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A METHOD FOR CALCULATING TRANSIENT FUNCTIONS OF EQUIVALENT DETERMINISTIC INPUT
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《Chinese Journal of Aeronautics》 SCIE EI CAS 1988年第2期98-104,共7页
In the present paper the analytical formulas for calculating the equivalent deterministic transients for multivariable cross correlated random processes are developed.The formulas permit the determination of the Root-... In the present paper the analytical formulas for calculating the equivalent deterministic transients for multivariable cross correlated random processes are developed.The formulas permit the determination of the Root-mean-square of the responses of a linear time-invariant system to stationary multiple random inputs in the time domain.The method is applicable in the study of flight of airplanes in atmospheric turbulence and is also useful for general engineering applications of stochastc processes control. 展开更多
关键词 A METHOD FOR CALCULATING TRANSIENT functionS OF equivalent DETERMINISTIC INPUT
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Translation Theory and Techniques in Optometry Literature: A Case Study of the “Optoform 80 Installation and Maintenance Manual”
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作者 JIANG Fangzhou 《Sino-US English Teaching》 2024年第2期94-97,共4页
Translation of specialized documents in optometry presents unique challenges,requiring a deep understanding of the professional context,terminology,and adherence to specific translation styles.This paper delves into t... Translation of specialized documents in optometry presents unique challenges,requiring a deep understanding of the professional context,terminology,and adherence to specific translation styles.This paper delves into the translation theory and techniques employed in the English-to-Chinese translation of the“Optoform 80 Installation and Maintenance Manual”,serving as a case study.Emphasizing Nida’s theory of functional equivalence,the paper explores the complexities of translating professional optometry literature,focusing on key points and common issues in translating installation and maintenance manuals for optometric devices.Special attention is given to the translation of professional terminology,employing methods such as addition,omission,conversion,and repetition.The translation process aims to meet specific requirements,ensuring accuracy and coherence while aligning with Chinese language conventions.The paper also analyzes translation methods and techniques concerning terminology,prepositions,conjunctions,and handling parallel elements based on practical insights from the Optoform 80 Manual. 展开更多
关键词 optometry translation functional equivalence installation and maintenance manual translation
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Creative Translation as a Faithful Translating Technique Disguised-With Examples in the Chinese Version of The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte
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作者 ZHANG Li 《Journal of Literature and Art Studies》 2024年第1期79-84,共6页
Under the core guideline of creating a reading response that is the same on both sides of the native and target readers,Eugene A.Nida puts his translation theory in form of functional equivalence.Thus translation beco... Under the core guideline of creating a reading response that is the same on both sides of the native and target readers,Eugene A.Nida puts his translation theory in form of functional equivalence.Thus translation becomes a task of reproduction of providing in the target language the closest version that is natural and idiomatic in style,context and semantics.Due to various reasons,creative translations can be made to fulfill that purpose.The second thought and the thorough manipulation of words and expressions help bridge the discrepancy in comprehending the source language and the translated one,whose requirements literal and traditional ways of handling translation may fail to meet. 展开更多
关键词 creative translation Eugene A.Nida functional equivalence The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte
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Application of functional equivalence to the translation strategy of Chinese American literature: A case study of The Joy Luck Club
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作者 颜晓川 张丽杰 《Sino-US English Teaching》 2010年第11期51-56,共6页
Ever since the 1970s when Chinese American writers thrived from a marginal position and integrated into the mainstream of American literature, the study on Chinese American Literature has received more and more attent... Ever since the 1970s when Chinese American writers thrived from a marginal position and integrated into the mainstream of American literature, the study on Chinese American Literature has received more and more attention from the academic circles. However, the research on this newly emerging subject in the field of translation studies has not been treated with equal attention. This thesis attempts to propose a possible strategy to translate Chinese American works, based on the theory of "functional equivalence", taking the comparison of the 2 Chinese versions of TAN's The Joy Luck Club as an example. 展开更多
关键词 functional equivalence translating strategy The Joy Luck Club
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Application of Nida's theory of functional equivalence in trademark translation
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作者 许建航 《Sino-US English Teaching》 2009年第12期47-49,56,共4页
Through the introduction of Nida's translation principles that should be obeyed in trademark translation, the theory, characteristics of trademark and some essay discussed that the theory of dynamic equivalence (fu... Through the introduction of Nida's translation principles that should be obeyed in trademark translation, the theory, characteristics of trademark and some essay discussed that the theory of dynamic equivalence (functional equivalence) was applied in trademark translation through the literal translation, transliteration and combination of the both. The essay also pointed out that the theory of functional equivalence was an important theory for trademark translation. 展开更多
关键词 functional equivalence source language target language TRADEMARK
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On Proverb Translation: A Functional Equivalence Approach
