In this study, the relationship between the visual information gathered from the flame images and the excess air factor 2 in coal burners is investigated. In conventional coal burners the excess air factor 2. can be o...In this study, the relationship between the visual information gathered from the flame images and the excess air factor 2 in coal burners is investigated. In conventional coal burners the excess air factor 2. can be obtained using very expensive air measurement instruments. The proposed method to predict ） for a specific time in the coal burners consists of three distinct and consecutive stages; a） online flame images acquisition using a CCD camera, b） extrac- tion meaningful information （flame intensity and bright- ness）from flame images, and c） learning these information （image features） with ANNs and estimate 2. Six different feature extraction methods have been used： CDF of Blue Channel, Co-Occurrence Matrix, L-Frobenius Norms, Radiant Energy Signal （RES）, PCA and Wavelet. When compared prediction results, it has seen that the use of co- occurrence matrix with ANNs has the best performance （RMSE = 0.07） in terms of accuracy. The results show that the proposed predicting system using flame images can be preferred instead of using expensive devices to measure excess air factor in during combustion.展开更多
Silicon photomultipliers （SiPMs） are a new generation of semiconductor-based photon counting devices with the merits of low weight, low power consumption and low voltage operation, promising to meet the needs of spa...Silicon photomultipliers （SiPMs） are a new generation of semiconductor-based photon counting devices with the merits of low weight, low power consumption and low voltage operation, promising to meet the needs of space particle physics experiments. In this paper, comparative studies of SiPMs and traditional vacuum photomultiplier tubes （PMTs） have been performed regarding the basic properties of dark currents, dark counts and excess noise factors. The intrinsic optical erosstalk effect of SiPMs was evaluated.展开更多
This paper presents a circuit model for thin avalanche photodiodes （APDs）. In this model, the nonuniformity of the electric filed in the multiplication region is modeled using a stepwise method. The model also tries...This paper presents a circuit model for thin avalanche photodiodes （APDs）. In this model, the nonuniformity of the electric filed in the multiplication region is modeled using a stepwise method. The model also tries to take the effects of carrier＇s position dependent properties, like carder＇s dead length and the history of carder＇s previous ionization into account by developing an effective electric field in the multiplication region. The output photocurrent and multiplication gain obtained from the proposed model for different lengths of the multi- plication region achieve a good agreement in comparison with available experimental data. In addition, calculated excess noise factor reveals the model ability for noise and sensitivity analysis.展开更多
基金supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey(TUBITAK,Project number:114M116)and MIMSAN AS
文摘In this study, the relationship between the visual information gathered from the flame images and the excess air factor 2 in coal burners is investigated. In conventional coal burners the excess air factor 2. can be obtained using very expensive air measurement instruments. The proposed method to predict ） for a specific time in the coal burners consists of three distinct and consecutive stages; a） online flame images acquisition using a CCD camera, b） extrac- tion meaningful information （flame intensity and bright- ness）from flame images, and c） learning these information （image features） with ANNs and estimate 2. Six different feature extraction methods have been used： CDF of Blue Channel, Co-Occurrence Matrix, L-Frobenius Norms, Radiant Energy Signal （RES）, PCA and Wavelet. When compared prediction results, it has seen that the use of co- occurrence matrix with ANNs has the best performance （RMSE = 0.07） in terms of accuracy. The results show that the proposed predicting system using flame images can be preferred instead of using expensive devices to measure excess air factor in during combustion.
基金Supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2007AA12Z133)
文摘Silicon photomultipliers （SiPMs） are a new generation of semiconductor-based photon counting devices with the merits of low weight, low power consumption and low voltage operation, promising to meet the needs of space particle physics experiments. In this paper, comparative studies of SiPMs and traditional vacuum photomultiplier tubes （PMTs） have been performed regarding the basic properties of dark currents, dark counts and excess noise factors. The intrinsic optical erosstalk effect of SiPMs was evaluated.
文摘This paper presents a circuit model for thin avalanche photodiodes （APDs）. In this model, the nonuniformity of the electric filed in the multiplication region is modeled using a stepwise method. The model also tries to take the effects of carrier＇s position dependent properties, like carder＇s dead length and the history of carder＇s previous ionization into account by developing an effective electric field in the multiplication region. The output photocurrent and multiplication gain obtained from the proposed model for different lengths of the multi- plication region achieve a good agreement in comparison with available experimental data. In addition, calculated excess noise factor reveals the model ability for noise and sensitivity analysis.
