为探究适合膜下滴灌加工番茄的磁化水施肥制度,本研究以产量和水肥利用效率为目标,设置4个磁化水强度0 Gs(M0)、2000 Gs(M1)、3000 Gs(M2)、4000 Gs(M3)和3个施氮量水平200 kg N·hm^(-2)(N1)、250 kg N·hm^(-2)(N2)和300 kg N...为探究适合膜下滴灌加工番茄的磁化水施肥制度,本研究以产量和水肥利用效率为目标,设置4个磁化水强度0 Gs(M0)、2000 Gs(M1)、3000 Gs(M2)、4000 Gs(M3)和3个施氮量水平200 kg N·hm^(-2)(N1)、250 kg N·hm^(-2)(N2)和300 kg N·hm^(-2)(N3),采用裂区试验设计,进行田间试验。通过监测加工番茄生育期内的土壤含水率、株高、茎粗及地上部生物量,并结合最终产量指标,探究各磁氮组合对加工番茄水肥利用效率的影响。结果表明:磁化水滴灌显著提高了加工番茄的土壤含水率,增加了土壤储水量,磁氮耦合显著提升了20~40 cm土层土壤含水率。磁化水强度在2270~3678 Gs,施氮量220~230 kg·hm^(-2)时,可促进加工番茄生长,磁化强度大于4000 Gs且施氮量超过250 kg·hm^(-2)时,不能进一步提高加工番茄的生长。随磁化强度的增加,加工番茄产量及水肥利用效率呈先增后减的变化,施氮量的增加,会提高产量和水分利用效率,但会降低氮肥偏生产力。其中,M2N3处理的产量和水分利用效率最大,为169.67 t·hm^(-2)和35.61 kg·m^(-3),M2N1处理的氮肥偏生产力最大,为822.54 kg·kg^(-1)。运用回归分析并结合空间分析的方法,综合考虑得到产量、水分利用效率和氮肥偏生产力三者取得较大值时的磁氮区间为2270~3678 Gs和220~230 kg N·hm^(-2)。本研究可为新疆加工番茄科学应用磁化水和氮肥提供理论支撑,为优化磁氮组合配置以提升加工番茄产量提供科学指导。展开更多
Xinjiang of China is one of the three largest planting bases of processing tomato in the world,but soil salinization has restricted the production of tomato processing.In order to study the effects of soil nitrogen,sa...Xinjiang of China is one of the three largest planting bases of processing tomato in the world,but soil salinization has restricted the production of tomato processing.In order to study the effects of soil nitrogen,salt and their interaction on growth and physiological characteristics of processing tomato under drip irrigation,different amount of nitrogen fertilizer were added to reconcile different salt stress to explore the response mechanisms of growth and yield of processing tomato to soil nitrogen and salt contents with a two-year experiments.The results showed that the effects of soil salinity on the growth and physiological characteristics of processing tomato were significantly greater than that of input of nitrogen fertilizers.The higher soil salt content(≥5.0 g/kg)significantly inhibited the growth of processing tomato.The increase in addition of nitrogen fertilizer could alleviate the salt inhibition and promote the growth of processed tomato with the increase of soil salt content,and the maximum nitrogen application rate was 300 kg/hm2.The linear plus platform was selected to determine the nitrogen effect models of non-saline-alkali soil and weak saline-alkali soil,but the square root nitrogen effect model of moderate saline-alkali soil was selected to accurately predict the yield of processing tomato.It was suggested that the processing tomatoes should be planted in moderate saline-alkali soil to achieve higher yields due to lower input of nitrogen fertilizer,potentially reducing fertilizer costs and maximizing profits from high processing tomato yields.The results have a strong guiding significance for planting of processing tomato on saline-alkali land and appropriate fertilization to increase the yield of processing tomato.展开更多
基金supports by National Key R&D Program“Research and Application of Economic Crop Water and Fertilizer Integration Technology Model”of China(2017YFD0201506)Shihezi University International Science and Technology Cooperation Promotion Plan Project(GJHZ201803).
文摘Xinjiang of China is one of the three largest planting bases of processing tomato in the world,but soil salinization has restricted the production of tomato processing.In order to study the effects of soil nitrogen,salt and their interaction on growth and physiological characteristics of processing tomato under drip irrigation,different amount of nitrogen fertilizer were added to reconcile different salt stress to explore the response mechanisms of growth and yield of processing tomato to soil nitrogen and salt contents with a two-year experiments.The results showed that the effects of soil salinity on the growth and physiological characteristics of processing tomato were significantly greater than that of input of nitrogen fertilizers.The higher soil salt content(≥5.0 g/kg)significantly inhibited the growth of processing tomato.The increase in addition of nitrogen fertilizer could alleviate the salt inhibition and promote the growth of processed tomato with the increase of soil salt content,and the maximum nitrogen application rate was 300 kg/hm2.The linear plus platform was selected to determine the nitrogen effect models of non-saline-alkali soil and weak saline-alkali soil,but the square root nitrogen effect model of moderate saline-alkali soil was selected to accurately predict the yield of processing tomato.It was suggested that the processing tomatoes should be planted in moderate saline-alkali soil to achieve higher yields due to lower input of nitrogen fertilizer,potentially reducing fertilizer costs and maximizing profits from high processing tomato yields.The results have a strong guiding significance for planting of processing tomato on saline-alkali land and appropriate fertilization to increase the yield of processing tomato.