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作者 宋凯 《海外英语》 2017年第15期130-131,139,共3页
Translation is regarded as a cross-cultural,cross-social,and cross-linguistic communicative activity.In this light,the process of translation is perceived as one of establishing functional equivalence between the sour... Translation is regarded as a cross-cultural,cross-social,and cross-linguistic communicative activity.In this light,the process of translation is perceived as one of establishing functional equivalence between the source text and the target text in order for the latter to be as faithful as possible to the former in both meaning and function.Proverbs are language-and culture-specific expressions,which often cause difficulties in translation.This paper aims to approach proverb translation from the functional equivalence perspective. 展开更多
关键词 functional equivalence source proverbs target proverbs
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Analysis English Translation of Chinese Poems' Color Words——Functional Equivalence Theory 被引量:1
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作者 吴迪 《疯狂英语(理论版)》 2017年第1期155-156,共2页
The translation of Chinese ancient poems has always been the direction of many translators at home and abroad,and the translation of color words has gradually become the object of study.However,due to the difference b... The translation of Chinese ancient poems has always been the direction of many translators at home and abroad,and the translation of color words has gradually become the object of study.However,due to the difference between translation theory and perspective,there are many controversial translations.Based on the theory of "functional equivalence" proposed by American translation theorist Eugene Nida,this paper analyzes the concrete translation of Chinese ancient poems,and aims to explore how to translate the color words in ancient poems in the best way,And summed up the specific and practical translation methods. 展开更多
关键词 Ancient poems color words functional equivalence translation methods
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From Equivalence to Skopos: A Theoretical "Dialogue" between Nida and the Functional School
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作者 李辰 《英语广场(学术研究)》 2013年第3期5-6,共2页
Dynamic Equivalence and Skopos Theory are two important translation theories in the fields of translation, which many scholars spare no efforts to research on. This short essay intends to compare and complement betwee... Dynamic Equivalence and Skopos Theory are two important translation theories in the fields of translation, which many scholars spare no efforts to research on. This short essay intends to compare and complement between Nida's Dynamic Equivalence and Skopos theory after briefly reviewing these two translation theories. It is aimed for helping readers improve their translation skills via stimulating them to consider translation issues from different angles, such as the nature of translation, the target of translation, translation market, cultural constrains, translation process, translation effects, and etc. And this essay focuses on Nida's Dynamic Equivalence and Skopos theory, a part of functional theories via comparing and harmonizing these two translation theories. 展开更多
关键词 translation theories Nida’s dynamic equivalence Skopos theory functional equivalence
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Translation of Cultural Terms Under the Functional Equivalence Theory 被引量:1
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作者 CHEN Ying WU Huandi 《Sino-US English Teaching》 2021年第10期305-310,共6页
Different countries and different nationalities have different cultures.There are differences between them as each culture has its characteristics.Therefore,as their different value,aesthetic taste,region and custom,d... Different countries and different nationalities have different cultures.There are differences between them as each culture has its characteristics.Therefore,as their different value,aesthetic taste,region and custom,different cultures assign different meanings to words.According to Tytler,the translation of cultural terms should follow the three principles of translation and adopt reasonable translation methods:retention method,transference translation method,transliteration method,hybrid method,approximation method,interpretation method and implication presentation method,to overcome the translation barriers caused by cultural differences and achieve the translation effect of functional equivalence proposed by Nida. 展开更多
关键词 cultural differences translation of cultural terms three principles of translation functional equivalence
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A Contrastive Analysis of Three English Translation of Camel Xiangzi from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence
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作者 王凯 《International English Education Research》 2017年第2期111-114,共4页
Nida' s Functional Equivalence Theory has made a great contribution to the translation industry, which means the translation should reach the functional equivalence between two languages rather than the rigid corresp... Nida' s Functional Equivalence Theory has made a great contribution to the translation industry, which means the translation should reach the functional equivalence between two languages rather than the rigid correspondence of the texts. Functional Equivalence Theory includes stylistic equivalence, glossary equivalence and passage equivalence. The literary work selected in this paper is a famous classic novel, Camel Xiangzi, in which the features of the language employed by author are fizll of"Chinese characteristics." Just because of the characteristics, the task is more difficult in the process of the wanslating. In this paper, it makes a contrastive analysis of the translations to the fourth chapter of Camel Xiangzi by using Nida's Functional Equivalence Theory. There are three kinds of English versions, which were selected from a Chinese-American translator Shi Xiaojing's translation Camel Xiangzi, American translator Evan King' s translation Rickshaw Boy and American translator Jean M.James' s translation Richshaw: the Novel Lo-t'o Hsinang Tz~ Due to limited words, this paper mainly analyzes the novel from the glossary, the stylistic and the passage equivalence. The result is that Jean M.James' s translation maximizes to achieve Functional Equivalence Theory, it also tries to reach formal equivalence, and her Wanslafion compensates for lack of the theory. What' s more, it verifies the feasibility and directive significance in translation of functional equivalence. 展开更多
