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STUDY ON HYDROLYSIS RESISTANT POLYCARBONATE POLYURETHANE EPOXY RESIN BLENDS
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作者 陈同蕙 高悦 +1 位作者 黎汉生 张敏莲 《Transactions of Tianjin University》 EI CAS 1998年第2期55-58,共4页
This paper studies the structure and properties of the polycarbonate polyurethane epoxy resin (PCPU EP) blends being resistant to hydrolysis.The samples were analyzed by an infrared spectrome... This paper studies the structure and properties of the polycarbonate polyurethane epoxy resin (PCPU EP) blends being resistant to hydrolysis.The samples were analyzed by an infrared spectrometer,a differential scanning calorimeter,a scanning electron microscope and a dynamic viscoelastometer.The results show that PCPU EP blends have excellent resistance to hydrolysis and mechanical properties at the ratio of PCPU to EP equal to 10/100 (wt/wt). 展开更多
关键词 POLYCARBONATE polyurethane epoxy resin resistance to hydrolysis
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Propagation Properties of Shock Waves in Polyurethane Foam based on Atomistic Simulations 被引量:1
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作者 Zhiqiang Hu Jianli Shao +2 位作者 Shiyu Jia Weidong Song Cheng Wang 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期117-129,共13页
Porous materials are widely used in the field of protection because of their excellent energy absorption characteristics.In this work,a series of polyurethane microscopic models are established and the effect of poros... Porous materials are widely used in the field of protection because of their excellent energy absorption characteristics.In this work,a series of polyurethane microscopic models are established and the effect of porosity on the shock waves is studied with classical molecular dynamics simulations.Firstly,shock Hugoniot relations for different porosities are obtained,which compare well with the experimental data.The pores collapse and form local stress wave,which results in the complex multi-wave structure of the shock wave.The microstructure analysis shows that the local stress increases and the local velocity decreases gradually during the process of pore collapse to complete compaction.Finally,it leads to stress relaxation and velocity homogenization.The shock stress peaks can be fitted with two exponential functions,and the amplitude of attenuation coefficient decreases with the increase of density.Besides,the pore collapse under shock or non-shock are discussed by the entropy increase rate of the system.The energy is dissipated mainly through the multiple interactions of the waves under shock.The energy is dissipated mainly by the friction between atoms under non-shock. 展开更多
关键词 polyurethane foam Shock wave ATTENUATION Atomistic simulation
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Improving Damping Properties and Thermal Stability of Epoxy/Polyurethane Grafted Copolymer by Adding Glycidyl POSS 被引量:8
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作者 Ge-Liang Zhu Di Han +2 位作者 Ye Yuan Feng Chen Qiang Fu 《Chinese Journal of Polymer Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第11期1297-1302,共6页
Modified castor oil-based epoxy resin (EP)/polyurethane (PU) grafted copolymer by glycidyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (glycidyl POSS) was synthesized. The damping properties, thermal stability, mechani... Modified castor oil-based epoxy resin (EP)/polyurethane (PU) grafted copolymer by glycidyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (glycidyl POSS) was synthesized. The damping properties, thermal stability, mechanical properties and morphology of the grafted copolymer modified by glycidyl POSS were studied systematically. The results revealed that the incorporation of glycidyl POSS improved the damping performance evidently and broadened damping temperature range, especially when the glycidyl POSS content was 0.2%-1%. At the same time, there was a slight increase in thermal stability with the increase of POSS content. The tensile properties changed with the change of the copolymer's Tg, decreased at low POSS contents and increased at high POSS contents. This modified copolymer has the potential to be used as film damping material or constrained damping layer. 展开更多
关键词 epoxy polyurethane POSS DAMPING Thermal stability
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Experimental investigation on weak shock wave mitigation characteristics of flexible polyurethane foam and polyurea 被引量:1
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作者 Shiyu Jia Cheng Wang +2 位作者 Wenlong Xu Dong Ma Fangfang Qi 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期179-191,共13页
