Since the last decade deep brain stimulation has been proposed as an alternative treatment for patients who do not become seizure-free with the current pharmacological treatments and cannot undergo resective surgical ...Since the last decade deep brain stimulation has been proposed as an alternative treatment for patients who do not become seizure-free with the current pharmacological treatments and cannot undergo resective surgical procedure. However, the optimal stimulation parameters remain undetermined and active research in humans and animals is necessary. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of unilateral Low Frequency Stimulation (LFS) of hippocampus on seizure development by using the hippocampal rapid kindling method (hRK) in rats. We used male Wistar rats implanted with electrodes in the ventral hippocampus. All rats underwent hRK (biphasic square wave pulses, 20 Hz for 10 seconds) during three consecutive days (twelve stimulations per day). The control group (hRK;n = 6) received only RK stimulus, while the treated group (LFS-hRK;n = 8) received also LFS (biphasic square wave pulses, 1 Hz for 30 seconds) immediately before the RK stimulus, during three consecutive days. At the end of behavioral testing on day 3, 62% (P < 0.05) of the animals receiving LFS treatment were still not fully kindled staying in stages 0-III (P < 0.01). The number of stimulations needed to achieve generalized seizures (stage IV-V of Racine scale) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the LFS group with respect to control group. No significant differences in the cumulative daily afterdischarge duration were observed between both groups. These findings suggest that preemptive LFS can significantly decrease the incidence of hippocampus-kindled seizures and delay the progression and secondary generalization of focal seizures.展开更多
Epilepsy is one of the most common serious neurological disorders. Pharmacoresistant epilepsy patients are poorly controlled or their seizures are refractory to drug treatment. Resective surgery is frequently a promis...Epilepsy is one of the most common serious neurological disorders. Pharmacoresistant epilepsy patients are poorly controlled or their seizures are refractory to drug treatment. Resective surgery is frequently a promising therapy in this population, however, not all the patients meet the eligibility criteria for the surgical treatment. Deep brain stimulation has been investigated in clinical studies and animal studies as an alternative treatment, but the optimal stimulation parameters remain an issue. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of unilateral high-frequency stimulation (HFS) of hippocampus on seizure development by using the hippocampal rapid kindling method (hRK) in rats, and compared the results with those of low-frequency stimulation previously published by our group. We used male Wistar rats implanted with electrodes in the ventral hippocampus. All rats underwent hRK (biphasic square wave pulses, 20 Hz for 10 seconds) during three consecutive days (twelve stimulations per day). The control group (hRK;n = 7) received only RK stimulus, while the treated group (HFS-hRK;n = 9) received also HFS (biphasic square wave pulses, 130 Hz for 30 seconds) immediately before the RK stimulus, during three consecutive days. At the end of behavioral testing 78% (p 0.01) of the animals receiving HFS treatment were still not fully kindled staying in stages 0 -III (p 0.01). HFS group needed a higher number of stimulations to achieve stage III (p 0.05) with respect to control group. However, no significant differences in the cumulative daily afterdischarge duration were observed. HFS did not present significant differences compared with LFS in any of studied parameters. The findings suggest that unilateral HFS applied on hippocampus effectively inhibited the epileptogenic process induced by hippocampal rapid kindling. According to the comparative results about hippocampal rapid kindled animals stimulated with HFS and LFS (5 Hz), we found no conclusive information on which treatment is most efficient.展开更多
目的：观察比较不同脉冲波形的低频率电刺激对海马电点燃癫痫模型小鼠的作用差异。方法：采用电点燃刺激法建立小鼠癫痫模型，观察正弦波、单相方波、双相方波低频率电刺激对模型小鼠癫痫行为发作及后放电持续时间的影响，并比较不同时...目的：观察比较不同脉冲波形的低频率电刺激对海马电点燃癫痫模型小鼠的作用差异。方法：采用电点燃刺激法建立小鼠癫痫模型，观察正弦波、单相方波、双相方波低频率电刺激对模型小鼠癫痫行为发作及后放电持续时间的影响，并比较不同时间点给予正弦波低频率电刺激的抗癫痫作用。结果：与对照组比较，正弦波低频率电刺激30 s能降低小鼠海马电点燃癫痫发作等级（2．85±0．27 vs 4．75±0．12，P＜0．05）、减少大发作概率（53．6％ vs 96．5％，P＜0．01）和缩短后放电持续时间[（16．22±1．69）s vs （30．29±1．12）s，P＜0．01]，而单相方波和双相方波低频率电刺激30 s没有明显的抗癫痫作用。常用的单相方波低频率电刺激15 min能降低小鼠海马电点燃发作等级（3．58±0．16，P＜0．05）、减少大发作概率（66．7％，P＜0．01）；但对海马后放电持续时间及大发作持续时间无影响（均P＞0．05）。此外，电点燃刺激前预先给予或结束后3 s内给予正弦波低频率电刺激具有明显的抗癫痫作用（ P＜0．05或P＜0．01） ，而电点燃刺激结束10 s给予正弦波低频率电刺激则无上述抗癫痫作用。结论：低频率电刺激抗癫痫作用受波形参数的影响，其中正弦波低频率电刺激能有效抑制小鼠海马电点燃癫痫的发作。展开更多
