Hepatectomy is still the major curative treatment for patients with liver malignancies.However,it is still a big challenge to remove the tumors in the central posterior area,especially if their location involves the r...Hepatectomy is still the major curative treatment for patients with liver malignancies.However,it is still a big challenge to remove the tumors in the central posterior area,especially if their location involves the retrohepatic inferior vena cava and hepatic veins.Ex vivo liver resection and auto-transplantation(ELRA),a hybrid technique of the traditional liver resection and transplantation,has brought new hope to these patients and therefore becomes a valid alternative to liver transplantation.Due to its technical difficulty,ELRA is still concentrated in a few hepatobiliary centers that have experienced surgeons in both liver resection and liver transplantation.The efficacy and safety of this technique has already been demonstrated in the treatment of benign liver diseases,especially in the advanced alveolar echinococcosis.Recently,the application of ELRA for liver malignances has gained more attention.However,standardization of clinical practice norms and international consensus are still lacking.The prognostic impact in these oncologic patients also needs further evaluation.In this review,we summarized the principles and recent progresses on ELRA.展开更多
This editorial contains comments on the article“Systematic sequential therapy for ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation:A case report and review of li-terature”in the recent issue of World Journal of Gastr...This editorial contains comments on the article“Systematic sequential therapy for ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation:A case report and review of li-terature”in the recent issue of World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.It points out the actuality and importance of the article and focuses primarily on the role and place of ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation(ELRAT)and systemic therapy,underlying molecular mechanisms for targeted therapy in perihilar cho-langiocarcinoma(pCCA)management.pCCA is a tough malignancy with a high proportion of advanced disease at the time of diagnosis.The only curative option is radical surgery.Surgical excision and reconstruction become extremely com-plicated and not always could be performed even in localized disease.On the other hand,ELRAT takes its place among surgical options for carefully selected pCCA patients.In advanced disease,systemic therapy becomes a viable option to prolong survival.This editorial describes current possibilities in chemotherapy and reveals underlying mechanisms and projections in targeted therapy with ki-nase inhibitors and immunotherapy in both palliative and adjuvant settings.Fi-broblast grow factor and fibroblast grow factor receptor,human epidermal grow-th factor receptor 2,isocitrate dehydrogenase,and protein kinase cAMP activated catalytic subunit alpha(PRKACA)and beta(PRKACB)pathways have been ac-tively investigated in CCA in last years.Several agents were introduced and approved by the Food and Drug Administration.They all demonstrated mean-ingful activity in CCA patients with no global change in outcomes.That is why every successfully treated patient counts,especially those with advanced disease.In conclusion,pCCA is still hard to treat due to late diagnosis and extremely complicated surgical options.ELRAT also brings some hope,but it could be performed in very carefully selected patients.Advanced disease requires systemic anticancer treatment,which is supposed to be individualized according to the genetic and molecular features of cancer cells.Targeted therapy in combination with chemo-immunotherapy could be effective in susceptible patients.展开更多
In various industries,particularly in the chemical and pharmaceutical fields,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)spectroscopy provides a unique capacity to detect and characterise complex chemicals while mini...In various industries,particularly in the chemical and pharmaceutical fields,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)spectroscopy provides a unique capacity to detect and characterise complex chemicals while minimising environmental damage by minimal waste generation and reducing the need for extensive sample preparation or use of harmful reagents.This review showcases the versatility of ex situ and in situ FTIR applications for substance identification,analysis,and dynamic monitoring.Ex situ FTIR spectroscopy’s accuracy in identifying impurities,monitoring crystallisation processes,and regulating medication release patterns improves product quality,safety,and efficacy.Furthermore,its quantification capabilities enable more effective drug development,dosage procedures,and quality control practices,all of which are consistent with green analytical principles.On the other hand,in situ FTIR spectroscopy appears to be a novel tool for the real-time investigation of molecular changes during reactions and processes,allowing for the monitoring of drug release kinetics,crystallisation dynamics,and surface contacts,as well as providing vital insights into material behaviour.The combination of ex situ FTIR precision and in situ FTIR dynamic capabilities gives a comprehensive analytical framework for developing green practices,quality control,and innovation in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries.This review presents the wide range of applications of ex situ and in situ FTIR spectroscopy in chemical,pharmaceutical and medical fields as an analytical green chemistry tool.However,further study is required to fully realise FTIR’s potential and develop new applications that improve sustainability in these areas.展开更多
