Full-domain collaborative deployment method of multiple interference sources and evaluation of its deployment effect

This paper realizes the full-domain collaborative deployment of multiple interference sources of the global satellite navigation system(GNSS)and evaluates the deployment effect to enhance the ability to disturb the attacker and the capability to defend the GNSS during navigation countermeasures.Key evaluation indicators for the jamming effect of GNSS suppressive and deceptive jamming sources are first created,their evaluation models are built,and their detection procedures are sorted out,as the basis for determining the deployment principles.The principles for collaboratively deploying multi-jamming sources are developed to obtain the deployment structures(including the required number,structures in demand,and corresponding positions)of three single interference sources required by collaboratively deploying.Accordingly,simulation and hardware-in-loop testing results are presented to determine a rational configuration of the collaborative deployment of multi-jamming sources in the set situation and further realize the full-domain deployment of an interference network from ground,air to space.Varied evaluation indices for the deployment effect are finally developed to evaluate the deployment effect of the proposed configuration and further verify its reliability and rationality.

Soil Properties and Land Capability Evaluation in a Mountainous Ecosystem of North-West Cameroon

Up to date, tropical mountainous ecosystems still lack in depth information on soil and environmental characteristics which are major factors limiting optimum crop production. The objective of this work was to study soil characteristics and to evaluate the land capability level for the production of some common tropical crops in mountainous ecosystem soils of North West Cameroon. Soil sampling was done following a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications for three topographic positions (upslope, midslope and footslope) and at two depths (0 - 20 cm and 20 - 100 cm). It was completed by standard laboratory analyses. The fertility capability classification (FCC) system enabled to identify soil limitations and to classify soils into FCC units. Land and climate were evaluated by simple limitation and parametric methods. Globally, the soils were dark-colored, sandy clayey to clayey, compact and very acidic (pHH2O = 4.3 - 5.8). The organic matter (3.7% - 5.1% dry matter), total nitrogen (0.08% - 0.56%) and available phosphorus (22.1 to 30.9 mg?kg?1) recorded for the 0 - 20 cm depth then reduced with depth but midslope values were also lower. The C/N ratio varied between 9 and 45. Low C/N values appeared mostly in 0 - 20 cm depth at the upslope and downslope soils and subsurface soils of midslope position. Exchangeable Ca was very low to low (1.43 - 3.6 cmol + kg?1), Mg was very low to low (0.39 - 1.5 cmol + kg?1), K was low to medium (0.2 - 0.54 cmol + kg?1) and Na was very low (?1). The sum of exchangeable bases was very low (3.02 - 5.19 cmol + kg?1), cation exchange capacity was low to moderate (8.60 - 25.6 cmol + kg?1) and base saturation was very low to low (19.27% - 36.97%). Leaching of bases under heavy rainfall is a major cause of soil acidification under humid topical ecosystems. The Ca/Mg/K ratio was unbalanced and Mg was the most relatively concentrated base in all the soils. There was a clear variation of most of the soil properties along the slope and with depth. The soils were classified in the FCC system as aek for the upslope soils, Caek for the midslope soils and Cagk for the footslope soils. The principal limitations to production of huckleberry, beans, maize and potatoes were heavy rainfall, wetness, steep slope, soil texture/structure and low soil fertility. These constraints might be overcome by farming at the end of the raining season, contour ploughing, terracing, fertilization and liming.

Analysis and evaluation of enterprise risk management capability elements

Research on enterprise risk management capability is conducted with a view of discerning and processing risks, in which an evaluation index system and an evaluation model of enterprise risk management capabilities are constructed. The risk management capability consists of four aspects, i.e. risk identification capability, risk assessment capability, risk planning capability and risk control capability. Risk identification and assessment capabilities reflect the level of enterprises on finding and analyzing risks efficiently, while risk planning and control capabilities reflect the level of enterprises on resolving risks effectively. Each of capabilities is then further divided into more detailed elements based on the characteristics of enterprise development for a quantitative analysis of enterprise risk management capability. The approach adopted is a quantitative technique based on the use of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Finally, a case is pulled in to illustrate the feasibility of the method from an empirical perspective. This study is expected to be helpful for enterprises in cultivating their core capabilities.

