Utilizing the convex hull theory, a novel minimum zone circle （MZC） method, named im- proved minimum zone circle （IMZC） was developed in this paper. There were three steps for IMZC to evaluate the roundness error....Utilizing the convex hull theory, a novel minimum zone circle （MZC） method, named im- proved minimum zone circle （IMZC） was developed in this paper. There were three steps for IMZC to evaluate the roundness error. Firstly, with the convex hull algorithm, data points on the circle contour were categorized into two sets to determine two concentric circles which contained all points of the contour. Secondly, vertexes of the minimum circumscribed circle and the maximum inscribed circle were found out from the previously determined two sets, and then four tangent points for de- termining the two concentric circles were also found out. Lastly, according to the evaluation using the MZC method, the roundness error was figured out. In this paper l IMZC was used to evaluate roundness errors of some micro parts. The evaluation results showed that the measurement precision using the IMZC method was higher than the least squared circle （LSC） method for the same set of data points, and IMZC had the same accuracy as the traditional MZC but dramatically shortened com- putation time. The computation time of IMZC was 6. 89% of the traditional MZC.展开更多
To characterize the uncertainty and fuzziness in offshore structural inspection, probability of detection (POD) must be determined. This paper presents the expressions for the POD of four different damage forms mainly...To characterize the uncertainty and fuzziness in offshore structural inspection, probability of detection (POD) must be determined. This paper presents the expressions for the POD of four different damage forms mainly existing in offshore structures. The fuzzy-set theory is applied to estimate human errors through the definition of inspection quality. Expressions of inspection quality are achieved. To verify the validity and correctness of the expressions, the data from an offshore platform field inspection of evaluation results of human errors affecting inspection quality are used to estimate the parameters of the POD. The results show that the present models can provide basis for further study of ofTshore structural inspection reliability.展开更多
It is the responsibility of pharmacists to ensure the safety of patients as pharmacist’s professional duties expand into diverse directions. In recent years, the use of automated dispensing systems has increased;howe...It is the responsibility of pharmacists to ensure the safety of patients as pharmacist’s professional duties expand into diverse directions. In recent years, the use of automated dispensing systems has increased;however, the inspection by pharmacists is the most important step in the prevention of medical errors. Comparing the inspection of hospital and community pharmacists may lead to an increased awareness of incident countermeasures. Therefore, eye tracking was performed for hospital and community pharmacists who conduct inspection, and the results revealed the factors that affect dispensing errors. One of the factors was the size of the dispensing space, especially if the space was small and the items needed were not easily accessible. In addition, differences in the inspection procedures among pharmacists were presumed to lead to possible dispensing errors due to oversights. Moreover, it was suggested that any subsequent work would flow more smoothly if a pharmacist checked the prescription and medication history management records at the beginning. Furthermore, it was thought that keeping a history of checks, such as recording any prescription checks in writing, would speed up finding the cause in the unlikely event that a dispensing error occurred. Accordingly, creating an environment in which one can concentrate without distractions during the inspections can lead to the prevention of dispensing error.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China ( 51075035 )Beijing Training Program for the Talents( 210D00911000002)
文摘Utilizing the convex hull theory, a novel minimum zone circle （MZC） method, named im- proved minimum zone circle （IMZC） was developed in this paper. There were three steps for IMZC to evaluate the roundness error. Firstly, with the convex hull algorithm, data points on the circle contour were categorized into two sets to determine two concentric circles which contained all points of the contour. Secondly, vertexes of the minimum circumscribed circle and the maximum inscribed circle were found out from the previously determined two sets, and then four tangent points for de- termining the two concentric circles were also found out. Lastly, according to the evaluation using the MZC method, the roundness error was figured out. In this paper l IMZC was used to evaluate roundness errors of some micro parts. The evaluation results showed that the measurement precision using the IMZC method was higher than the least squared circle （LSC） method for the same set of data points, and IMZC had the same accuracy as the traditional MZC but dramatically shortened com- putation time. The computation time of IMZC was 6. 89% of the traditional MZC.
文摘To characterize the uncertainty and fuzziness in offshore structural inspection, probability of detection (POD) must be determined. This paper presents the expressions for the POD of four different damage forms mainly existing in offshore structures. The fuzzy-set theory is applied to estimate human errors through the definition of inspection quality. Expressions of inspection quality are achieved. To verify the validity and correctness of the expressions, the data from an offshore platform field inspection of evaluation results of human errors affecting inspection quality are used to estimate the parameters of the POD. The results show that the present models can provide basis for further study of ofTshore structural inspection reliability.
文摘It is the responsibility of pharmacists to ensure the safety of patients as pharmacist’s professional duties expand into diverse directions. In recent years, the use of automated dispensing systems has increased;however, the inspection by pharmacists is the most important step in the prevention of medical errors. Comparing the inspection of hospital and community pharmacists may lead to an increased awareness of incident countermeasures. Therefore, eye tracking was performed for hospital and community pharmacists who conduct inspection, and the results revealed the factors that affect dispensing errors. One of the factors was the size of the dispensing space, especially if the space was small and the items needed were not easily accessible. In addition, differences in the inspection procedures among pharmacists were presumed to lead to possible dispensing errors due to oversights. Moreover, it was suggested that any subsequent work would flow more smoothly if a pharmacist checked the prescription and medication history management records at the beginning. Furthermore, it was thought that keeping a history of checks, such as recording any prescription checks in writing, would speed up finding the cause in the unlikely event that a dispensing error occurred. Accordingly, creating an environment in which one can concentrate without distractions during the inspections can lead to the prevention of dispensing error.
