<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective:</span></b><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">To </sp...<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective:</span></b><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">To </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">put forward suggestions to improve the linkage mechanism between China’s essential medicine list and healthcare insurance medicine list. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Comparative study of the organization setting, selection criteria, adjustment procedures, and reimbursement of essential medicine list and healthcare insurance medicine list, containing</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">both the foreign experience and China’s status quo. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">When two lists exist at the same time, they are often managed separately abroad, setting more selection criteria for the essential medicine, and giving the essential medicine </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">higher payment ratio. The two lists in China are managed and adjusted separately, but lack of con</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">nection</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> As a result,</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">some essential medicines cannot be reimbursed</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The two lists’ linkage mechanism needs to be improved. It is recommended to </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">make it </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">clear that essential medicines should be selected from the healthcare insurance medicine list, and enhance the consistency of medicine evaluation through mutually scientific evidence.展开更多
The risk of internal and external exposure to ionizing radiation(IR)has increased alongside the development and implementation of nuclear technology.Therefore,serious security issues have emerged globally,and there ha...The risk of internal and external exposure to ionizing radiation(IR)has increased alongside the development and implementation of nuclear technology.Therefore,serious security issues have emerged globally,and there has been an increase in the number of studies focusing on radiological prevention and medical countermeasures.Radioprotective drugs are particularly important components of emergency medical preparedness strategies for the clinical management of IR-induced injuries.However,a few drugs have been approved to date to treat such injuries,and the related mechanisms are not entirely understood.Thus,the aim of the present review was to provide a brief overview of the World Health Organization's updated list of essential medicines for 2023 for the proper management of national stockpiles and the treatment of radiological emergencies.This review also discusses the types of radiation-induced health injuries and the related mechanisms,as well as the development of various radioprotective agents,including Chinese herbal medicines,for which significant survival benefits have been demonstrated in animal models of acute radiation syndrome.展开更多
Although a key tenant of the Sustainable Development Goals is to achieve universal health coverage,the global drug gap persists-cver a third of the global population lack access to essential medicines.Without access t...Although a key tenant of the Sustainable Development Goals is to achieve universal health coverage,the global drug gap persists-cver a third of the global population lack access to essential medicines.Without access to affordable drugs,people have worse health outcomes,higher medical expenses,and productivity loss,pushing them into poverty.Health technology assessments(HTAs)offer an opportunity to decrease the global drug gap and increase access to essential medicines by overcoming barriers to medicine access.These barriers include drug procurement,drug affordability for payers and patients,a patienfs ability to obtain essential medicines,and health system capacity.Using HTAs can therefore close the global drug gap by increasing access to affordable essential medicines.In turn,people have better health outcomes,spend less money on medical care,and can have better productivity.Ultimately,use of HTAs can lift the population out of poverty and force fewer people into poverty by creating better health outcomes at affordable prices.展开更多
文摘<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective:</span></b><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">To </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">put forward suggestions to improve the linkage mechanism between China’s essential medicine list and healthcare insurance medicine list. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Comparative study of the organization setting, selection criteria, adjustment procedures, and reimbursement of essential medicine list and healthcare insurance medicine list, containing</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">both the foreign experience and China’s status quo. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">When two lists exist at the same time, they are often managed separately abroad, setting more selection criteria for the essential medicine, and giving the essential medicine </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">higher payment ratio. The two lists in China are managed and adjusted separately, but lack of con</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">nection</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> As a result,</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">some essential medicines cannot be reimbursed</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The two lists’ linkage mechanism needs to be improved. It is recommended to </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">make it </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">clear that essential medicines should be selected from the healthcare insurance medicine list, and enhance the consistency of medicine evaluation through mutually scientific evidence.
基金National Human Diseases Animal Model Resource CenterNational Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:81972975+1 种基金Applied Basic Research Key Program of Tianjin,Grant/Award Number:22JCZDJC00430CAMS Medicine and Health Technology Innovation Project,Grant/Award Number:2021-I2M-1-060。
文摘The risk of internal and external exposure to ionizing radiation(IR)has increased alongside the development and implementation of nuclear technology.Therefore,serious security issues have emerged globally,and there has been an increase in the number of studies focusing on radiological prevention and medical countermeasures.Radioprotective drugs are particularly important components of emergency medical preparedness strategies for the clinical management of IR-induced injuries.However,a few drugs have been approved to date to treat such injuries,and the related mechanisms are not entirely understood.Thus,the aim of the present review was to provide a brief overview of the World Health Organization's updated list of essential medicines for 2023 for the proper management of national stockpiles and the treatment of radiological emergencies.This review also discusses the types of radiation-induced health injuries and the related mechanisms,as well as the development of various radioprotective agents,including Chinese herbal medicines,for which significant survival benefits have been demonstrated in animal models of acute radiation syndrome.
基金support from“A Demonstration Program on Health Technology Assessment in China”by China Medical Board(Grant 19-318).
文摘Although a key tenant of the Sustainable Development Goals is to achieve universal health coverage,the global drug gap persists-cver a third of the global population lack access to essential medicines.Without access to affordable drugs,people have worse health outcomes,higher medical expenses,and productivity loss,pushing them into poverty.Health technology assessments(HTAs)offer an opportunity to decrease the global drug gap and increase access to essential medicines by overcoming barriers to medicine access.These barriers include drug procurement,drug affordability for payers and patients,a patienfs ability to obtain essential medicines,and health system capacity.Using HTAs can therefore close the global drug gap by increasing access to affordable essential medicines.In turn,people have better health outcomes,spend less money on medical care,and can have better productivity.Ultimately,use of HTAs can lift the population out of poverty and force fewer people into poverty by creating better health outcomes at affordable prices.