Rare esophageal carcinoma-primary adenoid cystic carcinoma of the esophagus: A case report

BACKGROUND Esophageal adenoid cystic carcinoma(EACC)is an exceedingly rare malignant tumor of the esophagus,posing significant challenges in the clinic.CASE SUMMARY This report detailed the case of a 72-year-old male whose diagnosis of EACC was confirmed through postoperative histopathological examination.The patient underwent thoracoscopy-assisted radical resection of the esophageal tumor,coupled with lymph node dissection.Pathological findings revealed an adenoid cystic carcinoma infiltrating the entire layer of the muscularis propria,locally extending into the outer membrane of the esophageal fiber,involving the cardia and exhibiting no lymph node metastasis.The patient’s condition was classified as primary EACC,T3N0M0,per the American Joint Committee on Cancer(2017;8th edition).One month after surgery,the patient received postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy.CONCLUSION In addressing the rarity and high potential for biopsy misdiagnosis of EACC,this study delved into its diagnostic methods and treatment.

Novel milestones for early esophageal carcinoma:From bench to bed

Esophageal cancer(EC)is the seventh most common cancer worldwide,and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)accounts for the majority of cases of EC.To effectively diagnose and treat ESCC and improve patient prognosis,timely diagnosis in the initial phase of the illness is necessary.This article offers a detailed summary of the latest advancements and emerging technologies in the timely identification of ECs.Molecular biology and epigenetics approaches involve the use of molecular mechanisms combined with fluorescence quanti-tative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR),high-throughput sequencing technology(next-generation sequencing),and digital PCR technology to study endogenous or exogenous biomolecular changes in the human body and provide a decision-making basis for the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of diseases.The invest-igation of the microbiome is a swiftly progressing area in human cancer research,and microorganisms with complex functions are potential components of the tumor microenvironment.The intratumoral microbiota was also found to be connected to tumor progression.The application of endoscopy as a crucial technique for the early identification of ESCC has been essential,and with ongoing advancements in technology,endoscopy has continuously improved.With the advancement of artificial intelligence(AI)technology,the utilization of AI in the detection of gastrointestinal tumors has become increasingly prevalent.The implementation of AI can effectively resolve the discrepancies among observers,improve the detection rate,assist in predicting the depth of invasion and differentiation status,guide the pericancerous margins,and aid in a more accurate diagnosis of ESCC.

Efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with thalidomide and S-1 for esophageal carcinoma and its influence on serum tumor markers

BACKGROUND Although the current conventional treatment strategies for esophageal carcinoma(EC)have been proven effective,they are often accompanied by serious adverse events.Therefore,it is still necessary to continue to explore new therapeutic strategies for EC to improve the clinical outcome of patients.AIM To elucidate the clinical efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)with thalidomide(THAL)and S-1(tegafur,gimeracil,and oteracil potassium capsules)in the treatment of EC as well as its influence on serum tumor markers(STMs).METHODS First,62 patients with EC treated at the Zibo 148 Hospital between November 2019 and November 2022 were selected and grouped according to the received treatment.Among these,30 patients undergoing CCRT with cis-platinum and 5-fluorouracil were assigned to the control group(Con),and 32 patients receiving CCRT with THAL and S-1 were assigned to the research group(Res).Second,inter-group comparisons were carried out with respect to curative efficacy,incidence of drug toxicities,STMs[carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125)and macrophage inflammatory protein-3α(MIP-3α)],angiogenesis-related indicators[vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF);VEGF receptor-1(VEGFR-1);basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF);angiogenin-2(Ang-2)],and quality of life(QoL)[QoL core 30(QLQ-C30)]after one month of treatment.RESULTS The analysis showed no statistical difference in the overall response rate and disease control rate between the two patient cohorts;however,the incidences of grade I–II myelosuppression and gastrointestinal reactions were significantly lower in the Res than in the Con.Besides,the post-treatment CA125,MIP-3α,VEGF,VEGFR-1,bFGF,and Ang-2 Levels in the Res were markedly lower compared with the pre-treatment levels and the corresponding post-treatment levels in the Con.Furthermore,more evident improvements in QLQ-C30 scores from the dimensions of physical,role,emotional,and social functions were determined in the Res.CONCLUSION The above results demonstrate the effectiveness of THAL+S-1 CCRT for EC,which contributes to mild side effects and significant reduction of CA125,MIP-3α,VEGF,VEGFR-1,bFGF,and Ang-2 Levels,thus inhibiting tumors from malignant progression and enhancing patients’QoL.