[Objectives] In order to develop Triplostegia glandulifera Wall.ex DC. into foromula granules, a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination method and a TLC identification method for loganic acid in d...[Objectives] In order to develop Triplostegia glandulifera Wall.ex DC. into foromula granules, a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination method and a TLC identification method for loganic acid in decoction pieces, standard decoction and formula granules of T. glandulifera were established, and the quantity value transfer relationship of T. glandulifera pieces-standard decoction-formula granules was investigated.[Methods] An Agilent 1260 II high performance liquid chromatograph and a Waters Symmetry C 18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) were used to perform gradient elution with acetonitrile-0.1%phosphoric acid solution as the mobile phase at a column temperature of 30 ℃ and a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and the detection wavelength was 240 nm. The TLC identification method of T. glandulifera was established using ethyl acetate-methanol-water (10 : 2 : 1) as the developer, and examination was carried out under a UV lamp (254 nm). The quantity value transfer law was analyzed by using the extract yield, the content of loganic acid and TLC chromatograms as the main evaluation indexes.[Results] The method for the determination and identification of loganic acid is stable, reproducible and reliable. The average yield, average loganic acid content and average loganic acid content transfer rate of 3 batches of T. glandulifera formula granules were, respectively, 18.7%, 41.1 mg/g and 43.1%, each of which was within corresponding range of mean±3SD of the 15 batches of standard decoction.[Conclusions] The content determination and TLC identification methods of loganic acid can be used to evaluate the quality of T. glandulifera formula granules. This study provides data basis for further research on T. glandulifera formula granules, and promotes the modernization of medicines for ethnic minorities.展开更多
提议贡山三尖杉的新名称Cephalotaxus talonensis Cheng et Feng ex S.G.Lu et X.D.Lang替代不合法的旧名称Cephalotaxus lanceolata K.M.Feng in Cheng et al.(晚出同名)。对比贡山三尖杉和三尖杉Cephalotaxus fortunei Hooker的模式...提议贡山三尖杉的新名称Cephalotaxus talonensis Cheng et Feng ex S.G.Lu et X.D.Lang替代不合法的旧名称Cephalotaxus lanceolata K.M.Feng in Cheng et al.(晚出同名)。对比贡山三尖杉和三尖杉Cephalotaxus fortunei Hooker的模式标本和自然生长状态下的叶片形态,支持将贡山三尖杉处理为种的等级,不赞同Silba(1990)将贡山三尖杉降为三尖杉的变种[Cephalotaxus fortunei Hooker var.lanceolata(Feng)Silba]。文中提供4幅参照图片。展开更多
文摘Hepatectomy is still the major curative treatment for patients with liver malignancies.However,it is still a big challenge to remove the tumors in the central posterior area,especially if their location involves the retrohepatic inferior vena cava and hepatic veins.Ex vivo liver resection and auto-transplantation(ELRA),a hybrid technique of the traditional liver resection and transplantation,has brought new hope to these patients and therefore becomes a valid alternative to liver transplantation.Due to its technical difficulty,ELRA is still concentrated in a few hepatobiliary centers that have experienced surgeons in both liver resection and liver transplantation.The efficacy and safety of this technique has already been demonstrated in the treatment of benign liver diseases,especially in the advanced alveolar echinococcosis.Recently,the application of ELRA for liver malignances has gained more attention.However,standardization of clinical practice norms and international consensus are still lacking.The prognostic impact in these oncologic patients also needs further evaluation.In this review,we summarized the principles and recent progresses on ELRA.
文摘This editorial contains comments on the article“Systematic sequential therapy for ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation:A case report and review of li-terature”in the recent issue of World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.It points out the actuality and importance of the article and focuses primarily on the role and place of ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation(ELRAT)and systemic therapy,underlying molecular mechanisms for targeted therapy in perihilar cho-langiocarcinoma(pCCA)management.pCCA is a tough malignancy with a high proportion of advanced disease at the time of diagnosis.The only curative option is radical surgery.Surgical excision and reconstruction become extremely com-plicated and not always could be performed even in localized disease.On the other hand,ELRAT takes its place among surgical options for carefully selected pCCA patients.In advanced disease,systemic therapy becomes a viable option to prolong survival.This editorial describes current possibilities in chemotherapy and reveals underlying mechanisms and projections in targeted therapy with ki-nase inhibitors and immunotherapy in both palliative and adjuvant settings.Fi-broblast grow factor and fibroblast grow factor receptor,human epidermal grow-th factor receptor 2,isocitrate dehydrogenase,and protein kinase cAMP activated catalytic subunit alpha(PRKACA)and beta(PRKACB)pathways have been ac-tively investigated in CCA in last years.Several agents were introduced and approved by the Food and Drug Administration.They all demonstrated mean-ingful activity in CCA patients with no global change in outcomes.That is why every successfully treated patient counts,especially those with advanced disease.In conclusion,pCCA is still hard to treat due to late diagnosis and extremely complicated surgical options.ELRAT also brings some hope,but it could be performed in very carefully selected patients.Advanced disease requires systemic anticancer treatment,which is supposed to be individualized according to the genetic and molecular features of cancer cells.Targeted therapy in combination with chemo-immunotherapy could be effective in susceptible patients.
