时,材料具有最高的堵漏风率(97.15%),比同养护条件的对照组试样高出73.62%。最后将自修复材料用于沿空煤柱喷涂堵漏风,结果显示该材料在6个月内未发现明显裂隙,与传统水泥砂浆相比,该材料具有更长的使用寿命和更好的预防效果。

建筑装饰材料智能修复涂层制备方法探析

随着社会经济的发展,建筑装饰材料的使用不可或缺,其长久性和稳定性受自然环境腐蚀的考验。施加涂层是有效的防腐手段,解决自修复涂层稳定性和长久性的问题也是防腐科学研究和实际应用的前沿。综述了几种常见的自修复涂层的制备及防腐机制:外援型自修复涂层,在涂料中添加含成膜物质/缓蚀剂的微胶囊,当涂层受到机械冲击后胶囊随之破裂并释放成膜物质/缓蚀剂,形成保护膜或抑制电化学反应保护金属基底;本征型自修复涂层,其涂层基质对环境因素敏感,在环境刺激下通过恢复涂层基质聚合物网络中内在化学键和/或物理构象而修复涂层,其主要包括动态键型和形状记忆型自修复涂层;多重自修复涂层,通过将含有成膜剂/缓蚀剂的微胶囊掺进可恢复涂层基质聚合物中,使其兼顾外援型和本征型自修复涂层的性能。总的来说,自修复涂层的防腐机制主要是通过在涂层中添加缓蚀剂/成膜物质或使涂层恢复活性来抑制涂层下的金属电化学腐蚀,目前建筑装饰用的自修复防腐涂层已逐步应用到建筑防腐工程中,但仍需要在多个方面进行更加深入的研究,多重自修复涂层是未来自修复涂层研究和应用发展的方向,其长效稳定性及制备工艺是主要的科学问题。

创面组织再生修复材料的安全性和有效性评价技术研究进展

新型组织再生修复生物材料具有促进创面细胞增生和迁移,加速创面愈合速度和提高创面愈合质量的作用。随着这类新型材料的不断涌现,传统的评价方法和技术在一定程度上已经不完全适用,因此就新型创面再生修复材料的表征以及生物安全性和有效性评价的最新研究进展进行了总结。介绍了这类材料的化学性能、降解吸收、物理性能以及生物相容性评价要求,重点综述了新建立的有效评价技术,包括体外细胞增殖、细胞迁移、体外屏蔽保护、微血管形成试验,以及体内动物创伤模型的建立和创面愈合有效性评价方法。