Research on the Index System of Old Neighborhood Renovation Based on Green Building Evaluation Standard

With the advancement of the transformation,the contradiction between the residents’demand for a better living environment and the convenience of living in the settlements comes to the fore.Effective identification,organic integration,timely adoption,and correct decision-making for the transformation of old neighborhoods are pressing issues in the transformation of old neighborhoods.Therefore,this paper takes the green building evaluation standards of various countries as the research basis and support for the construction of the transformation strategy of old neighborhoods.Through the collection and comparative analysis of the indicators of green building evaluation standards,the index system of transformation is formed,and it also provides a certain foundation for the subsequent related research.

Standards System and Evaluation Indicators System for Environmental Protection Products

环境保护产品和设备是规定支持为的重要物质基础和保险到减少的精力使用和排出物的战略目的实现当改进资源经济时与环境好心在持续 fashion.Here 的社会大楼，以及持续发展经济和环境，为环境保护产品的标准系统和评估指示物系统的框架基于 pr

Discussion of the Evaluation Method and Value of Green Building's POE in the Era of Large Data

China vigorously is carrying out the construction of green building and ecological city during " The 12 th five-Year plan". Now,although the identification system of design and operation have been implemented in the evaluation of green building,lacking of appropriate evaluation after use. The actual operation results of many buildings,which have got a green building logo,are not satisfied from the user 's perspective. In this paper,an evaluation method that combines the actual building energy consumption and users' satisfaction has been discussed,based on the post occupancy evaluation( POE) theory and the Big data technology. Through the comparison and analysis of building objective operational metrics and users subjective feelings indicators,the green buildings' POE has been achieved. Finally,the study analyzes the assessed value of green building's POE from the three-time dimensions,short-term,medium-term and long-term. And the outlook of the direction is looking forward to the follow-up study.

Evaluation indices of sour flavor for apple fruit and grading standards

In order to establish grading standards of evaluation indices for sour flavor of apples, 10 indices of samples from 106 apple cultivars were tested, including： malic acid（Mal）, oxalic acid（Oxa）, citric acid（Cit）, lactic acid（Lac）, succinic acid（Suc）, fumaric acid（Fum）, total organic acids（To A, the sum of the six organic acids tested）, titratable acid（TiA）, acidity value（AcV）, and pH value. For most of the cultivars studied（85.8%）, the order of the organic acid contents in apples was Mal〉Oxa〉Cit〉Lac〉Suc〉Fum. Mal was the dominant organic acid, on average, accounting for 94.5% of To A. Among the 10 indices, the dispersion of pH value was the smallest with a coefficient of variation of only 8.2%, while the coefficients of variation of the other nine indices were larger, ranging between 31 and 66%. There were significant linear relationships between Mal and two indices（ToA and AcV） as well as between ToA and AcV. There were significant logarithmic relationships between pH value and four indices： Mal, TiA, ToA, and AcV. All the equations had very high fitting accuracy and can be used to accurately predict related indices. According to this study, Mal, ToA, and AcV of apple were normally distributed, TiA was close to normally distributed, whereas pH value had a skewed distribution. Using the fitted normal distribution curves, the grading standards of Mal, TiA, ToA, and AcV were established. The grading node values of pH value were obtained using the logarithmic relationship between pH value and Mal. The grading standards of these five indices can be used to evaluate the sour flavor of apple. This study provides a scientific basis for evaluating apple flavor and selecting apple cultivars.

Research on Evaluation System of Green Residential Buildings in Cold Areas of Sichuan

With regard to the rapid growth of China’s building area and the increasing energy consumption of buildings, green buildings have become an important issue for balancing economic development and environmental impact. However, the current evaluation systems for various types of green buildings are often unable to achieve a set of standards in practice due to the distinct regional characteristics of each region. Therefore, in view of the regional characteristics of the climate, terrain, ecology, and economic development in the cold regions of Sichuan, it is important to study the evaluation system of green residential buildings suitable for the cold regions of Sichuan. This article focuses on the regional characteristics of climate, topography, ecology, and economic development in the cold regions of Sichuan, and discusses the limitations of the current standards on the practice of green building in cold regions of Sichuan through a sociological questionnaire survey on the comfort of living in the local population. Then from the two dimensions of the advantages of traditional houses and the particularity of national culture, the strategies for the optimization and improvement of the evaluation index system for green residential buildings in the cold regions of Sichuan were proposed. After comprehensively considering the factors that affect the green residential buildings, including the regional characteristics of the cold regions of Sichuan, and the green performance of buildings, local characteristics and ethnic features were included in the evaluation system. The evaluation index system of green residential buildings in the cold regions of Sichuan, consists of 92 three-level indicators. A professional hierarchical analysis software yaahp was used to establish a multi-level hierarchical model between the indicators, and the indicators were compared with each other layer by layer to clarify the importance of the indicators. Based on this, a judgment matrix for each layer was constructed and obtained. The weight of each indicator is accurate, and the scoring mechanism and grading standards are constructed according to it. Through the calculation, the consistency test of the entire model was passed, thereby confirming the scientificity and rationality of the entire evaluation system.