In recent years,explosion shock wave has been considered as a signature injury of the current military conflicts.Although strong shock wave is lethal to the human body,weak shock wave can cause many more lasting conse... In recent years,explosion shock wave has been considered as a signature injury of the current military conflicts.Although strong shock wave is lethal to the human body,weak shock wave can cause many more lasting consequences.To investigate the protection ability and characteristics of flexible materials and structures under weak shock wave loading,the blast wave produced by TNT explosive is loaded on the polyurethane foam with the density of 200.0 kg/m3(F-200)and 400.0 kg/m3(F-400),polyurea with the density of 1100.0 kg/m^(3)(P-1100)and structures composed of the two materials,which are intended for individual protection.Experimental results indicate that the shock wave is attenuated to weak pressure disturbance after interacting with the flexible materials which are not damaged.The shock wave protective capability of single-layer materials is dependent on their thickness,density and microscopic characteristics.The overpressure,maximum pressure rise rate and impulse of transmitted wave decrease exponentially with increase in sample thickness.For the same thickness,F-400 provides better protective capability than F-200 while P-1100 shows the best protective capability among the three materials.In this study,as the materials are not destroyed,F-200 with a thickness more than10.0 mm,F-400 with a thickness more than 4.0 mm,and P-1100 with a thickness more than 1.0 mm can attenuate the overpressure amplitude more than 90.0%.Further,multi-layer flexible composites are designed.Different layer layouts of designed structures and layer thickness of the single-layer materials can affect the protective performance.Within the research range,the structure in which polyurea is placed on the impact side shows the optimal shock wave protective performance,and the thicknesses of polyurea and polyurethane foam are 1.0 mm and 4.0 mm respectively.The overpressure attenuation rate reached maximum value of 93.3%and impulse attenuation capacity of this structure are better than those of single-layer polyurea and polyurethane foam with higher areal density. 展开更多
关键词 Free-field explosion Weak shock wave mitigation POLYUREA polyurethane foam Multi-layered composites
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Curing mechanism of TDE-85/MeTHPA epoxy resin modified by polyurethane 被引量:2
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作者 李芝华 郑子樵 +1 位作者 任冬燕 黄耀鹏 《Journal of Central South University of Technology》 EI 2007年第3期296-300,共5页
Diglycidyl 4,5-epoxy tetrahydro phthalate/methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride (TDE-85/MeTHPA) epoxy resin modified by polyurethane (PU) was prepared with 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BDO), trimethylol propane (TMP) and... Diglycidyl 4,5-epoxy tetrahydro phthalate/methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride (TDE-85/MeTHPA) epoxy resin modified by polyurethane (PU) was prepared with 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BDO), trimethylol propane (TMP) and polyurethane prepolymer synthesized by polypropylene glycol and toluene diisocynate. Chemical reaction and curing mechanism of this system were discussed by incorporating the results of infra spectrum analysis. The results indicate that the epoxy polymeric network I is obtained by the curing reaction between TDE-85 and MeTHPA, while the PU polymeric network II is obtained by the chain-extended and crosslinking reaction between 1,4-BDO, TMP and polyurethane prepolymer(PUP). The graft chemical bonds are formed between polymer networks I and II that therefore increase the degree of blend and compatibility between epoxy polymer and PU. 展开更多
关键词 polyurethane epoxy resin MODIFICATION curing mechanism
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Structural characteristics and properties of polyurethane modified TDE-85/MeTHPA epoxy resin with interpenetrating polymer networks 被引量:2
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作者 李芝华 黄耀鹏 +1 位作者 任冬燕 郑子樵 《Journal of Central South University of Technology》 EI 2008年第3期305-308,共4页
Diglycidyl-4,5-epoxycyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate(TDE-85)/methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride (MeTHPA) epoxy resin was modified with polyurethane(PU) and the interpenetrating polymer networks(IPNs) of PU-modified TDE-... Diglycidyl-4,5-epoxycyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate(TDE-85)/methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride (MeTHPA) epoxy resin was modified with polyurethane(PU) and the interpenetrating polymer networks(IPNs) of PU-modified TDE-85/MeTHPA resin were prepared. The structural characteristics and properties of PU-modified TDE-85/MeTHPA resin were investigated by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectrum,emission scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and thermogravimetry(TG). The results indicate that epoxy polymer network (Ⅰ) and polyurethane polymer network (Ⅱ) of the modified resin can be obtained and the networks (Ⅰ) and (Ⅱ) interpenetrate and tangle highly each other at the phase interface. The micro morphology presents heterogeneous structure. The integrative properties of PU-modified TDE-85/MeTHPA epoxy resin are improved obviously. The PU-modified TDE-85/ MeTHPA resin's tensile strength reaches 69.39 MPa,the impact strength reaches 23.56 kJ/m,the temperature for the system to lose 1% mass (t1%) is 300 ℃,and that for the system to lose 50% mass (t50%) is 378 ℃. Compared with those of TDE-85/MeTHPA resin,the tensile strength,impact strength,t1% and t50% of the PU-modified resin increases by 48%,115%,30 ℃,11 ℃,respectively. The PU-modified TDE-85/MeTHPA resin has the structure characteristics and properties of interpenetrating polymer networks. 展开更多
关键词 polyurethane epoxy resin interpenetrating polymer networks tensile strength impact strength thermal stability
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DynamicMechanical and Chemorheology Analysis for the Blended Epoxy System with Polyurethane Modified Resin 被引量:2
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作者 Xue Xin Yu Rong +6 位作者 Linping Su Zhengmei Qiu Chenjun Yang Ming Liang Ping Ji Guoqiang Zhong Zhanyong Yao 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 SCIE EI 2022年第4期1081-1095,共15页
As the important matrix material,epoxy resin has been widely used in the composites for various fields.On account of the poor toughness of epoxy resin limiting their suitability for advanced applications,considerable ... As the important matrix material,epoxy resin has been widely used in the composites for various fields.On account of the poor toughness of epoxy resin limiting their suitability for advanced applications,considerable interests have been conducted to modify the epoxy resin to meet the engineering requirements.In this study,the bio-based polyurethane(PU)modified resin was adopted to modify the pure bisphenol-A epoxy by blending method with various proportions.Aiming to illuminate the curing behavior,mechanical and thermal properties,the blended epoxy systems were characterized by viscosity-time analysis,dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA)at different frequencies and temperatures,mechanical tensile test,thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)spectroscopy.The results indicated that the introduction of PU modified epoxy was found to significantly inhibit the viscosity growth rates especially when the content of PU modified epoxy resin is higher than 60%.Notwithstanding the dynamic modulus and T_(g)reduced with the increment of PU modified epoxy,remarkable increment on the elongation at break was found and the flexibility was greatly promoted with the introduction of PU modified epoxy.The proportion of PU modified epoxy in the blends should be put balance considerations to obtain optimal mechanical properties.TGA results and FTIR spectrum demonstrated that the addition of PU modified epoxy did not change the thermal decomposition mechanism and chemical reaction mechanism,but the addition of PU modified epoxy inhibits the curing reaction of epoxy resin by measured and calculated the damping temperature domainT from 35.7℃ to 48.9℃. 展开更多
关键词 Dynamic mechanical property chemorheology analysis blended epoxy system polyurethane modified resin
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Synthesis and Characterization of Polyurethane and Epoxy Resin Interpenetrating Polymer Network 被引量:1
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作者 吴晓燕 杨晓慧 +1 位作者 刘允航 王新灵 《Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science)》 EI 2005年第2期193-196,202,共5页
A series of Polyurethane (PU)/bisphenol A based Epoxy Resin(EP) Interpenetrating Polymer Networks(IPN) were synthesized and characterized by SEM, DSC, TGA and DMTA. It was found that IPN shows the best compatibility a... A series of Polyurethane (PU)/bisphenol A based Epoxy Resin(EP) Interpenetrating Polymer Networks(IPN) were synthesized and characterized by SEM, DSC, TGA and DMTA. It was found that IPN shows the best compatibility and damping properties when the ratio of PU/EP is 80 to 20. The results show that chain-extender and higher molecular weight of PPG are able to improve the properties of compatibility, damping and thermal properties. 展开更多
关键词 interpenetrating polymer networks(IPN) polyurethane epoxy resin compatibility damping (properties)
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Synthesis and Characterization of Nonionic Waterborne Polyurethane and Application to Wool Fabric Finishing
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作者 殷映婷 FENG Mao +1 位作者 姚金波 牛家嵘 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期497-505,共9页
