A METHOD FOR CALCULATING TRANSIENT FUNCTIONS OF EQUIVALENT DETERMINISTIC INPUT

In the present paper the analytical formulas for calculating the equivalent deterministic transients for multivariable cross correlated random processes are developed.The formulas permit the determination of the Root-mean-square of the responses of a linear time-invariant system to stationary multiple random inputs in the time domain.The method is applicable in the study of flight of airplanes in atmospheric turbulence and is also useful for general engineering applications of stochastc processes control.

On the Methods of Trademark Translation from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory

With the rapid development of technology and economy, many products enter the international market in our country, at the same time a large number of foreign products also sweep into the domestic market. Therefore, the translation of trademark plays a particularly significant role in the whole process. Especially, trademark translation should go under the guidance of certain methods. Based on Eugene A. Nida's"functional equivalence"theory and combined with some concrete examples, this paper mainly focuses on some methods of trademark translation.

Analysis English Translation of Chinese Poems' Color Words——Functional Equivalence Theory

The translation of Chinese ancient poems has always been the direction of many translators at home and abroad,and the translation of color words has gradually become the object of study.However,due to the difference between translation theory and perspective,there are many controversial translations.Based on the theory of "functional equivalence" proposed by American translation theorist Eugene Nida,this paper analyzes the concrete translation of Chinese ancient poems,and aims to explore how to translate the color words in ancient poems in the best way,And summed up the specific and practical translation methods.

Applying Functional Equivalence Theory in Translating the Introduction to Scenic Spots

Since we have entered in the 21 st century, the economy of the whole world has experienced a process of transformation and upgrading, the outstanding performance is the proportion of the third industry in the national economy, and the third industry's contribution to the national economy is growing. Since our government has taken the reform and opening up policy,they attach great importance to the development of the third industry in our country. After more than 30 years of reform and opening- up,the development of tourism industry, also be called the"Smokeless Industry", has been given priority within the booming third industry. There is no doubt that tourism has a bright development prospect. With the rapid development of economy and the deepening of the opening degree, there will be more and more foreigners coming to China for sightseeing. Under this big background, the high quality English introduction of tourist attractions is in great demand. This article is aimed at exploring the practical value of functional equivalence applying to the translation of scenic spots introduction, and provides some feasible solution for tourism translation.

A Study of Animal Idioms Translation From Perspective of Functional Equivalence

Animal idioms,the deposit of broad and profound culture,show significant impacts on humans.It is more often than not that people associate their feelings and emotions,even social events and natural phenomena with various animals.But the meaning it conveys varies from countries and regions causing misunderstanding and long-lasting jokes owing to several factors.To avoid it,the study of idioms with animal vocabulary becomes more imperative.This thesis will focus on the study of animal idiom translation from the perspective of functional equivalence.By targeting the difficulties in animal idiom translation and using different translation skills,it aims to offer readers a chance to derive similar response home and overseas,so that they have an access to avoid culture shock and misunderstanding.

A Study on the Chinese-English Translation of Tourist Materials Guided by Functional Equivalence Theory

A successful translation of Chinese tourist materials is of a vital importance to publicize and promote China. Based on Nida's functional equivalence theory, the thesis discusses the characteristics of Chinese tourist materials and then gives three feasible translation methods in order to improve the quality of C-E translation of tourist materials.

C-E Translation of Internet Neologisms from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence

With the rapid development of China' s economy and society,neologisms are involved in every field and continue to boom.However,Internet neologisms have an important influence on our mind and language form and update the way of information transmission and communication as well.It rapidly steps into people s life with different style and reflect social phenomenon and special cultural connotation with its unique charm.It is necessary to be aware of Internet neologisms translation when applying them into the language system.To those foreign readers who differ from Chinese mind and culture,inappropriate translation could result in misunderstanding and further cause communication failure.Hence,English translation for Internet neologisms should be placed considerable value.This paper will employ Eugene A.Nida s functional equivalence to probe into translation methods of Internet neologisms in order to find out appropriate translation.

On the Translation of Automobile Brand Names from the Prospective of the Functional Equivalence

Translation of automobile brand names has important implications for the promotion and marketing of products and strengthening its competitiveness.This article studies four translation methods of automobile brand names,including transliteration,literal translation,free translation and transliteration combined with a literal translation,which is under the Nida’s equivalence theory and masters the origins and characteristics of automobile brand names and summarizes the different effects that methods have on the automobile brand names.