Early esophageal carcinomas in achalasia patient after endoscopic submucosal dissection combined with peroral endoscopic myotomy:A case report

BACKGROUND Achalasia is associated with high risk of esophageal carcinoma.However,the optimal endoscopic surgery for patients with early esophageal carcinoma concomitant with achalasia remains unclear.CASE SUMMARY A combination of concurrent endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)and modified peroral endoscopic myotomy(POEM)was performed on a 62-year-old male,who presented with multiple early esophageal carcinomas concomitant with achalasia.The patient exhibited an improvement in feeding obstruction,and presented no evidence of disease during the 3-year follow-up.CONCLUSION The combination of ESD and POEM is a feasible treatment modality for patients with early esophageal carcinoma concomitant with achalasia.

Is Escalated Radiation Dose in Definitive Chemoradiotherapy Better for Inoperable Esophageal Carcinoma? A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the survival benefits between different total radiation doses in definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) for inoperable esophageal carcinoma (EC) based on modern radiotherapy techniques. Methods: A systematic review was performed by searching the databases of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science. All studies published prior to November 30, 2022, comparing radiation dose and disease-related outcomes in EC patients. The hazard ratio (HR) and odds ratio (OR) were used to describe the risk of outcomes and toxicities. Results: Seven prospective trials involving 1124EC patients were enrolled for analyses. The results revealed that the effect on overall survival (HR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.85 - 1.16, P = 0.94), local progression-free survival (HR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.58 - 1.17, P = 0.29), local regional progression-free survival (HR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.76 - 1.17, P = 0.61), progression-free survival (HR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.71 - 1.13, P = 0.35) was similar in the high-dose and standard-dose groups. Additionally, a high radiation dose exhibited a potential disadvantage in respiratory toxicities when compared with a standard dose (4.8% vs 2.2%, OR 2.11, P = 0.06). Conclusions: The efficacy of the HD group (≥60 Gy) and the SD group (approximately 50 Gy) for inoperable local advanced EC was similar. However, the HD group exhibited a high radiation dose exhibited a potential disadvantage in respiratory toxicities when compared with a standard dose. Simultaneously, the final results of several ongoing prospective trials regarding the optimal radiation dose in dCRT are awaited.

Clinical evidence of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for resectable locally advanced esophageal carcinoma:A systematic review

Background:Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)as the neoadjuvant therapy for resectable locally advanced esophageal carcinoma(rlaEC)remains challenging given the poor reports of efficacy and safety.This study aimed to summarize reliable evidence for the preoperative neoadjuvant immunotherapy of rlaEc by analyzing all the published clinical trials on the ICIs as the neoadjuvant therapy for rlaEC.Methods:PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception until June 1st,2023,for available reports to perform a meta-analysis.The primary endpoints were RO resection,objective response rate(ORR),pathological complete response(pCR)and major pathological response(MPR),as well as treatment-related adverse events(AEs)and postoperative complications.The Stata 14.0 software was employed to estimate pooled effect size.Results:A total of 18 single-arm clinical trials involving 625 patients met the inclusion criteria.Meta-analysis showed that,among these patients with rlaEC,the pooled R0 resection rate was 97.0%(95%CI:94.0%-99.0%),the p0oled ORR was 70.0%(95%CI:64.0%-76.0%),the p0oled pCR and MPR rate were 34.0%(95%CI:29.0%-39.0%)and 56.0%(95%CI:47.0%-65.0%)respectively.The incidence of main treatment-related AEs and postoperative complications was about 6%-45% and 8%-19% respectively.Conclusions:Patients with rlaEC were tolerated to neoadjuvant immunotherapy and it might be beneficial to improve efficacy.But this meta-analysis had limitations and the conclusions still needed to be validated by more rigorous phase II randomized controlled clinical trials.

