How Can We Make Disaster Management Evaluations More Useful?An Empirical Study of Dutch Exercise Evaluations

The evaluation of simulated disasters(for example,exercises)and real responses are important activities.However,little attention has been paid to how reports documenting such events should be written.A key issue is how to make them as useful as possible to professionals working in disaster risk management.Here,we focus on three aspects of a written evaluation:how the object of the evaluation is described,how the analysis is described,and how the conclusions are described.This empirical experiment,based on real evaluation documents,asked 84 Dutch mayors and crisis management professionals to evaluate the perceived usefulness of the three aspects noted above.The results showed that how evalua・tions are written does matter.Specifically,the usefulness of an evaluation intended for learning purposes is improved when its analysis and conclusions are clearer.In contrast,evaluations used for accountability purposes are only improved by the clarity of the con elusion.These findings have implications for the way disaster management evaluations should be documented.

AHP-FCE Based Physical Exercise Risk Evaluation Model

Exercise is a highly proven and beneficial health promotion modality, But it is very difficult to determine whether the person during exercise is safe. A unique and comprehensive approach is proposed to perform physical exercise risk evaluation （PERE）, in which personalized factors are deterrrdned basing on grey correlation analysis, analytic hierarchy process （AHP） method is used to structure the large numbers of risk factors, and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation （FCE） is applied to fuzzify the factors and compute the exercise risk level. Finally, an actual calculation example is used to verify the feasibility of the method.