功能对等理论视角下中国文化负载词的翻译研究——以2017~2022年大学英语四级段落翻译为例

自十八大报告提出“增强文化自信”以来,中国传统文化受到了高度关注。四级英语考试中大量中国文化负载词的出现体现了这一时代的发展和要求。文章基于功能对等理论,以2017年6月到2022年12月的四级翻译真题为研究文本,根据分类采用音译、直译、意译等方法翻译出其文化内涵和意义,从而提高大学生英语四级考试汉译英的能力,实现文化的有效传播,提高民族文化自信。

仿生平面三角形单元积分声场的波函数构造

波叠加法在求解声源外部辐射声场时,需要对所有离散单元进行数值积分计算导致计算效率较低,而等效源法由于过度简化单元始终存在较大的积分近似误差.针对以上缺陷,利用Helmholtz方程在球坐标系下的解构造了一种与单元积分等效且无需积分的波函数.受仿生复合材料三角形缝合结构启发,以适用范围最广的平面三角形单元为例,构造了波函数的一般形式和内推形式.最后,通过数值仿真对比了两种波函数与直接积分的计算声场的精度和效率.结果表明,两种波函数与直接积分的计算误差低于0.5%,且内推波函数的计算效率约为直接积分的6倍.

矩形单元声场波函数构造及其应用

在波叠加法中,结构外部声场是在离散边界上对Green函数进行积分并叠加得到,但数值积分的计算效率较低。而等效源法虽然提高了计算效率,但其面源简化为点源的过程中存在较大的积分近似误差。针对上述两种方法的缺陷,构造了一种波函数以替代离散单元关于Green函数积分的声场。首先,利用球坐标系下Helmholtz方程的解,推导了替代矩形单元积分的一般形式波函数及效率更高的内推波函数。其次,当离散单元为正方形时,将其近似成圆形域,进一步简化了内推波函数的表达式。最后,将所构造的波函数应用于声场计算。数值结果表明,在计算单个矩形单元外部辐射声场时,构造的波函数不仅保证了计算精度,而且相比于直接积分大幅度提高了计算效率。其中,矩形域一般形式和内推形式的波函数计算效率是直接积分的5∼6倍,圆形域内推波函数计算效率达到了直接积分的12∼13倍。在简支板声源和立方箱体辐射声源数值算例中,圆形域内推波函数在整个计算频段的声场计算精度均高于等效源法。

大型新能源电动船舶电池快速充电控制方法

电池动力输出的持久性和稳定性,会影响大型新能源电动船舶的航行状态,因此,研究一种电池快速充电控制方法。结合实际充放电数据以及循环工况拟合结果,构建大型新能源电动船舶电池等效电路,分析电池的运行状态以及输出情况;通过确定电池快速充电控制的目标函数和约束条件,将目标函数输入模糊控制器中,分析目标函数对于电池电压的影响,在模糊规则清晰化处理后计算目标函数。通过改进布谷鸟算法进行计算结果寻优,获取最佳的控制结果。测试结果显示,在瞬态响应和负载动态响应2种运行工况下,该方法可以有效完成电池充电控制,使充电输出电压最大程度地接近理想输出电压,保证电流处于允许的持续充电最大电流范围内。

双材料和半无限大空间中椭球夹杂的稳态热分析

探究了含有多个椭球夹杂的双材料和半无限大空间的稳态传热解.双材料的界面由包含连续性条件的双材料空间格林函数考虑,通过调整参数,该函数可退化为半无限大空间或者无限大空间格林函数.利用Eshelby等效夹杂法(equivalent inclusion method,EIM),将椭球夹杂等效为基底材料和夹杂内连续分布的本征温度梯度场.基于含多项式密度的椭球积分,椭球夹杂的扰动作用由本征温度梯度场和双材料格林函数域积分精确描述.本征场由夹杂形心展开的泰勒级数,并通过各个夹杂形心建立的多项式等效热流方程求解,求解精度由有限元法(finite element method,FEM)验证,实现了无网格求解双材料和半无限大空间中多个椭球夹杂的稳态传热问题.