An integrated framework for automatic green building evaluation:A case study of China

With the burgeoning emphasis on sustainable construction practices in China,the demand for green building assessment has significantly escalated.The overall evaluation process comprises two key components:The acquisition of evaluation data and the evaluation of green scores,both of which entail considerable time and effort.Previous research predominantly concentrated on automating the latter process,often neglecting the exploration of automating the former in accordance with the Chinese green building assessment system.Furthermore,there is a pressing requirement for more streamlined management of structured standard knowledge to facilitate broader dissemination.In response to these challenges,this paper presents a conceptual framework that integrates building information modeling,ontology,and web map services to augment the efficiency of the overall evaluation process and the management of standard knowledge.More specifically,in accordance with the Assessment Standard for Green Building(GB/T 50378-2019)in China,this study innovatively employs visual programming software,Dynamo in Autodesk Revit,and the application programming interface of web map services to expedite the acquisition of essential architectural data and geographic information for green building assessment.Subsequently,ontology technology is harnessed to visualize the management of standard knowledge related to green building assessment and to enable the derivation of green scores through logical reasoning.Ultimately,a residential building is employed as a case study to validate the theoretical and technical feasibility of the developed automated evaluation conceptual framework for green buildings.The research findings hold valuable utility in providing a self-assessment method for applicants in the field.

“生命建筑挑战”评价标准及其实践应用——以Center for Sustainable Landscapes为例

人们对可持续发展的日益重视使绿色建筑认证成为关注焦点。当今“双碳”目标对建筑的可持续性提出了更高的要求,建筑评价体系也应与时俱进,适应时代发展的要求。“生命建筑挑战”评价标准综合了目前环境研究领域的核心问题,意在推动绿色建筑评价体系向前发展,是当前最为严格的认证体系,以减少环境影响、实现生态修复为目的,以再生性设计原则为指导,并利用当前最先进的可持续技术和策略为实现手段。通过对“生命建筑挑战”评价标准的评价对象、评价内容、认证流程和认证等级进行总结,分析其变化历程及特点,并结合实际认证项目对其实际应用进行分析,为我国绿色建筑评价发展提供启示与借鉴。

Research on the Evaluation System of National Standards

This paper presents an evaluation system of national standardlevels composed of certain indicators and their respective weights.The goalof quantitatiye evaluation of national standards was achieved by expels decidingon indicators of a single national standard.This evaluation system provideda reasonable basis to evaluate the national standard level.It will alsoplay an important role in regulating standards and improving the nationalstandards level.

Training indicators and quantitative criteria for emergency nurse specialists

Objective： By constructing a training system of quality evaluation standards for emergency nurse specialist（ENS）, we can ensure smooth operations and quality training for ENS.Methods： First, the frame structure of indicators was designed on the basis of system theory and the balanced scorecard method. Meanwhile, corresponding quantitative standard indicators were compiled through literature analysis and a review of training characteristics. Next, screening indicators were collected through consultation with experts and statistical calculations. The indicators weight coefficient was calculated using the analytic hierarchy process（AHP）. Finally, indicators were validated in two groups of nurses in two different training courses.Results：（1） We created a three-level indicator system： level-Ⅰ dimensions have 4 indicators, while level-Ⅱ dimensions and level-Ⅲ dimensions have 13 and 34 indicators, respectively;（2） The coefficient of expert＇s judgment is 0.840, familiarity is 0.914 and authority is 0.877, and the three rounds of coordination coefficient are 0.456, 0.553 and 0.715, respectively;（3） There are at least 56 indicators in alternative quantitative standards; and（4） The alpha reliability value of the indicator system in the two training course had no significant difference（P 〉 0.05）. The same result was observed when examining two groups of nurses in one training course（P 〉 0.05）.Conclusions： This study established a training system of quality evaluation standards for emergency nurse specialists that is objective, reliable, easy to operate and representative according to scientific selection and verification. This system can therefore provide a basis for quality evaluation and targeted improvement for ENS training in addition to promoting health.

Ecosystem Health and Its Evaluation

Firstly, the connotations and influencing factors of ecosystem health are discussed, and then the assessment principle, evaluation stand- ard and evaluation method of ecosystem health and the establishment and measurement of ecosystem health indicators are studied. Through the study of its connotation and evaluation, feasible measures to effectively promote the development of ecosystem health are put forward finally.

