A new carbonaceous catalyst with sulfonic acid group （-SO3H） was prepared by incomplete carbonization of β-cyclodextrin followed by sulfonation.The sulfonated amorphous carbon was characterized by IR,elemental anal...A new carbonaceous catalyst with sulfonic acid group （-SO3H） was prepared by incomplete carbonization of β-cyclodextrin followed by sulfonation.The sulfonated amorphous carbon was characterized by IR,elemental analysis,DSC-TGA and PXRD,and the catalytic activity was investigated to be an efficient catalyst for the esterification reactions with maximum yield of 87%.The sulfonated carbonaceous catalyst was readily separated from the reaction solution and keeps approximately equal catalytic activity.The results confirm that the active centre is the hydrophilic sulfonic acid functional group in the esterification reactions.展开更多
Several imidazolium ionic liquid（IL）-supported sulfonic acids with different anions,[C_3SO_3Hmim]HSO_4,[C_3SO_3Hmim]BF_4, [C_3SO_3 Hmim]PF_6,and[C_3SO_3Hmim]CF_3SO_3,were synthesized and applied as catalysts for est...Several imidazolium ionic liquid（IL）-supported sulfonic acids with different anions,[C_3SO_3Hmim]HSO_4,[C_3SO_3Hmim]BF_4, [C_3SO_3 Hmim]PF_6,and[C_3SO_3Hmim]CF_3SO_3,were synthesized and applied as catalysts for esterification reaction of benzoic acid. The experimental results indicate that imidazolium IL-supported sulfonic acid containing anion of HSO_4^- shows the best catalytic activity.Only when less[C_3SO_3Hmim]HSO_4（0.3 equiv.） applied,was the product obtained with high yield of 97%.Furthermore, the produced esters could be separated by decantation,and the catalyst could be reused after the removal of water.展开更多
Zirconia nanotube-supported H3 PW_（12）O_（40）（HPW） catalysts were obtained by loading HPW onto zirconia nanotube arrays which were prepared through anodization of zirconium foil in the mixture of formamide and gl...Zirconia nanotube-supported H3 PW_（12）O_（40）（HPW） catalysts were obtained by loading HPW onto zirconia nanotube arrays which were prepared through anodization of zirconium foil in the mixture of formamide and glycerol（volume ratio = 1：1） containing 1 wt% NH4 F and 1 wt% H_2 O.The samples were characterized through scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction,infrared spectra and thermogravimetric analysis. Various factors affecting the catalytic activities have been investigated. The catalysts, prepared through pretreating the nanotube carrier at 400 ＇C, followed by loading with 35 wt% HPW and calcining at 200 ℃, possess high catalytic activities in the synthesis of fatty acid ethyl ester. Under the optimal reaction conditions, the conversion percentages of lauric acid, oleic acid and stearic acid are all higher than 98.5%.展开更多
基金Funded by the Guangdong Science Project (No.2008B011000015)
文摘A new carbonaceous catalyst with sulfonic acid group （-SO3H） was prepared by incomplete carbonization of β-cyclodextrin followed by sulfonation.The sulfonated amorphous carbon was characterized by IR,elemental analysis,DSC-TGA and PXRD,and the catalytic activity was investigated to be an efficient catalyst for the esterification reactions with maximum yield of 87%.The sulfonated carbonaceous catalyst was readily separated from the reaction solution and keeps approximately equal catalytic activity.The results confirm that the active centre is the hydrophilic sulfonic acid functional group in the esterification reactions.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20676033)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.20070410169)Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project(No.B507) for financial support
文摘Several imidazolium ionic liquid（IL）-supported sulfonic acids with different anions,[C_3SO_3Hmim]HSO_4,[C_3SO_3Hmim]BF_4, [C_3SO_3 Hmim]PF_6,and[C_3SO_3Hmim]CF_3SO_3,were synthesized and applied as catalysts for esterification reaction of benzoic acid. The experimental results indicate that imidazolium IL-supported sulfonic acid containing anion of HSO_4^- shows the best catalytic activity.Only when less[C_3SO_3Hmim]HSO_4（0.3 equiv.） applied,was the product obtained with high yield of 97%.Furthermore, the produced esters could be separated by decantation,and the catalyst could be reused after the removal of water.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51272064)Key Basic Research Program of Hebei Province of China(No. 17964401D)
文摘Zirconia nanotube-supported H3 PW_（12）O_（40）（HPW） catalysts were obtained by loading HPW onto zirconia nanotube arrays which were prepared through anodization of zirconium foil in the mixture of formamide and glycerol（volume ratio = 1：1） containing 1 wt% NH4 F and 1 wt% H_2 O.The samples were characterized through scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction,infrared spectra and thermogravimetric analysis. Various factors affecting the catalytic activities have been investigated. The catalysts, prepared through pretreating the nanotube carrier at 400 ＇C, followed by loading with 35 wt% HPW and calcining at 200 ℃, possess high catalytic activities in the synthesis of fatty acid ethyl ester. Under the optimal reaction conditions, the conversion percentages of lauric acid, oleic acid and stearic acid are all higher than 98.5%.