Evaluation Model for Capability of Enterprise Agent Coalition Based on Information Fusion and Attribute Reduction

For the issue of evaluation of capability of enterprise agent coalition,an evaluation model based on information fusion and entropy weighting method is presented. The attribute reduction method is utilized to reduce indicators of the capability according to the theory of rough set. The new indicator system can be determined. Attribute reduction can also reduce the workload and remove the redundant information,when there are too many indicators or the indicators have strong correlation. The research complexity can be reduced and the efficiency can be improved. Entropy weighting method is used to determine the weights of the remaining indicators,and the importance of indicators is analyzed. The information fusion model based on nearest neighbor method is developed and utilized to evaluate the capability of multiple agent coalitions,compared to cloud evaluation model and D-S evidence method. Simulation results are reasonable and with obvious distinction. Thus they verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the model. The information fusion model can provide more scientific,rational decision support for choosing the best agent coalition,and provide innovative steps for the evaluation process of capability of agent coalitions.

Software Intrusion Detection Evaluation System: A Cost-Based Evaluation of Intrusion Detection Capability

In this paper, we consider a cost-based extension of intrusion detection capability (CID). An objective metric motivated by information theory is presented and based on this formulation;a package for computing the intrusion detection capability of intrusion detection system (IDS), given certain input parameters is developed using Java. In order to determine the expected cost at each IDS operating point, the decision tree method of analysis is employed, and plots of expected cost and intrusion detection capability against false positive rate were generated. The point of intersection between the maximum intrusion detection capability and the expected cost is selected as the optimal operating point. Considering an IDS in the context of its intrinsic ability to detect intrusions at the least expected cost, findings revealed that the optimal operating point is the most suitable for the given IDS. The cost-based extension is used to select optimal operating point, calculate expected cost, and compare two actual intrusion detectors. The proposed cost-based extension of intrusion detection capability will be very useful to information technology (IT), telecommunication firms, and financial institutions, for making proper decisions in evaluating the suitability of an IDS for a specific operational environment.

Secondary relative evaluations on regional technology innovation capability in SMEs

According to this problem that every regional technology innovation of SMEs and innovation environment are different, the method on secondary relative evaluation to measure the innovation capability of SMEs in 9 provinces and 3 municipalities is developed in this paper. First the Fuzzy Integral Comprehensive Evaluation is adopted to measure the comprehensive index states of technological innovation of SMEs in different regions, and then the BCC model in Data Envelopment Analysis is used to calculate the secondary relative evaluation of regional technology innovation capability in SMEs, so that this method not only settles the relevance between indexes influencing regional technology innovation capability of SMEs, but also eliminates the influence of objective basic condition, and then provides bases for every region to make out policies and rules on technological innovation of SMEs and for enterprise to establish relevant strategy of technological innovation.

Research on the Evaluation of the Enterprise＇s Technology Innovation Capability

With the fast development of technology and the fierce market competition, technology innovation has been put on firm agenda to each enterprise＇s success. Under this circumstance, how to improve the innovation capability of enterprise is very important. Meanwhile, how to evaluate the enterprise＇s innovation capability becomes a key point. This paper analyses the content of enterprise＇s innovation capability based on the innovation process. A set of evaluation index systems of enterorise＇s innovation capability have also been given out.

Concept and evaluation method of equipment system of systems contribution rate

To scientifically evaluate the equipment system of systems(SoS)contribution rate,a contribution rate calculation method based on a structural equation model(SEM)is proposed in this paper.The connotation and evaluation process of the equipment SoS contribution rate were redefined and standardized.To solve the existing problems in the application of the original contribution rate formula,a modified contribution rate calculation formula is proposed.Finally,the contribution rate evaluation index was divided into latent and explicit variables.The measurement and structural equations in the SEM were used to calculate and analyze the latent variables.The simulation results show that the number of defense lines of air defense weapon equipment has a greater impact on the linear configuration than the group configuration.When the number of K-type air defense weapons is sufficient,the two-layer linear configuration should be adopted with 20 air defense weapon systems.When the number of K-type air defense weapons is insufficient,the single-layer group configuration should be adopted with 12 air defense weapon systems.