关键词 functional Equivalence English Translation of Camel Xiangzi Fragrnent
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On the Application of the Functional Equivalence Theory in Movie Subti⁃tle Translation 被引量:1
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作者 杨艳杰 《海外英语》 2020年第15期228-231,共4页
It was designed to discuss the application of Nida’s functional equivalence theory in movie subtitle translation,so as to indicate that translator should take suitable strategies in the process of translating.Nida’s... It was designed to discuss the application of Nida’s functional equivalence theory in movie subtitle translation,so as to indicate that translator should take suitable strategies in the process of translating.Nida’s functional equivalence theory has exerted a great and positive influence in both western and eastern translation theories and practices.Thus it has been widely used in social life.The application of the functional equivalence theory was analyzed by virtue of the translation of the subtitle of The Flower of War.First,the definition and characteristics of this theory was illustrated,as well as its developing process and the constraints in practical application.Then,the significance of movie subtitle translation,the rules it should follow and the plot and linguistic features of The Flower of War were performed.At last,the application of Nida’s functional equivalence theory in movie subtitle translation was analyzed from aspects of lexicon,syntax and aesthetic through several examples.Finally,the guidance function of the functional equivalence theory towards movie subtitle translation was summarized. 展开更多
关键词 subtitle translation functional equivalence The Flower of War application
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A Study on English-Chinese Translation of Business Contracts Based on the Functional Equivalence Theory
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作者 HE Xinyu NI Jincheng 《Sino-US English Teaching》 2021年第5期121-126,共6页
This study explores the translation of business English contracts from English to Chinese from the perspective of functional equivalence.The functional equivalence theory involves three aspects of functional equivalen... This study explores the translation of business English contracts from English to Chinese from the perspective of functional equivalence.The functional equivalence theory involves three aspects of functional equivalence:lexical equivalence,sentential equivalence,and textual equivalence.As far as translation is concerned,translators adopt different translation techniques for different types of texts,striving to achieve equivalence in lexical,sentential,and textual functions.Therefore,translators are to recognize the different characteristics of business English contracts and highlight English translation styles and characteristics with the help of the functional equivalence theory. 展开更多
关键词 English-Chinese translation business contracts the functional equivalence theory
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Translating COVID Tests Terms From Chinese Into English in the Light of Functional Equivalence Theory
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作者 ZHANG Zhengqing JIA Xiaoqing 《Psychology Research》 2022年第9期712-715,共4页
Communication of the various testing methods of COVID-19 is vital for English speakers within China and with the outside world.This research is set to find out the appropriate translation of the Chinese phrases referr... Communication of the various testing methods of COVID-19 is vital for English speakers within China and with the outside world.This research is set to find out the appropriate translation of the Chinese phrases referring to COVID-19 tests in English,in light of functional equivalence theory,which is expected to help correct mistakes and facilitate understanding between people speaking the two languages. 展开更多
关键词 term translation COVID-19 tests functional equivalence theory
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A Study of Animal Idioms Translation From Perspective of Functional Equivalence
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作者 ZHANG Xiaodi 《Sino-US English Teaching》 2021年第6期157-160,共4页
Animal idioms,the deposit of broad and profound culture,show significant impacts on humans.It is more often than not that people associate their feelings and emotions,even social events and natural phenomena with vari... Animal idioms,the deposit of broad and profound culture,show significant impacts on humans.It is more often than not that people associate their feelings and emotions,even social events and natural phenomena with various animals.But the meaning it conveys varies from countries and regions causing misunderstanding and long-lasting jokes owing to several factors.To avoid it,the study of idioms with animal vocabulary becomes more imperative.This thesis will focus on the study of animal idiom translation from the perspective of functional equivalence.By targeting the difficulties in animal idiom translation and using different translation skills,it aims to offer readers a chance to derive similar response home and overseas,so that they have an access to avoid culture shock and misunderstanding. 展开更多
关键词 animal idioms functional Equivalence Theory translation methods
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Functional Equivalence and Translation of English Long Sentences
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作者 胡明爽 《海外英语》 2018年第9期141-142,共2页
Since English long possess a lot of modifiers and their syntax structures are complicated, it is difficult for the Chinese readers to understand them, not to mention translating them. The paper adopts Nida's theor... Since English long possess a lot of modifiers and their syntax structures are complicated, it is difficult for the Chinese readers to understand them, not to mention translating them. The paper adopts Nida's theory of functional equivalence as the guideline in the process of translation, since it bears the merit of facilitating the communication of information. In terms of concrete methods, the long sentence should be decomposed into kernel sentences and reconstructed according to the expression of the standard Chinese language. Only by doing that, the translation version can be faithful, correct and elegant. 展开更多