A nonionic waterborne polyurethane(WPU) was synthesized by the self-emulsification method using polyether diol(N220),isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI),trimethylolpropane poly(ethylene glycol monomethyl ether)(N120),1,4-bu... A nonionic waterborne polyurethane(WPU) was synthesized by the self-emulsification method using polyether diol(N220),isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI),trimethylolpropane poly(ethylene glycol monomethyl ether)(N120),1,4-butanediol(BDO) and trimethylolpropane(TMP) as the main materials.The effects of the NCO/OH ratio on the emulsion and film properties of NWPU were explored.The experimental results show that the NWPU prepared at an NCO/OH ratio of 1.1 has good emulsion stability and easy film formation,and the resultant film was elastic,soft,and transparent.The sample was used for wool finishing and the application performance was evaluated.When the NWPU dosage reached 40 g·L^(-1),the fabric area felt shrinkage rate reduced from 8.97% to 4.75%,the pilling rating raised from grade 2-3 to grade 4,and the whiteness value only decreased by 3.87%. 展开更多
关键词 waterborne polyurethane NONIONIC wool finishing ANTI-PILLING anti-shrinking
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Synthesis of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Aluminum Hypophosphite Microspheres Flame Retardant and Its Flame Retardant Research on Thermoplastic Polyurethane
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作者 刘生鹏 XU Zhi +5 位作者 ZHANG Xinyuan WEI Huan XIONG Yun DING Yigang HUANG Wenbo 许莉莉 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期221-233,共13页
Aluminum hypophosphite microspheres(AHP) were synthesized by hydrothermal method using NaH2PO2·H2O and AlCl3·6H2O as raw materials, and then the AHP microspheres were polymerized by surface polymerization of... Aluminum hypophosphite microspheres(AHP) were synthesized by hydrothermal method using NaH2PO2·H2O and AlCl3·6H2O as raw materials, and then the AHP microspheres were polymerized by surface polymerization of micro-nanospheres with cyclic cross-linked poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol)(PZS). A new organic-inorganic poly(phosphonitrile)-modified aluminum hypophosphite microspheres(PZS-AHP) were synthesized by encapsulation and applied to flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU). The microstructure and chemical composition of the PZS-AHP microsphere were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray spectroscopy. The thermal stability of PZS-AHP microsphere was explored with thermogravimetric analysis. Thermogravimetric data indicate that the PZS-AHP microspheres have excellent thermal stability. The thermal and flame-retarding properties of the TPU composites were evaluated by thermogravimetric(TG), limited oxygen index tests(LOI), and cone calorimeter test(CCT). The TPU composite achieved vertical burning(UL-94) V-0 grade and LOI value reached 29.2% when 10 wt% PZS-AHP was incorporated. Compared with those of pure TPU, the peak heat release rate(pHRR) and total heat release(THR) of TPU/10%PZS-AHP decreased by 82.2% and 42.5%, respectively. The results of CCT indicated that PZS-AHP microsphere could improve the flame retardancy of TPU composites. 展开更多
关键词 POLYPHOSPHAZENE thermoplastic polyurethane flame retardancy aluminum hypophosphite surface polymerization
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Large-scale model testing of high-pressure grouting reinforcement for bedding slope with rapid-setting polyurethane
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作者 ZHANG Zhichao TANG Xuefeng +2 位作者 LIU Kan YE Longzhen HE Xiang 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第9期3083-3093,共11页
Bedding slope is a typical heterogeneous slope consisting of different soil/rock layers and is likely to slide along the weakest interface.Conventional slope protection methods for bedding slopes,such as retaining wal... Bedding slope is a typical heterogeneous slope consisting of different soil/rock layers and is likely to slide along the weakest interface.Conventional slope protection methods for bedding slopes,such as retaining walls,stabilizing piles,and anchors,are time-consuming and labor-and energy-intensive.This study proposes an innovative polymer grout method to improve the bearing capacity and reduce the displacement of bedding slopes.A series of large-scale model tests were carried out to verify the effectiveness of polymer grout in protecting bedding slopes.Specifically,load-displacement relationships and failure patterns were analyzed for different testing slopes with various dosages of polymer.Results show the great potential of polymer grout in improving bearing capacity,reducing settlement,and protecting slopes from being crushed under shearing.The polymer-treated slopes remained structurally intact,while the untreated slope exhibited considerable damage when subjected to loads surpassing the bearing capacity.It is also found that polymer-cemented soils concentrate around the injection pipe,forming a fan-shaped sheet-like structure.This study proves the improvement of polymer grouting for bedding slope treatment and will contribute to the development of a fast method to protect bedding slopes from landslides. 展开更多