Design of an Index System for Deep Groundwater Management Efficiency Evaluation: A Case Study in Tianjin City, China

An effective evaluation system can provide specific and practical suggestions to the deep groundwater management. But such kind of evaluation system has not been proposed in China. In this study, an evaluation index system is specifically developed to evaluate deep groundwater management efficiency. It is composed of three first-level indicators(law enforcement capability, management ability, and management effectiveness) and eleven second-level indicators. The second-level indicators include seven mandatory indicators and four optional indicators. Piecewise linear function is used to normalize the quantitative indicators, and expert scoring method and questionnaire survey method are used to normalize the qualitative indicators. Then a comprehensive indicator weighting evaluation method is used to evaluate the first-level indicators and the target topic. A case study is carried out to evaluate deep groundwater management efficiency in Tianjin City. According to the evaluation score in each period, the management efficiency of every district in Tianjin City gradually improved. The overall evaluation score in the early deep groundwater extraction period is 0.12. After a series of deep groundwater protection efforts, this score reached to 0.61 in 2007, and met the regulation criteria. The evaluation results also showed that the further groundwater management efforts in Tianjin City should be focused on building a dynamic database to collect comprehensive deep well-log data; and on a reasonable design and distribution of the groundwater monitoring network. It demonstrated that the index system is suitable to locate the deficiencies of current groundwater management systems and to guide further improvements. It can then be used to protect deep groundwater.

高校图书馆科研数据管理服务能力评价指标体系研究

本文通过对相关文献和主流模型的梳理,从形式、内容、效用三个维度构建高校图书馆科研数据管理服务能力评价指标体系,并通过一系列科学验证,最终得到由机构支撑力、管理服务力、社会效应力3个一级指标,经费资源支撑、数据资源管理、用户素养教育、学术影响力等11个二级指标,成本效益分析、数据使用规范、用户素养教育内容、科研成果产出等35个三级指标构成的指标体系。构建高校图书馆科研数据管理服务能力评价指标体系,在为国内实践研究提供评价工具的同时,也可以促进高校图书馆科研数据管理服务规范化发展。

Accountable capability improvement based on interpretable capability evaluation using belief rule base

A new approach is proposed in this study for accountable capability improvement based on interpretable capability evaluation using the belief rule base(BRB).Firstly,a capability evaluation model is constructed and optimized.Then,the key sub-capabilities are identified by quantitatively calculating the contributions made by each sub-capability to the overall capability.Finally,the overall capability is improved by optimizing the identified key sub-capabilities.The theoretical contributions of the proposed approach are as follows.(i)An interpretable capability evaluation model is constructed by employing BRB which can provide complete access to decision-makers.(ii)Key sub-capabilities are identified according to the quantitative contribution analysis results.(iii)Accountable capability improvement is carried out by only optimizing the identified key sub-capabilities.Case study results show that“Surveillance”,“Positioning”,and“Identification”are identified as key sub-capabilities with a summed contribution of 75.55%in an analytical and deducible fashion based on the interpretable capability evaluation model.As a result,the overall capability is improved by optimizing only the identified key sub-capabilities.The overall capability can be greatly improved from 59.20%to 81.80%with a minimum cost of 397.Furthermore,this paper also investigates how optimizing the BRB with more collected data would affect the evaluation results:only optimizing“Surveillance”and“Positioning”can also improve the overall capability to 81.34%with a cost of 370,which thus validates the efficiency of the proposed approach.