Mucosal esophageal carcinoma following endoscopic submucosal dissection with giant gastric metastasis:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Esophageal carcinoma is a highly aggressive digestive cancer responsible for a notable proportion of cancer-related deaths worldwide.Its elevated metastatic rate contributes to a poor prognosis in affected patients.In this case review,we aim to summarize the metastatic characteristics of intramural gastric metastasis(IGM)in mucosal esophageal squamous carcinoma.CASE SUMMARY A 56-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of a dry cough with an esophageal sensation for one year.Endoscopic examination revealed a 2.0 cm 1.0 cm,superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,and the patient underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).Fifteen months after ESD,positron emission tomography/computed tomography revealed that the metabolism of the stomach cardia wall had increased slightly.However,the mucosa of the gastric cardia was smooth under gastroendoscopy.Two years after ESD,endoscopic examination revealed a giant gastric cardia carcinoma,while the esophageal mucosa was smooth,and no advanced cancer was found.A biopsy of the gastric cardia indicated squamous-cell carcinoma.The patient received immunochemotherapy and radiotherapy for esophageal cancer for 8 mo and is currently under follow-up.CONCLUSION Early-stage esophageal carcinoma with IGM is rare.Despite the ESD of the primary lesion,IGM may still occur and should be closely monitored after ESD.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LYMPH NODE METASTASES IN ESOPHAGEAL CARCINOMA AND ITS PROGNOSIS

Objective: To study the relationship between lymph node metastases in esophageal carcinoma and its prognosis. Methods: We obtained 1500 resected lymph nodes from the specimen of 86 patients with resected esophageal carcinoma and checked these lymph nodes by routine histopathology. Additiionally, frozen tissue sections of 540 lymph nodes classified as tumor-free by routine histopathology were screened for micrometastases by immunohistology with the monoclonal antibody Ber-EP4. Results: Forty-two patients (49%) had pN0 disease, and 61 patients (71%) had lymph node micrometastases detected by immunohistochemistry, skip metastases detected by routine histopathology were present in 26%(11/42) of pN0 and 41%(18/44) of pN1 patients. Skipping of micrometastases detected by immunohistochemistry was found in 71%(61/86). Twenty-six of 42 patients (62%) with tumor staged as pN0 and 35 of 44 patients (80%) with stage pN1 had nodal micrometastasis. The presence of micrometastases was associated with a significantly decreased relapse-free time and overall survival (P<0.0001 and P=0.004, respectively). Conclusion: Lymph node skip metastases are a frequent event in esophageal carcinoma. Extensive lymph node sampling, in conjunction with immunohistochemical detection, will lead to accurate staging and prognosis.

Anti-tumor Effect and Its Mechanisms of Ursolic Acid on Human Esophageal Carcinoma Cell Eca-109 in Vivo

Objective： To investigate the anti-tumor effect and possible mechanisms of ursolic acid on human esophageal carcinoma in vivo. Methods： Atransplanted tumor model by injecting Eca-109 cells into subcutaneous tissue of BALB/c nude mice was established. 40 nude mice bearing tumors were randomly divided into 4 groups and 0.2 ml saline or 0.2 ml ursolic acid （25-100 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） was injected into abdominal cavity respectively once everyday and lasted for fourteen days. The changes of tumor volume were measured continuously and tumor inhibition rate was calculated. The morphological changes of apoptosis were observed by electron microscope. The expressions of COX-2, bcl-2 and Bax protein in transplanted tumors were detected by immunohistochemistry. At last the PGE2 level of transplanted tumors was detected byradioimmunoassay. Results： Treatment of nude mice with 25, 50, or 100 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 of ursolic acid significantly inhibited the growth of the human esophageal carcinoma tumor in nude mice and induced Eca-109 cells apoptosis as demonstrated by electron microscopy analyses. The expressions of COX-2 and bcl-2 in the transplanted tumors were decreased in ursolic acid groups, while the Bax increased. The PGE2 level of transplanted tumors was decreased in ursolic acid groups with adose-relatedmanner. Conclusion： Ursolic acid has anti-tumor effects against human esophageal carcinoma cells in vivo, which are likely mediated via induction of tumor cell apoptosis and inhibition of COX-2 and PGE2.