考虑不对称饱和的电机径向电磁力解析建模

由于内置式永磁同步电机磁饱和特性的存在,使得解析分析电机运行过程中定子所受的径向电磁力缺乏系统有效的方法,不利于在前期设计开发阶段进行电机电磁振动和噪声的抑制。针对内置式永磁同步电机转子不对称磁饱和的问题提出了一种电磁力的解析计算模型。通过将绕组函数法与等效磁路法相结合,推导了考虑电磁饱和情况下的电机磁动势。利用卡特系数计算了电机的等效气隙磁导。通过磁势乘磁导法建立气隙磁场模型,并结合Maxwell应力方程最终建立了电机径向电磁力的解析模型。最终通过有限元法验证了该模型的准确性。该模型能够反应电磁力与电机各结构参数的关系,有利于在设计阶段快速改进电机结构来抑制电机电磁振动和噪声。

含风电场的电力系统随机生产模拟

针对风电机组出力的间歇性和波动性,提出了基于等效电量频率法(equiva1ent energy and frequency function method,EEFF)的电力系统随机生产模拟方法。将等效电量函数法(equiva1ent energy function method,EEF)与频率持续法(frequency and duration,FD)相结合,用来评估风电场接入对电力系统生产运行的影响。该方法在生产模拟中保留了负荷和风电机组的时变特性,除了可以得到常规算法所能得到的生产模拟结果外,还可以评估风电场对常规机组造成的开停机影响,以及与火电机组开机、暖机等因素相关的动态费用。EPRI36机组随机生产模拟结果验证了所提方法的正确性和有效性。

计入光伏发电的电力系统分时段随机生产模拟

随着光伏发电并网容量的不断提高,其对电力系统规划运行,以及可靠性、经济性等方面的影响日益突出。利用自回归滑动平均(auto regression moving average,ARMA)模型对光照辐射强度进行预测,结合光伏出力特性和聚类理论建立了光伏出力多状态随机预测模型,并计入光伏系统自身故障的影响,基于等效电量函数法分时段对含有光伏的电力系统进行随机生产模拟。采用EPRI-36测试系统验证了分时段随机生产模拟方法的正确性,并基于此方法分别从经济性、可靠性等层面分析了光伏并网对电力系统的影响。

含风电电力系统随机生产模拟的改进算法

针对传统随机生产模拟忽略负荷的时序特性而难以考虑机组启停、备用、调峰等相关动态费用的问题,将转移频率分析纳入随机生产模拟框架中,形成了改进等效电量频率法.该方法通过等效负荷频率曲线(ELFC)的卷积考虑机组启停,将生产成本分析的范畴拓宽到动态费用的计算.根据所提算法和含风电的EPRI-36算例,比较了风电并网前后系统可靠性指标、燃料成本、环境成本和动态费用等的变化,并研究了风电装机规模对动态费用率的影响.结果表明,相对于动态费用的增加,风电对系统可靠性与经济性的改善是主要的,但动态费用率随着风电规模的扩大而提高.

基于功能对等理论的中国文化专有项英译策略

进行翻译时,必须考虑到语言、文化、翻译之间的关系。中国文化专有项具有非常明显的文化特征,影响其英译的文化因素包括历史因素、宗教因素、生活环境及生活经验因素、社会发展因素,这些因素常常造成其翻译和理解的困难。奈达的功能对等理论将原文读者的反应和目的语读者的反应联系在一起,以目的语文本为重点,以目的语读者和目的语文化为导向。在中国文化专有项英译实践中协调运用基于奈达功能对等理论的音译、直译、增译、减译、改译、加注、意译等翻译策略,将使译文更符合目的语读者的语言习惯,同时又准确完整地传达原文的含义。

测量平差中各种模型的等价转换关系

基于测量平差中各种平差方法其函数模型的表达,文中重点论证了各种平差方法之间的等价转换及其相互关系,得到的结果有利于各种平差方法的理解与渗透。

直流入地电流经交流电网分流计算模型的简化及算法分析

直流入地电流经交流电网分流的计算过程复杂,涉及到大范围地质分层结构。旨在简化计算模型,指出直流地电位分布与直流地电流分流的关系。首先分析了土层结构的Hummel法简化及其对地电位分布的影响;其次,研究了直流地电位分布规律及地电流分流特性;最后,讨论了直流通路等效电阻的构成,得出了直流地电位的计算方法。研究结果表明:当站点距离接地极较远时,土层简化可用于直流地电位计算;直流地电位在接地网附近小范围内会发生畸变,交流输电线的存在导致相连站点间的直流地电位差减小;接地极入地电流及复杂大地分层电阻可等效为电压源及电源内阻,在求解等效电压源电动势时,可利用贝塞尔函数的衰减余弦等价式取代无穷级数。