Development and Application of Evaluation Index System and Model for Existing Building Green-Retrofitting

This paper establishes an evaluation index system for existing building green-retrofitting considering different building majors. The weights of indicators at different levels were determined by using decision-making analytic hierarchy process. According to fuzzy mathematics theory, indicators at different levels were taken into an evaluation factor set while three-star level, two-star level, one-star level and unqualified level were taken as the comment set to develop a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for the green retrofitting of existing buildings. Additionally, the evaluation system proposed by this paper and the national standard "Assessment standard for green building" GB/T 50378-2014 were used in the assessment of a certain office after green retrofitting as a case study. The case study indicates that the evaluation developed by this research are more applicable for green retrofitting of existing building, while the national standard "Assessment standard for green building" has limitations except for new building.

北京地区办公建筑室内典型污染物日均浓度与工作时均浓度对比分析

以办公建筑为代表的具有明确作息规律的建筑中,以污染物浓度24 h平均值作为室内污染物评价指标的合理性尚不清楚。本文以北京某办公建筑为对象,利用为期1个月的室内CO_(2)和PM2.5浓度的实时监测数据,分析了24 h日均浓度和工作时均浓度(07:00—19:00)的关系。结果表明,对照我国GB/T 18883—2022,室内CO_(2)和PM2.5日均浓度的超标率小于2%,但工作时均浓度的超标率远高于日均浓度(1.25~20倍)。日均浓度与工作时均浓度之间存在较大偏差,PM2.5相对偏差的最大值为0.45,中位值为0.14;CO_(2)相对偏差的最大值为0.34,中位值为0.04。对照我国标准,室内CO_(2)的漏判率为100%,错罚率为0;室内PM2.5的漏判率为62.3%,错罚率为19.7%。错罚率和漏判率与所采用的评价标准密切相关,随着浓度标准的提高,即浓度限值减小,错罚率和漏判率均下降。因此,针对实际办公建筑的空气质量评价,应当同时关注污染物的工作时均浓度而非仅采用24 h日均浓度,并选择合适的评价标准和浓度限值。本文的研究结果为更加准确、有效地评价办公建筑的空气质量评价提供了新思路。

内河船舶绿色化评估体系及评估方法研究

为进一步完善内河船舶绿色化评估指标体系,提升内河船舶绿色化评估系统的科学性、准确性、可靠性、灵活性及效率,在全面、系统地分析绿色船舶内涵的基础上,结合绿色船舶技术的发展现状,归纳总结了绿色技术应用对整个船舶生命周期产生的影响。从船舶本体、应用效果、经济性三个维度构建了内河船舶绿色化评价指标体系,综合分析并确定了各项指标的评估方法,进而构建了各项指标的评估模型。以一艘内河混合动力散货船为研究对象,将实船测试数据带入搭建的评估模型开展实船绿色化评估验证,分析目标船舶的绿色化水平,相较于柴油动力系统,绿色技术应用可使目标船在营运年限内碳排放总量减少12.3%,成本减少8.9%,EEDI计算值(Attained EEDI)相比EEDI-Ⅲ阶段基准值下降约23.5%。

煤矿区绿色低碳评价指标构建及应用

煤矿矿区是煤炭生产的重要基地,对当地经济和能源供应具有重要意义。在我国能源开发和环境保护中,矿区规划占据着举足轻重的地位。随着全球能源格局的变化以及我国提出的“碳达峰、碳中和”战略目标,煤矿矿区的规划不再仅仅局限于资源的开采,更要注重生态环境的保护与修复,以及矿区经济的可持续发展。因此,有必要将“双碳”规划的内容纳入到矿区总体规划中,以此来引导煤炭行业的可持续发展,并支持国家的“双碳”战略目标。为了进行矿区“双碳”规划,首先需要对矿区的碳排放现状进行详细评估,从而为“双碳”规划提供科学依据。以煤矿矿区为视角,提出了“三步法”构建评价指标,即综合分析法初选指标、社会网络分析法补充指标和模型法校核指标。该指标体系包含7项一级指标和36项二级指标,引入模糊变量隶属度函数,建立模型对二级评价指标量化计算,采用逐层模糊综合评价法,对矿区绿色低碳度进行评价。以宁夏积家井矿区为案例,应用本研究的评价体系进行实证分析。结果表明,积家井矿区在绿色低碳发展方面尚处于较低水平,但同时也显示出巨大的改善潜力。针对评价结果,提出矿区未来应当注重合理利用土地资源,加强土地复垦,强化生态重建与保护措施,为矿区的绿色低碳转型提供了可行的路径。