形成性考核评价探索与实践--以行业特色专业课为例

在教育信息化改革的背景下,信息技术赋能教学过程,支持可循证的教学过程记录和形成性考核评价改革。该文以促进新时代教育评价为目标,面向行业需求采用基于能力指标体系的形成性考核评价方式,并对可视化呈现方式进行探索。为全面体现学生学习效果、进一步开展学习分析及有针对性地持续改进学习策略提供研究基础。

学科交叉融合培养实践创新型人才的研究

目的探索医学教育与多学科交叉融合背景下建立以增强科研创新意识和能力为主的全新教学模式。方法选择北华大学2021级临床医学专业本科生为研究对象。根据平时成绩将30名学生随机分成两个组,A组15人,采用传统授课模式,完成基本教学内容。B组15人,在完成基础教学的基础上,增加多学科交叉融合教学,学期结束后比较两组同学在课程体系评价、学生实践教学考核成绩、师资队伍评价、教学效果和质量评价。结果在课程体系评价中,B组课程的整体表现优于A组;实践教学考核成绩得分,B组得分明显高于A组;在授课内容贴合本专业领域前沿、理论知识与实践相结合、学科进行交叉融合、师生互动、激发学生思考能力和创新思维上,A组教师优良率仅为33.3%~73.3%,而B组教师优良率为86.7%~100%,B组教师表现较A组教师提升较大。在教学效果评价和教学质量评价方面B组整体优于A组。结论医学教育与多学科交叉融合培养能够有效地提升医学本科生科研创新能力。

高校教师教学能力发展实践策略探析

本文围绕高校教师教学能力发展展开讨论。通过分析现阶段高校教师教学能力发展的现状和面临的挑战,认识到教学质量与学生发展为中心、培养具备创新能力和实践能力的学生的原则对于教师教学能力发展至关重要;在此基础上,提出了建立关于教师教学能力发展的保障制度、提供多样化的教师教学能力发展支持、加强教学团队建设与协作机制、鼓励教师教学研究与创新实践以及将教师专业发展与学校发展目标相结合的具体策略。

中国共同富裕推进能力的演化特征与空间关系

共同富裕的推进能力是共同富裕在长期历史过程中取得实质性进展的基础。从基础保障能力、全面致富能力、共享发展能力、持续完善能力和认同达成能力这五个维度,构建中国共同富裕推进能力评价指标体系,测度2010—2020年中国30个省份共同富裕推进能力及障碍因子,运用Dagum基尼系数、Moran’s I指数和Kernel密度估计分别对共同富裕推进能力的空间特征和动态演进趋势进行实证分析。研究发现:(1)中国共同富裕推进能力在整体上呈现递增态势且保持较高增速,但共同富裕推进能力的区域差距仍然明显;共同富裕推进能力的主要障碍因子较多集中在基础保障能力和全面致富能力两个子系统中。(2)共同富裕推进能力的空间差距在小幅波动中保持平稳,差距尚未明显缩小,其主要来源是区域间差异;各省份共同富裕推进能力存在空间正相关,大部分省份呈现“高—高”集聚和“低—低”集聚的状态。(3)从动态演进来看,共同富裕推进能力分布呈现主峰位置右移、极化现象、曲线宽度拉大、右拖尾变长的形态特征,反映出中国共同富裕推进能力总体不断提升与地区差异并存的态势。

面向全流程的科研机构知识管理能力评价指标框架研究——以沈阳市12家国家级重点实验室为例

识别及提升知识管理能力是科研机构评价活动的核心任务,但由于不同科研机构之间存在着研究领域和管理体系的差异,跨机构的评价和经验共享存在诸多障碍。现有的知识管理能力评价体系多以科研成果或行政流程为主要指标,存在一些不容忽视的隐患。为此,基于资源基础观和动态能力理论,将知识作为核心管理资源,并将知识资源的相关管理流程作为评价知识管理能力的指标,通过系统文献综述及德尔菲方法梳理出一套包含6个环节、30项要素的全流程知识能力评价指标框架,采用该指标框架对沈阳市12家国家级重点实验室的知识管理能力进行横向评价,根据评价结果给出有针对性的管理及政策建议。研究表明:该指标框架既能从一个更完整、动态的角度了解科研机构的知识管理能力,还能为科研机构之间的横向比较、评估和政策指导提供便利;12家实验室在知识收集、存档、阐述和应用方面表现良好,但在知识的保留、分享、协作、创新以及转化方面存在较大改良空间。为此,应建立全面公正的评估机制,通过定期审计和评估来确保实验室达到预定的知识管理标准。

