Short term in vivo thrombosis evaluation of FW-Ⅱaxial blood pump for left ventricular assist

Objective To evaluate in vivo antithrombosis property of optimized FW-Ⅱaxial blood pump and provide evidence for future clinical use. Methods A left ventriclepump-descending aorta bypass model was established in five healthy sheep (60 70 kg) and the circulation ofthese sheep was assisted by FW-Ⅱaxial blood pump for 2 weeks. At preoperative and postoperative day 1,2,3,7。

A lateral-immobilization zebrafish microfluidic chip-based system for in vivo real-time evaluation of antithrombotic agents

Thrombosis remains a major global health concern mainly characterized by high rates of morbidity and mortality.Animal models serve as an indispensable tool to understand the underlying pathogenesis of thrombosis and assess the efficacy of novel antithrombotic drugs.Currently,zebrafish has emerged as a valuable model organism for thrombosis research.However,the traditional method of studying zebrafish thrombosis requires a laborious and time-consuming procedure,including anesthesia and manual immobilization of zebrafish.In this study,based on hydrodynamic force,a lateral-immobilization zebrafish microfluidic chip(LIZMC)was designed to evaluate the cardiovascular system of multiple larvae within a single microscope field of view.Specifically,coupling with microscope imaging,real-time monitoring of the peripheral blood circulation in the tail of phenylhydrazine(PHZ)-induced zebrafish thrombosis was enabled.Furthermore,the reliability of LIZMC for in vivo evaluation of antithrombotic agents in zebrafish was verified using aspirin.Collectively,this novel LIZMC-based system can be used for in vivo zebrafish thrombosis studies and rapid screening of antithrombotic agents.

In vivo evaluation of urokinase-loaded hollow nanogels for sonothrombolysis on suture embolization-induced acute ischemic stroke rat model

The urokinase-type plasminogen activator(uPA)loaded hollow nanogels(nUK)were synthesized by a one-step reaction of glycol chitosan and aldehyde capped poly(ethylene oxide).The resultant formulation is sensitive to diagnostic ultrasound(US)of 2 MHz.Herein,we evaluated the in vivo sonothrombolysis performance of the nUK on acute ischemic stroke rat model which was established by suture embolization of middle cerebral artery(MCA).Via intravenous(i.v.)administration,the experimental data prove a controlled release of the therapeutic protein around the clots under ultrasound stimulation,leading to enhanced thrombolysis efficiency of the nUK,evidenced from smaller infarct volume and better clinical scores when compared to the i.v.dose of free uPA no matter with or without US intervention.Meanwhile,the preservation ability of the nanogels not only prolonged the circulation duration of the protein,but also resulted in the better blood-brain barrier protection of the nUK formulation,showing no increased risk on the hemorrhagic transformation than the controls.This work suggests that the nUK is a safe sonothrombolytic formulation for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.

IN VITRO AND IN VIVO EVALUATION OF THE SAFETY OF SOME BENINESE PLANTS USED IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE

About 80%of population in developing countries use traditional remedies in their usual health care and plants used in traditional medicine are an interesting alternative to expensive and hardly available modern medicines,mainly in rural areas.Moreover,they are a promising source of new drugs structurally innovative.Therefore it is important to investigate their biological properties and we focused on5 beninese plants:Byrsocarpus coccineus Schumach.&Thonn(Connaraceae),Carpolobia lutea G.Don(Polygalaceae),

Translation through collaboration:practice applied in BAMOS project in in vivo testing of innovative osteochondral scaffolds

Osteoarthritis is the most common chronic degenerative joint disease,recognized by the World Health Organization as a public health problem that affects millions of people worldwide.The project Biomaterials and Additive Manufacturing:Osteochondral Scaffold(BAMOS)innovation applied to osteoarthritis,funded under the frame of the Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Staff Exchanges(RISE)program,aims to delay or avoid the use of joint replacements by developing novel cost-effective osteochondral scaffold technology for early intervention of osteoarthritis.The multidisciplinary consortium of BAMOS,formed by international leading research centres,collaborates through research and innovation staff exchanges.The project covers all the stages of the development before the clinical trials:design of scaffolds,biomaterials development,processability under additive manufacturing,in vitro test,and in vivo test.This paper reports the translational practice adopted in the project in in vivo assessment of the osteochondral scaffolds developed.

A network pharmacology study of Sendeng-4,a Mongolian medicine

We collected the data on the Sendeng-4 chemical composition corresponding targets through the literature and from Drug Bank, SuperT arget, TTD(Therapeutic Targets Database) and other databases and the relevant signaling pathways from the KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) database and established models of the chemical composition-target network and chemical composition-target- disease network using Cytoscape software, the analysis indicated that the chemical composition had at least nine different types of targets that acted together to exert effects on the diseases, suggesting a "multi-component, multi-target" feature of the traditional Mongolian medicine. We also employed the rat model of rheumatoid arthritis induced by Collgen Type II to validate the key targets of the chemical components of Sendeng-4, and three of the key targets were validated through laboratory experiments, further confirming the anti-inflammatory effects of Sendeng-4. In all, this study predicted the active ingredients and targets of Sendeng-4, and explored its mechanism of action, which provided new strategies and methods for further research and development of Sendeng-4 and other traditional Mongolian medicines as well.

History,progress and future challenges of artificial blood vessels:a narrative review

Cardiovascular disease serves as the leading cause of death worldwide,with stenosis,occlusion,or severe dysfunction of blood vessels being its pathophysiological mechanism.Vascular replacement is the preferred surgical option for treating obstructed vascular structures.Due to the limited availability of healthy autologous vessels as well as the incidence of postoperative complications,there is an increasing demand for artificial blood vessels.From synthetic to natural,or a mixture of these components,numerous materials have been used to prepare artificial vascular grafts.Although synthetic grafts are more appropriate for use in medium to large-diameter vessels,they fail when replacing small-diameter vessels.Tissue-engineered vascular grafts are very likely to be an ideal alternative to autologous grafts in small-diameter vessels and are worthy of further investigation.However,a multitude of problems remain that must be resolved before they can be used in biomedical applications.Accordingly,this review attempts to describe these problems and provide a discussion of the generation of artificial blood vessels.In addition,we deliberate on current state-of-the-art technologies for creating artificial blood vessels,including advances in materials,fabrication techniques,various methods of surface modification,as well as preclinical and clinical applications.Furthermore,the evaluation of grafts both in vivo and in vitro,mechanical properties,challenges,and directions for further research are also discussed.