文摘Since the last decade deep brain stimulation has been proposed as an alternative treatment for patients who do not become seizure-free with the current pharmacological treatments and cannot undergo resective surgical procedure. However, the optimal stimulation parameters remain undetermined and active research in humans and animals is necessary. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of unilateral Low Frequency Stimulation (LFS) of hippocampus on seizure development by using the hippocampal rapid kindling method (hRK) in rats. We used male Wistar rats implanted with electrodes in the ventral hippocampus. All rats underwent hRK (biphasic square wave pulses, 20 Hz for 10 seconds) during three consecutive days (twelve stimulations per day). The control group (hRK;n = 6) received only RK stimulus, while the treated group (LFS-hRK;n = 8) received also LFS (biphasic square wave pulses, 1 Hz for 30 seconds) immediately before the RK stimulus, during three consecutive days. At the end of behavioral testing on day 3, 62% (P < 0.05) of the animals receiving LFS treatment were still not fully kindled staying in stages 0-III (P < 0.01). The number of stimulations needed to achieve generalized seizures (stage IV-V of Racine scale) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the LFS group with respect to control group. No significant differences in the cumulative daily afterdischarge duration were observed between both groups. These findings suggest that preemptive LFS can significantly decrease the incidence of hippocampus-kindled seizures and delay the progression and secondary generalization of focal seizures.
文摘Epilepsy is one of the most common serious neurological disorders. Pharmacoresistant epilepsy patients are poorly controlled or their seizures are refractory to drug treatment. Resective surgery is frequently a promising therapy in this population, however, not all the patients meet the eligibility criteria for the surgical treatment. Deep brain stimulation has been investigated in clinical studies and animal studies as an alternative treatment, but the optimal stimulation parameters remain an issue. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of unilateral high-frequency stimulation (HFS) of hippocampus on seizure development by using the hippocampal rapid kindling method (hRK) in rats, and compared the results with those of low-frequency stimulation previously published by our group. We used male Wistar rats implanted with electrodes in the ventral hippocampus. All rats underwent hRK (biphasic square wave pulses, 20 Hz for 10 seconds) during three consecutive days (twelve stimulations per day). The control group (hRK;n = 7) received only RK stimulus, while the treated group (HFS-hRK;n = 9) received also HFS (biphasic square wave pulses, 130 Hz for 30 seconds) immediately before the RK stimulus, during three consecutive days. At the end of behavioral testing 78% (p 0.01) of the animals receiving HFS treatment were still not fully kindled staying in stages 0 -III (p 0.01). HFS group needed a higher number of stimulations to achieve stage III (p 0.05) with respect to control group. However, no significant differences in the cumulative daily afterdischarge duration were observed. HFS did not present significant differences compared with LFS in any of studied parameters. The findings suggest that unilateral HFS applied on hippocampus effectively inhibited the epileptogenic process induced by hippocampal rapid kindling. According to the comparative results about hippocampal rapid kindled animals stimulated with HFS and LFS (5 Hz), we found no conclusive information on which treatment is most efficient.
文摘目的：观察比较不同脉冲波形的低频率电刺激对海马电点燃癫痫模型小鼠的作用差异。方法：采用电点燃刺激法建立小鼠癫痫模型，观察正弦波、单相方波、双相方波低频率电刺激对模型小鼠癫痫行为发作及后放电持续时间的影响，并比较不同时间点给予正弦波低频率电刺激的抗癫痫作用。结果：与对照组比较，正弦波低频率电刺激30 s能降低小鼠海马电点燃癫痫发作等级（2．85±0．27 vs 4．75±0．12，P＜0．05）、减少大发作概率（53．6％ vs 96．5％，P＜0．01）和缩短后放电持续时间[（16．22±1．69）s vs （30．29±1．12）s，P＜0．01]，而单相方波和双相方波低频率电刺激30 s没有明显的抗癫痫作用。常用的单相方波低频率电刺激15 min能降低小鼠海马电点燃发作等级（3．58±0．16，P＜0．05）、减少大发作概率（66．7％，P＜0．01）；但对海马后放电持续时间及大发作持续时间无影响（均P＞0．05）。此外，电点燃刺激前预先给予或结束后3 s内给予正弦波低频率电刺激具有明显的抗癫痫作用（ P＜0．05或P＜0．01） ，而电点燃刺激结束10 s给予正弦波低频率电刺激则无上述抗癫痫作用。结论：低频率电刺激抗癫痫作用受波形参数的影响，其中正弦波低频率电刺激能有效抑制小鼠海马电点燃癫痫的发作。