关键词 polyurethane Bedding slope GROUTING Slope protection Large-scale model test
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Preparation and Tribological Properties of Onion-like Carbon/Waterborne Polyurethane Coatings
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作者 Fei Xingpeng Jiang Wuhao +3 位作者 Wen Maosheng Xu Yong Hu Kunhong Hu Enzhu 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第2期108-120,共13页
Rice husk powder was used as a carbon source in a high-temperature carbonization reaction for the production of rice husk ash(RHA).Under the catalysis of ferric nitrate,onion-like carbon(OLC)nanomaterial with a partic... Rice husk powder was used as a carbon source in a high-temperature carbonization reaction for the production of rice husk ash(RHA).Under the catalysis of ferric nitrate,onion-like carbon(OLC)nanomaterial with a particle size of approximately 200 nm was successfully prepared and incorporated into waterborne polyurethane(WPU).The tribological properties of the coatings were determined using a controlled-atmosphere tribometer(WMT-2E)under dry-friction conditions.Following the friction test,the friction mechanism was investigated by characterizing the abrasive spot surfaces of the test samples using 3D laser microscopy and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectrometer.The final results demonstrated that the thermal stability of WPU composite coatings containing various concentrations of OLC nanoparticles was significantly enhanced,binding forces between coatings and steel sheets increased,and hardness improved compared to pure WPU coatings.Tribological tests revealed a notable enhancement in the anti-wear properties of WPU coatings due to the presence of OLC particles.Specifically,the wear rate of the 1.5%OLC/WPU coating was reduced by 45.3%.The coating’s anti-wear mechanism was attributed to the improvement in the mechanical properties of WPU due to OLC,as well as OLC’s participation in the formation of a transfer film under induced friction,which protected the matrix. 展开更多
关键词 biomass carbon onion-like carbon waterborne polyurethane WEAR transfer films
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Fabrication of Silane and Desulfurization Ash Composite Modified Polyurethane and Its Interfacial Binding Mechanism
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作者 吴旺华 CHEN Shuichang +4 位作者 YE Haodong 李世迁 LIN Yuanzhi 陈庆华 XIAO Liren 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期288-297,共10页
Polyurethane/desulfurization ash(PU/DA)composites were synthesized using"one-pot method",with the incorporation of a silane coupling agent(KH550)as a"molecular bridge"to facilitate the integration ... Polyurethane/desulfurization ash(PU/DA)composites were synthesized using"one-pot method",with the incorporation of a silane coupling agent(KH550)as a"molecular bridge"to facilitate the integration of DA as hard segments into the PU molecular chain.The effects of DA content(φ)on the mechanical properties,thermal stability,and hydrophobicity of PU,both before and after the addition of KH550,were thoroughly examined.The results of microscopic mechanism analysis confirmed that KH550 chemically modified the surface of DA,facilitating its incorporation into the polyurethane molecular chain,thereby significantly enhancing the compatibility and dispersion of DA within the PU matrix.When the mass fraction of modified DA(MDA)reached 12%,the mechanical properties,thermal stability,and hydrophobicity of the composites were substantially improved,with the tensile strength reaching 14.9 MPa,and the contact angle measuring 100.6°. 展开更多
关键词 polyurethane silane coupling agent desulfurization ash modification mechanical property HYDROPHOBICITY thermal stability
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Color and Gloss Changes of a Lignin-Based Polyurethane Coating under Accelerated Weathering
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作者 Fatemeh Hassani Khorshidi Saeed Kazemi Najafi +3 位作者 Farhood Najafi Antonio Pizzi Dick Sandberg Rabi Behrooz 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 EI CAS 2024年第2期305-323,共19页