关键词 functional equivalence kernel sentences reconstructuring TRANSLATION long sentences
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On E-C Translation of Attributive Clauses in English for Science and Technology from Perspective of Functional Equivalence
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作者 邢会萍 《海外英语》 2018年第1期150-151,153,共3页
Attributive clauses in EST often consist of complex structures and deliver a multiplicity of meanings. It will be one of challenges facing the translators to transfer the attributive clauses in EST faithfully, complet... Attributive clauses in EST often consist of complex structures and deliver a multiplicity of meanings. It will be one of challenges facing the translators to transfer the attributive clauses in EST faithfully, completely and smoothly into Chinese so that the understanding and response of the target language readers to the information produced in the translation are almost the same as that of the original language readers to the information contained in the original attributive clauses in EST, thus achieving functional equivalence of the translation. Under the direction of Nida's functional equivalence theory, this paper is dedicated to discussing the translation techniques of EST attributive clauses, and hope it benefits the translation of EST in the future. 展开更多
关键词 functional equivalence EST attributive clauses translation techniques
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Analysis of the Translation Strategies in the Chinese Version of Tuesday with Morrie from the perspective of functional equivalence theory
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作者 程艺苑 《海外英语》 2017年第1期151-152,157,共3页
Considering the discrepancy of culture and linguistics between English and Chinese, it is inevitable to miss some information when converting source language into target language. According to Nida's functional eq... Considering the discrepancy of culture and linguistics between English and Chinese, it is inevitable to miss some information when converting source language into target language. According to Nida's functional equivalence theory, the target readers should receive the same reaction with the source text readers. So in order to achieve this objective, translators need to make changes of the original text by applying certain translation strategies. This essay will analyze four strategies used in the novel Tuesday with Morrie in light of functional equivalence theory. It is concluded that the strategies are really helpful for the target readers to understand the original text and acquire more knowledge about the source language culture. 展开更多
关键词 Tuesday with Morrie functional equivalence theory NIDA Morrie translation strategies
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On the English Translation of Chinese Internet Catchwords from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory
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作者 肖良元 《海外英语》 2017年第2期143-144,共2页
Due to the long history of China,the special features of the Chinese Internet catchwords and the few translations of the Chinese Internet catchwords at home and abroad,it is very hard for the foreigners to comprehend ... Due to the long history of China,the special features of the Chinese Internet catchwords and the few translations of the Chinese Internet catchwords at home and abroad,it is very hard for the foreigners to comprehend the Chinese Internet catchwords.Functional Equivalence Theory is put forward by an American translation theorist,Eugene A.Nida,which casts great influence on the translation circle.This paper applies the literal translation and the free translation to translate the Chinese Internet catchwords in the light of functional equivalence theory. 展开更多
关键词 Chinese Internet catchwords English translation functional equivalence literal translation free translation
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On the Translation of Automobile Brand Names from the Prospective of the Functional Equivalence
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作者 金洋 刘燕 《海外英语》 2020年第20期65-67,共3页
Translation of automobile brand names has important implications for the promotion and marketing of products and strengthening its competitiveness.This article studies four translation methods of automobile brand name... Translation of automobile brand names has important implications for the promotion and marketing of products and strengthening its competitiveness.This article studies four translation methods of automobile brand names,including transliteration,literal translation,free translation and transliteration combined with a literal translation,which is under the Nida’s equivalence theory and masters the origins and characteristics of automobile brand names and summarizes the different effects that methods have on the automobile brand names. 展开更多
关键词 functional equivalence automobile brand names translation methods
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A Research on E-C Translation Methods of Business Contracts from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory
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作者 肖荷 《海外英语》 2021年第1期172-174,共3页
As economic globalization continues to develop increasingly,political and economic trade has become more frequent.In international activities,business contracts are important legal documents,and all international busi... As economic globalization continues to develop increasingly,political and economic trade has become more frequent.In international activities,business contracts are important legal documents,and all international business activities require the signing of contracts,which has greatly increased the demand for translation of business contracts.Based on the functional equivalence theory,this paper analyzes the translation of E-C business contracts with the characteristics of business contracts.This paper aims to provide a theoretical basis and a practical translation strategy for E-C translation of business contracts,and to solve problems encountered in the translation practice. 展开更多
关键词 functional equivalence theory business contract translation strategy
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