基于技术成熟度的技术评价方法研究

采用文献调研法、比较研究法和内容分析法,梳理技术成熟度的理论发展过程及评价标准,根据技术成熟度评价信息来源分为论文、专利和商业化三种场景,基于不同场景对国内外技术成熟度评价方法进行分类与对比,分析技术成熟度评价方法的研究现状,探讨技术成熟度评价方法在技术管理、资源规划和风险防控方面的应用。从技术维度、应用维度和市场维度出发,构建广义的技术成熟度评价指标体系并提供了各指标的评价方法,评价指标体系包含5个一级指标和15个二级指标。最后从技术成熟度评价方法的推广、应用和特点3个方面提出启示与建议,以期为后续的技术成熟度评价方法研究提供参考。

跨境电商独立站评价指标体系标准研究

跨境电商独立站已成为跨境电商的重要渠道,带动跨境电商品牌出海促进跨境电商产业高质量发展。通过跨境电商独立站评价能够全面衡量跨境电商独立站发展水平,推动跨境电商独立站高质量发展。然而,跨境电商独立站评价缺乏统一的规范,急需标准进行支撑。本文对跨境电商独立站评价指标体系标准开展研究,通过梳理跨境电商独立站标准化现状,提出跨境电商独立站评价指标体系标准的核心技术内容,为跨境电商独立站建设及发展评价提供参考。

新一代含氟环保气体绿色制造标准体系建设实践与效果评价分析

标准化工作对于推动新一代含氟环保气体产业高质量快速发展至关重要,在标准化工作开展时,积极推进标准体系有效实施、开展标准体系评价是必不可少的。本文以新一代含氟环保气体为例,探索了新一代含氟环保气体绿色制造标准体系实施与评价的方法,以期逐步建立完整的、适用于中国含氟环保气体产业的新一代含氟环保气体绿色制造标准体系和合适的实施方案及评价方法。

风力发电机部件绿色选型综合评价方法

为节约风力发电机成本,通过从多个维度权衡风力发电机综合效益、处理定性指标与定量指标的关系、解决定性指标主观因素过大的问题,针对风力发电机部件进行初步选型,确定了需要绿色选型的4种部件,即发电机驱动、变桨、偏航、主传动.基于可持续性评价框架,在全生命周期评价的基础上引入全生命周期成本分析,针对风力发电机制造、安装、使用过程的不同特点引入技术因素,建立部件绿色选型综合评价指标体系.从3个维度分别收集和计算风力发电机部件评价指标值,其中采用切削比能的方法解决加工过程能量消耗数据缺失的问题.在此基础上构建可持续性综合评价模型,建立风力发电机部件评价目标,采用蚁群算法优化最合适的参数.用优化后的模型参数对风力发电机可选部件进行评价,选取综合效益指标最高的部件用于设计和生产.

基于熵权法的地勘集团安全生产标准化影响因素分析

安全生产标准化建设对于单位的安全生产管理具有重要意义。为了探究某地勘集团安全生产标准化建设的影响因素,采用熵权法对其4家下属单位安全生产标准化评审结果进行了分析。结果表明,应急管理、持续改进、检维修、生产现场和生产过程、职业卫生、安全警示标志是该地勘集团的安全生产标准化建设需要重点关注的影响因素,并针对这些影响因素提出了改进建议。

双峰山茶叶品质分析及产品质量标准化生产路径--以孝感市双峰山剥岸村绿茶为例

以孝感市双峰山区域高山野生茶和人工种植茶为研究对象,通过对茶叶的感官评审与茶叶有效成分、有害物质的测定,分别对其品质进行分析。研究表明:高山野生茶外形扁直较光滑,色泽深绿较润,汤色较明亮,香气清香,滋味较清醇爽,带鲜,有青涩味,叶底较嫩匀尚成朵,感官评审得分为89.00;高山野生茶的有效成分的含量分别为:水浸出物含量为50.2%,茶多酚的含量为21.5%,咖啡碱的含量为3.4%,水浸出物、茶多酚含量和咖啡碱的含量与人工种植茶的物质含量基本相同,游离氨基酸与可溶性总糖含量分别为4.2%、8.27%,酚氨比为5.11,茶氨酸的含量为1.54%,游离氨基酸和茶氨酸的含量均高于人工种植茶,酚氨比低于人工种植茶;野生绿茶的有害物质的含量均低于国家标准范围,其中铬、镉、氟化物的含量较人工种植茶的含量少,未检测出砷和锡的含量。总体上看,双峰山茶叶整体品质优良,高山野生茶的污染较低,有其特定的产品特点和优势。农村合作社模式无法确保农民的茶叶收入稳定,不适合市场化运作,可以由省市级科研机构对茶树品种和人工炒制步骤进行优化改良,进一步提升产品质量,引入当地茶叶企业标准化生产,确保产品销路稳定、把控品质,实现各方面双赢局面。