The purpose of this research study was to investigate the properties of polyurethane coatings based on lignin nano-particles.For this purpose,the prepared coatings were applied to pine wood surfaces and weathered arti... The purpose of this research study was to investigate the properties of polyurethane coatings based on lignin nano-particles.For this purpose,the prepared coatings were applied to pine wood surfaces and weathered artificially.Subsequently,color and gloss of the coatings were measured before and after the weathering test.Field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM)micrographs prepared from the coatings showed that the average size of nano-particles in the polyurethane substrate was approximately 500 nm.Nuclear magnetic resonance(13C-NMR)spectroscopy showed that strong urethane bonds were formed in the nano-lignin-based polyurethane.Differential calorimetric analysis(DSC)test revealed that the glass-transition temperature(Tg)of lignin nanoparticles modified with diethylenetriamine(DETA)was 112.8℃ and Tg of lignin nano-particles modified with ethylenediamine(EDA)was 102.5℃,which is lower than the Tg of un-modified lignin(114.6℃)and lignin modified with DETA(126.8℃)and lignin modified with EDA(131.3℃).The coatings modified with lignin nano-particles had a greater change in gloss.The lignin nano-particles in the modified coating are trapping hydroxyl radicals which reduces photoactivity and yellowing of the polyurethane by about 3 times compared to unmodified polyurethane coatings.After weathering test,the nano-lignin-based coating had a rougher surface with a lower contact angle(0.78°)compared to the unmodified polyurethane coating(0.85°). 展开更多
关键词 AMINATION propylene carbonate LIGNIN BIOPOLYMER polyurethane coating POLYOL UN SDG 13
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Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foams for Cryogenic Insulation
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作者 Laima Vevere Beatrise Sture +2 位作者 Vladimir Yakushin Mikelis Kirpluks Ugis Cabulis 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 EI CAS 2024年第3期585-602,共18页
Cryogenic insulation material rigid polyurethane(PU)foams were developed using bio-based and recycled feedstock.Polyols obtained from tall oil fatty acids produced as a side stream of wood biomass pulping and recycled... Cryogenic insulation material rigid polyurethane(PU)foams were developed using bio-based and recycled feedstock.Polyols obtained from tall oil fatty acids produced as a side stream of wood biomass pulping and recycled polyethylene terephthalate were used to develop rigid PU foam formulations.The 4th generation physical blowing agents with low global warming potential and low ozone depletion potential were used to develop rigid PU foam cryogenic insulation with excellent mechanical and thermal properties.Obtained rigid PU foams had a thermal conductivity coefficient as low as 0.0171 W/m·K and an apparent density of 37-40 kg/m^(3).The developed rigid PU foams had anisotropic compression strength properties,which were higher parallel to the foaming direction.Moreover,the compression strength was also influenced by the type of applied bio-based polyol.The bio-based polyols with higher OH group functionality delivered higher crosslinking density of polymer matrix;thus,the mechanical properties were also higher.The mechanical strength of the foams increased when materials were tested at liquid nitrogen temperature due to the stiffening of the polymer matrix.The thermal properties of the developed materials were determined using differential scanning calorimetry,dynamic mechanical analysis,and thermogravimetric analysis methods.Lastly,the developed rigid PU foams had good adhesion to the aluminium substrate before and after applying cyroshock and an excellent safety coefficient of 4-5.Rigid PU foams developed using Solstice LBA delivered adhesion strength of~0.5 MPa and may be considered for application as cryogenic insulation in the aerospace industry. 展开更多
关键词 Cryogenic insulation polyurethanes tall oil 4th generation physical blowing agents
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Adhesion of Technical Lignin-Based Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane Adhesives for Wood Bonding
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作者 Jaewook Lee Byung-Dae Park Qinglin Wu 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 EI CAS 2024年第7期1187-1205,共19页