基金supported by the Large Research Grant from the Doctoral School,funded by statutory funds from Poznan University of Medical Sciences,Poland(Grant No.:85/2023).
文摘In various industries,particularly in the chemical and pharmaceutical fields,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)spectroscopy provides a unique capacity to detect and characterise complex chemicals while minimising environmental damage by minimal waste generation and reducing the need for extensive sample preparation or use of harmful reagents.This review showcases the versatility of ex situ and in situ FTIR applications for substance identification,analysis,and dynamic monitoring.Ex situ FTIR spectroscopy’s accuracy in identifying impurities,monitoring crystallisation processes,and regulating medication release patterns improves product quality,safety,and efficacy.Furthermore,its quantification capabilities enable more effective drug development,dosage procedures,and quality control practices,all of which are consistent with green analytical principles.On the other hand,in situ FTIR spectroscopy appears to be a novel tool for the real-time investigation of molecular changes during reactions and processes,allowing for the monitoring of drug release kinetics,crystallisation dynamics,and surface contacts,as well as providing vital insights into material behaviour.The combination of ex situ FTIR precision and in situ FTIR dynamic capabilities gives a comprehensive analytical framework for developing green practices,quality control,and innovation in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries.This review presents the wide range of applications of ex situ and in situ FTIR spectroscopy in chemical,pharmaceutical and medical fields as an analytical green chemistry tool.However,further study is required to fully realise FTIR’s potential and develop new applications that improve sustainability in these areas.
基金Supported by Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Major Project(202102AA310027).
文摘[Objectives] In order to develop Triplostegia glandulifera Wall.ex DC. into foromula granules, a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination method and a TLC identification method for loganic acid in decoction pieces, standard decoction and formula granules of T. glandulifera were established, and the quantity value transfer relationship of T. glandulifera pieces-standard decoction-formula granules was investigated.[Methods] An Agilent 1260 II high performance liquid chromatograph and a Waters Symmetry C 18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) were used to perform gradient elution with acetonitrile-0.1%phosphoric acid solution as the mobile phase at a column temperature of 30 ℃ and a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and the detection wavelength was 240 nm. The TLC identification method of T. glandulifera was established using ethyl acetate-methanol-water (10 : 2 : 1) as the developer, and examination was carried out under a UV lamp (254 nm). The quantity value transfer law was analyzed by using the extract yield, the content of loganic acid and TLC chromatograms as the main evaluation indexes.[Results] The method for the determination and identification of loganic acid is stable, reproducible and reliable. The average yield, average loganic acid content and average loganic acid content transfer rate of 3 batches of T. glandulifera formula granules were, respectively, 18.7%, 41.1 mg/g and 43.1%, each of which was within corresponding range of mean±3SD of the 15 batches of standard decoction.[Conclusions] The content determination and TLC identification methods of loganic acid can be used to evaluate the quality of T. glandulifera formula granules. This study provides data basis for further research on T. glandulifera formula granules, and promotes the modernization of medicines for ethnic minorities.
基金supported by the National Forestry Public Welfare Foundation of China(Grant no.200804024)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant nos.30770164&30970186)
文摘提议贡山三尖杉的新名称Cephalotaxus talonensis Cheng et Feng ex S.G.Lu et X.D.Lang替代不合法的旧名称Cephalotaxus lanceolata K.M.Feng in Cheng et al.(晚出同名)。对比贡山三尖杉和三尖杉Cephalotaxus fortunei Hooker的模式标本和自然生长状态下的叶片形态,支持将贡山三尖杉处理为种的等级,不赞同Silba(1990)将贡山三尖杉降为三尖杉的变种[Cephalotaxus fortunei Hooker var.lanceolata(Feng)Silba]。文中提供4幅参照图片。