Effects of Oxymatrine on the Apoptosis of Human Esophageal Carcinoma Eca109 Cell Line and Its Mechanism

The effects of Oxymatrine （Oxy） on the proliferation and apoptosis of human esophageal carcinoma Ecal09 cell line and the mechanism were investigated. The human esophageal carcinoma Eca 109 celis were cultured in vitro. The Oxy-induced apoptosis of Eca 109 cells was assayed by using flow cytometry. The expressions of p-ERKII2, Cyclin D1, p21^waf/cipl, Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by Western blot. Flow cytometry revealed that Oxy could induce the apoptosis of Eca l09 cells. Western blot showed that Oxy of different concentrations suppressed the expressions of p-ERK1/2, Cyclin D1 and Bcl-2, but up-regulated the expression of p21waf/cip1 and Bax, and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 was increased. It was suggested the Oxy could induce the apoptosis of Eca l09 cells, which might be related to the upregulation of p21waf/cip1 and the downregulation of p-ERK1/2, Cyclin D1 and p21^waf/cip1. The possible pathway may be related to Bcl-2/Bax.

Expression of miR-1304 in patients with esophageal carcinoma and risk factors for recurrence

BACKGROUND Esophageal carcinoma is a malignant gastrointestinal tumor with a very poor prognosis.MicroRNA(miR)-1304 is a newly discovered non-coding RNA,which shows differential expression in other cancers,and its clinical value in esophageal carcinoma remains unclear.AIM To explore the expression of miR-1304 in patients with esophageal carcinoma and its clinical value.METHODS The expression of miR-1304 in patients with esophageal carcinoma was analyzed based on the data on miR in esophageal carcinoma downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was adopted to determine the expression of miR-1304 in the tissues and serum of patients.The clinical diagnostic value of miR-1304 and independent factors for recurrence and prognosis of esophageal carcinoma were then analyzed.The potential target genes of miR-1304 were predicted,and then analyzed based on gene ontology,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes,and Genomes,and protein-protein interaction.RESULTS The expression of miR-1304 in the tissues and serum of patients with esophageal carcinoma increased,and was also increased according to the database.Patients with high expression of miR-1304 suffered increased rates of tumor≥3 cm,low differentiation and stage II+III.miR-1304 had a diagnostic value in identifying esophageal carcinoma,tumor size,differentiation and TNM stage.Tumor size,differentiation,TNM stage,and miR-1304 were independent risk factors for recurrence of esophageal carcinoma,and they had certain predictive and diagnostic value for the recurrence of esophageal carcinoma.Seventy-eight patients showed a 3-year survival rate of 38.46%,and patients with high expression of miR-1304 had a relatively lower survival rate.Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor size,differentiation,recurrence and miR-1304 were independent factors for the prognosis of patients.MiRTarBase,miRDB,and Targetscan predicted 20 target genes in total.Gene ontology enrichment analysis found 18 functions with aP<0.05,and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes,and Genomes analysis found 11 signal pathways with aP<0.05.String analysis of protein co-expression found 269 relationship pairs,of which co-expression with epidermal growth factor was the most common.CONCLUSION miR-1304 can be used as a potential indicator for the diagnosis and recurrence of esophageal carcinoma and for survival of patients with this disease.

MicroRNA and esophageal carcinoma

Objective：An abundant class of non-coding small RNA molecules, 21-25 nucleotide in length, are widely found in animals and plants and named microRNA （miRNA）. MiRNAs are highly evolutionarily conserved, expressing in specific tissue and timing, and negatively regulate the gene expressions at the posttranscriptional level,and subsequently control crucial physiological processes such as metabolism, amplification, differentiation, development and apoptosis, Therefore, miRNAs could provide an access to many human diseases in theory. Recent evidence demonstrates that miRNAs play an important role in the initiation and progression of human cancer, mainly by interrupting the cell cycle at the cellular level and by interacting with signaling The expression profiling of miRNAs can be used as a tool of diagnosis, staging, prognosis and biotherapy of some tumors, as has already been proven to have superiority to mRNA, in the categorization of tumors. This review focuses on the genesis, mechanism of action of miRNA and its relationship to tumors, detection methods and its potential effect on the diagnosis, staging, and biotherapy in esophageal carcinoma.