Lignin is the most abundant aromatic natural polymer,and receiving great attention in replacing various petro-leum-based polymers.The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of technical lignin as a polyol... Lignin is the most abundant aromatic natural polymer,and receiving great attention in replacing various petro-leum-based polymers.The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of technical lignin as a polyol for the synthesis of non-isocyanate polyurethane(NIPU)adhesives to substitute current polyurethane(PU)adhesives that have been synthesized with toxic isocyanate and polyols.Crude hardwood kraft lignin(C-HKL)was extracted from black liquor from a pulp mill followed by acetone fractionation to obtain acetone soluble-HKL(AS-HKL).Then,C-HKL,AS-HKL,and softwood sodium lignosulfonate(LS)were used for the synthesis of technical lignin-based NIPU adhesives through carbonation and polyamination and silane as a cross-linker.Their adhesion per-formance was determined for plywood.FTIR spectra showed the formation of urethane bonds and the reaction between lignin and silane.The NIPU adhesives prepared with C-HKL showed the highest adhesion strength among the three lignin-based NIPU adhesives.As the silane addition level increased,the adhesion strength of NIPU adhesives increased whereas formaldehyde emission decreased for all NIPU adhesives prepared.These results indicate that NIPU adhesives based on technical kraft lignin have a great potential as polyol for the synth-esis of bio-based NIPU adhesives for wood bonding. 展开更多
关键词 Technical lignin non-isocyanate polyurethane wood adhesives adhesion strength formaldehyde emission
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The role of polyurethane foam compressible layer in the mechanical behaviour of multi-layer yielding supports for deep soft rock tunnels
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作者 Haibo Wang Fuming Wang +3 位作者 Chengchao Guo Lei Qin Jun Liu Tongming Qu 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第11期4554-4569,共16页
The polyurethane foam(PU)compressible layer is a viable solution to the problem of damage to the secondary lining in squeezing tunnels.Nevertheless,the mechanical behaviour of the multi-layer yielding supports has not... The polyurethane foam(PU)compressible layer is a viable solution to the problem of damage to the secondary lining in squeezing tunnels.Nevertheless,the mechanical behaviour of the multi-layer yielding supports has not been thoroughly investigated.To fill this gap,large-scale model tests were conducted in this study.The synergistic load-bearing mechanics were analyzed using the convergenceconfinement method.Two types of multi-layer yielding supports with different thicknesses(2.5 cm,3.75 cm and 5 cm)of PU compressible layers were investigated respectively.Digital image correlation(DIC)analysis and acoustic emission(AE)techniques were used for detecting the deformation fields and damage evolution of the multi-layer yielding supports in real-time.Results indicated that the loaddisplacement relationship of the multi-layer yielding supports could be divided into the crack initiation,crack propagation,strain-hardening,and failure stages.Compared with those of the stiff support,the toughness,deformability and ultimate load of the yielding supports were increased by an average of 225%,61%and 32%,respectively.Additionally,the PU compressible layer is positioned between two primary linings to allow the yielding support to have greater mechanical properties.The analysis of the synergistic bearing effect suggested that the thickness of PU compressible layer and its location significantly affect the mechanical properties of the yielding supports.The use of yielding supports with a compressible layer positioned between the primary and secondary linings is recommended to mitigate the effects of high geo-stress in squeezing tunnels. 展开更多
关键词 Multi-layer yielding supports polyurethane foam compressible layer Synergistic mechanism Large-scale model test Deep soft rock tunnels
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Polyurethane Hybrid-Based Wood Adhesive: Review
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作者 Rahul Khandagale Sainath Gadhave Ravindra V. Gadhave 《Open Journal of Polymer Chemistry》 2024年第1期41-62,共22页
Based on commercially available polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) stabilised polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), emulsion adhesives are neither heat nor moisture-resistant and show weak strength at high relative humidity and high tempera... Based on commercially available polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) stabilised polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), emulsion adhesives are neither heat nor moisture-resistant and show weak strength at high relative humidity and high temperatures. Pre- or post-crosslinking is another method used to manufacture a conventional vinyl-based homopolymers or copolymers system with improved water resistance. Vinyl neodecanoate (VeoVa), N-methylolacrylamide (NMA), Methacrylamide, methacrylic acid (MAA), and other self-crosslinking comonomers are typically inserted to produce highly water-resistant vinyl based homopolymers or copolymers. Additionally, organic crosslinkers like glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, citric acid, tartaric acid, and the like, as