大模型驱动的学术文本挖掘--推理端指令策略构建及能力评测

大型语言模型突出的任务理解和指令遵循能力,使用户可以通过简单的指令交互完成复杂的信息处理任务。科技文献分析领域正在积极探索大模型的应用,但尚未形成对指令工程技术和模型能力边界的系统性研究。本文以学术文本挖掘任务为切入点,从上下文学习、思维链推理等角度设计推理端指令策略,构建了涵盖文本分类、信息抽取、文本推理和文本生成4个能力维度共6项任务的大模型学术文本挖掘专业能力评测框架,并选取了7个国内外主流的指令调优模型进行实验,对比了不同指令策略的适用范围和不同参数模型的专业能力。实验结果表明,少样本、思维链等复杂指令策略在分类任务上的应用效果并不显著,而在抽取、生成等难度较高的任务上表现良好。千亿级参数规模的大模型经过指令引导,能够取得与充分训练的深度学习模型相近的效果,但对于十亿级或百亿级规模大模型,推理端的指令策略存在明显上限。为了实现大模型向科技情报领域的深层嵌入,现阶段仍需在调优端对模型参数进行领域化适配。

基于国家公立医院绩效考核的医疗服务能力评价和提升策略研究

目的:以广州市为例,评价三级公立医院医疗服务能力,提出医疗服务能力的提升策略。方法:采用熵权-TOPSIS方法和Kernel密度估计,评估2019-2021年广州市省部属、市属和区属三级公立医院的医疗服务能力。同时,运用Dagum基尼系数分析医疗服务能力的不平等程度。结果:研究显示,广州市三级公立医院在医疗服务能力上存在显著差异。省部属医院整体表现较好,市属医院正在缩小与省部属医院的差距,而区属医院面临较大挑战。基尼系数分析揭示不同级别医院之间以及同一级别内部的医疗服务能力不平等问题。结论:为提升医院服务能力,建议实施差异化策略,明确不同类型医院的功能定位,并关注内涵式发展。加强跨医院合作和知识共享,提高科学管理水平,并加大政策和资金支持,尤其是对区属医院。

城市轨道交通工程防淹能力评估方法研究

近年来我国城市轨道交通工程水淹事件频发,人民生命财产安全受到威胁。交通运输部在2022年7月修订的《城市轨道交通初期运营前安全评估管理办法》中增加了“工程项目防洪专项论证报告等材料”作为轨道交通新线投入初期运营前的前提条件之一,因此开展城市轨道交通工程防淹能力研究十分必要和紧迫。本文从外部风险、基础防汛能力、防汛预警能力、应急救援能力等方面研究了影响城市轨道交通工程防淹能力的关键因素,利用专家打分法、层次分析法构建了评估指标体系及其权重系数,并根据我国现行法律法规标准规范提出了各指标评分细则,建立了城市轨道交通运营线路防淹能力评估方法,以期为我国汛期城市轨道交通运营安全提供技术支撑。

四川省高校专利实施能力评价指标体系构建及其专利实施能力分析

中国提出到2024年年底前实现全国高校未转化有效专利盘点全覆盖,推动提升高校专利转化效率。然而,目前学界缺乏针对包含高价值专利、专利转移速度和专利维持水平等维度在内的高校专利实施能力评价的综合性研究。四川省高校专利实施能力的评价方法和过程与国内其他很多省份类似,因此,以具有权利转让、许可或质押这3种实施方式的专利数据为研究目标,基于Innojoy专利搜索引擎,构建四川省高校专利实施能力的评价指标体系,对其中包含的数量指标、技术指标、实施速度指标和价值指标进行综合分析。结果发现:四川省高校专利实施数量呈逐年上升趋势,专利权转让仍旧是最主要实施方式;实施专利多涉及分析测试、材料及性能、图像算法、电器电路以及半导体技术领域;3年内实施专利数量占实施专利总数的四成以上,且专利维持时间多集中在4年~6年,但海外布局和中国专利奖获奖数量均偏少。因此,从区域发展、专利质量、市场需求、战略管理和协同合作等方面提出促进四川省高校提升专利实施效率的对策建议。