EFFECT OF PREOPERATIVE CHEMOTHERAPY ON METASTASIZED LYMPH NODES IN PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED ESOPHAGEAL CARCINOMA

Objective To investigate the effect and clinical value of preoperative chemotherapy on the treatment of metastasized lymph nodes in patients with advanced esophageal carcinoma. Methods We studied the pathological results of primary lesions and lymph nodes of 97 patients with advanced esophageal cancer between 1996 and 1999,62 patients were treated by preoperative chemotherapy and 35 patients were treated by surgery only. Results The metas- tasized rate and degree of mediastinum in preoperative group were 16.1% and 4.7% ,whereas 65.7% and 34.2% in the surgery only group (P<0.05) ;That of abdomen in preoperative group were 25.8% and 6.6% ,whereas 48.6% and 12.0% in the surgery only group (P<0.05). Conclusion Preparative chemotherapy is effective not only against the primary lesions but also the metastasized lymph nodes. The lower complete response rate of the metastasized lymph may account for the unsatisfied long-term results. Whole resection of primary lesions and lymph nodes are still very important for a better prognosis even for patients who have a good response for the preoperative chemotherapy.

Qualitative and Quantitative Studies of Polygene Proteins Expression in Esophageal Precancerous Lesions and Esophageal Carcinoma

Objective： To examine the expressions of MDM2, P53 and P27 proteins in chronic esophagitis, para-cancer mucosa and esophageal carcinoma. Methods： Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of MDM2, P53 and P27 proteins in forty-seven patients suffering from chronic esophagitis and eighty-five cases of esophageal carcinoma and corresponding para-cancer mucosa. Flow cytometry（（FCM） was applied to detect the quantities of these proteins expressed in fresh tissues of 48 cases of esophageal cancer and their para-cancer tissues and 24 cases of relative normal mucosa at the surface of cutting edge. Results： Immunohistochemistry results showed that the expressions of the three studied proteins were very similar in the epithelia of chronic esophagitis and para-cancer mucosa （P〉0.05）. Both the qualitative and quantitative studies displayed that the P53 protein had no expression and its accumulations would appear only in the early stages of esophagus canceration while the MDM2 and P27 proteins had different degrees of expressions in cases of normal esophageal mucosa. MDM2 protein markedly increased in the advanced stages of esophageal canceration. A quantitative study showed that the expression of P27 protein had a linearity of decreasing tendency （F=9.132, P=0.002） in the course of esophageal canceration. Conclusion： Chronic esophagitis may be a precancerous lesion. Owing to the changes of the P53 and P27 proteins, we can also conclude that these occur in the early stages of esophagus oncogenesis, however the changes of MDM2 expression may occur in the advanced stage of esophageal canceration.

THE ESOPHAGEAL CARCINOMA OF RHESUS MONKEYS FROM TAIHANG MOUNTAIN AREA OF HIGH MORBIDITY OF ESOPHAGEAL CARCINOMA

Taihang Mountain area, a high Incidence area of human esophageal cancer in Northern China. 124 Rhesus monkeys (Macacs Mulatta) were caught in the area in January 1989. Among them, two monkeys died of esophageal carcinoma in 1990. Case 1, a male monkey about 6. 5 yean old and weighing 14. 5 kg, had symptoms of salivation, vomiting and dysphagia in Fabruary 1990. The symptoms became gradually more serious and died in march 1990. Postmortem examination revealed a huge tumor in the distal segment of esophagus, causing severe structure of the organ. The tumor was classified as medullary type and histopathologically diagnosed as a well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, with metastases to mediastinum and lymph nodes of right gastric group. Case 2, a female monkey ablut 11-year-old and weighing 10. 0 kg, showed loss of appetite, tiredness, somnolence, caughing and vomiting in September and died in December 1990. Autopsy revealed an annular tumor involving the whole clcumference of lower portion of the esophagus. The tumor was of ulcerative type and diagnosed as a well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The symptoms and pathological changes of the two monkeys showed high similarity to esophageal cancer in humen. We believe that the present findings would provide important leads for further study to clarify the etiology and pathogenesis ofhuman esophageal cancer in this high Incidence area of esophageal cancer.of

Primary small cell esophageal carcinoma,chemotherapy sequential immunotherapy:A case report