well as inorganic crosslinkers like acidic metal salts like aluminium chloride, aluminium nitrate, boric acid, and the like, can be used to prepare the highly water-resistant vinyl based homopolymers or copolymers. It is also possible to combine the self-crosslinking comonomers with the organic crosslinkers. Recently, a different hybrid chemistry has been developed that improves lap shear strength, has outstanding water resistance, good durability, and doesn’t require any additional crosslinker agents. Two distinct polymers were combined to develop hybrid polymers. They usually involve mixing an organic polymer with a polymer. There are many capping agents that are used for polyurethanes to produce acrylics that are capped with polyurethane and used as an oligomer in PVAc wood glue. Here, in this paper, we reviewed the different hybrid chemistry based on polyurethane chemistry for wood bonding applications. 展开更多
关键词 Vinyl Acetate HYBRID polyurethane WOOD ADHESIVE
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Modification of Nano-α-Al2O3 and Its Influence on the Surface Properties of Waterborne Polyurethane Resin Composite Passivation Films
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作者 Jiankang Fu Changshuai Ma +2 位作者 Yameng Zhu Jing Yuan Qianfeng Zhang 《Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering》 2024年第5期29-48,共20页
Silane coupling agent KH560 was used to modify the surface of nano-α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> in ethanol-aqueous solution with different proportions. The particle size of nano-α-Al<sub&... Silane coupling agent KH560 was used to modify the surface of nano-α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> in ethanol-aqueous solution with different proportions. The particle size of nano-α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> was determined by nano-particle size analyzer, and the effects of nano-α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content, ethanol-aqueous solution ratio and KH560 dosage on the dispersion and particle size of nano-α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> were investigated. The material structure before and after modification was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Aqueous polyurethane resin and inorganic components are combined with modified nano-α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> dispersion to form chromium-free passivation solution. The solution is coated on the galvanized sheet, the adhesion and surface hardness are tested, the bonding strength of the coating and the surface hardness of the substrate are discussed. The corrosion resistance and surface morphology of the matrix were investigated by electrochemical test, neutral salt spray test and scanning electron microscope test. The chromium-free passivation film formed after the modification of nano-α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> increases the surface hardness of galvanized sheet by about 85%. The corrosion resistance of the film is better than that of a single polyurethane film. The results show that the surface hardness and corrosion resistance of polyurethane resin composite passivation film are significantly improved by the introduction of nano-α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. 展开更多
关键词 Micro-Nano α-Al2O3 Waterborne polyurethane Resin Particle Size Surface Hardness Corrosion Resistance
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Synthesis of Ionic and Non-Ionic Modified Waterborne Polyurethane Curing Agent
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作者 Ying Qiao Xu-dong Zhang 《Journal of Electronic Research and Application》 2024年第1期86-92,共7页
By using HDI and TMP as the main raw materials,polyethylene glycol 400(PEG400)is used as a non-ionic hydrophilic modifier,and sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate is used as an ionic hydrophilic modifier to synthesize a dual... By using HDI and TMP as the main raw materials,polyethylene glycol 400(PEG400)is used as a non-ionic hydrophilic modifier,and sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate is used as an ionic hydrophilic modifier to synthesize a dual hydrophilic modified polyurethane curing agent.Research revealed that introducing PEG400 for hydrophilic chain segments and sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate for hydrophilic ionic groups in the polyurethane curing agent component leads to a uniform distribution of hydrophilic components,significantly enhancing compatibility with the aqueous polyol component,and results in excellent film performance.The synthesis process and film were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy in the study. 展开更多
关键词 COATING Water polyurethane Curing agent Two-package Double modification
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