BACKGROUND Primary small cell esophageal carcinoma(PSCEC)is aggressive and rare,with a worse prognosis than other subtypes esophageal carcinoma.No definitive and optimum standard guidelines are established for treating it.Herein,we report a case of PSCEC,including a current literature review of PSCEC.CASE SUMMARY A 79-year-old male was diagnosed PSCEC with multiple lymph node metastasis thorough computed tomography,positron emission tomography-computed tomography,endoscopy and pathology.Surgery was not suitable for this patient.He was treated with etoposide 100 mg/m2 and cisplatin 25 mg/m2 on days 1-3,every 3 wk for 4 cycles.The tumor and lymph nodes became smaller and dysphagia and vomiting symptoms improved.The patient could not tolerate subsequent chemotherapy(CT)because of hematological toxicity;therefore,we performed immunotherapy(durvalumab,1500 mg)every 4 wk.At present the patient has received 12 cycles immunotherapy over about 1 year.He is still receiving treatment and follow-up.CONCLUSION PSCEC with multiple lymph nodes metastasis does not always indicate surgery.CT may extend survival time and improve the quality of life in the absence of surgery.Immunotherapy or immunotherapy plus CT may also work as a treatment for PSCEC.

Cervical Castleman's disease mimicking lymph node metastasis of esophageal carcinoma

Castleman's disease(CD) is an uncommon benign lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown etiology. A rare case of cervical CD diagnosed at lymph node dissection for esophageal carcinoma is reported. An esophageal tumor was identified in a 67-year-old man during a follow-up examination after surgery for oral carcinoma. Esophagoscopy revealed a type 1 tumor in the cervical esophagus. Histology of esophagoscopic biopsies indicated squamous cell carcinoma. Contrastenhanced computed tomography revealed swollen lymph nodes of the right cervical region. No distant metastasis was detected. Esophageal carcinoma, T2N2M0, Stage ⅢA was diagnosed. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was recommended, but the patient rejected the chemotherapy. The patient underwent laparoscopic-assisted transhiatal esophagectomy. The histopathological diagnosis was moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma with pT1bN0M0, Stage ⅠA. On histology, the swollen lymph nodes of the right cervical region revealed CD. The patient's postoperative course was relatively good.

Inhibition of cellular proliferation and induction of apoptosis in human esophageal carcinoma cell lines by extracts of Dioscorea bulbifera L and Chinese Angelica

Objective： To investigate the antiproliferative and apoptogenic activities of polysaccharides extracted from Dioscorea bulbifera L （DBP） and Chinese Angelica （CAP） and a 3：2 mixture of these compounds （DCCP） on two esophageal carcinoma cell lines, EC9706 and Ecal09. Methods： A MTT assay was used to detect the effects of DBP （10 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml）, DCCP（17 μg/ml and 170 μg/ ml） and CAP （10 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml） on the proliferation of EC9706 and Eca109 cells. DNA content analysis by flow cytometry was used to determine the cell cycle distribution, and Annexin V-FITC/PI stained fluorescence-activated cell sorter （FACS） was used to detect the apotosis rate of treated cells. Western blots were used to examine protein levels. Results： DBP and DCCP strongly inhibited the proliferation and viability of both the EC9706 and Eca109 cells. CAP enhanced the effects of DBP. DCCP primarily arrested the EC9706 and Eca109 cells at the G1 phase of the cell cycle. DCCP induced apoptosis in both esophageal carcinoma cell lines, and reduced the expression of plKBa and Bcl-2 proteins. Conclusion： DCCP triggered apoptosis in esophageal carcinoma cells by inhibiting the NF-KB signaling pathway.

Pre- and Post-Surgical Health-Related Quality of Life Evaluation of Esophageal Carcinoma Patients

For patients with esophageal carcinoma (ESCA), health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has now become an essential feature. To examine the quality of life of preoperative and postoperative ESCA patients, we used the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Core Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ C-30) and the Quality of Life Questionnaire Oesophageal 18 (QLQ-OES18). Using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and the QLQ-OES18 questionnaire, the analysis of the quality of life scores of 246 patients with oesophageal cancer who were operated on at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre during the period 2013 to 2015 was carried out. Differences between pre- and post-surgical EORTC QLQ C-30 and QLQ-OES18 scores were examined using the Student’s t-test. Patients’ global health status (QoL) decreased significantly one month after the operation but gradually recovered within a year. In terms of the role function, the emotional function, the cognitive function, and the perception and function variants, EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-OES18 scores increased statistically significantly, as did clinical signs variables such as exhaustion, nausea, vomiting, pain, sleeplessness, decreased appetite, stomach pain, and economic hardship. After surgery, there was an improvement in functional and symptom domains in esophageal carcinoma patients. EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-OES18 can be used to assess the HRQoL before and after surgical procedures.