Fuzzy-Model-Based Finite Frequency Fault Detection Filtering Design for Two-Dimensional Nonlinear Systems

This article studies the fault detection filtering design problem for Roesser type two-dimensional(2-D)nonlinear systems described by uncertain 2-D Takagi-Sugeno(T-S)fuzzy models.Firstly,fuzzy Lyapunov functions are constructed and the 2-D Fourier transform is exploited,based on which a finite frequency fault detection filtering design method is proposed such that a residual signal is generated with robustness to external disturbances and sensitivity to faults.It has been shown that the utilization of available frequency spectrum information of faults and disturbances makes the proposed filtering design method more general and less conservative compared with a conventional nonfrequency based filtering design approach.Then,with the proposed evaluation function and its threshold,a novel mixed finite frequency H_(∞)/H_(-)fault detection algorithm is developed,based on which the fault can be immediately detected once the evaluation function exceeds the threshold.Finally,it is verified with simulation studies that the proposed method is effective and less conservative than conventional non-frequency and/or common Lyapunov function based filtering design methods.

Exercise-induced modulation of miR-149-5p and MMP9 in LPS-triggered diabetic myoblast ER stress: licorice glycoside E as a potential therapeutic target

Background:This study explores the relationship between endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress and diabetes,particularly focusing on the impact of physical exercise on ER stress mechanisms and identifying potential therapeutic drugs and targets for diabetes-related sepsis.The research also incorporates traditional physical therapy perspectives,emphasizing the genomic insights gained from exercise therapy in disease management and prevention.Methods:Gene analysis was conducted on the GSE168796 and GSE94717 datasets to identify ER stress-related genes.Gene interactions and immune cell correlations were mapped using GeneCard and STRING databases.A screening of 2,456 compounds from the TCMSP database was performed to identify potential therapeutic agents,with a focus on their docking potential.Techniques such as luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA interference were used to examine the interactions between microRNA-149-5p and MMP9.Results:The study identified 2,006 differentially expressed genes and 616 miRNAs.Key genes like MMP9,TNF-α,and IL1B were linked to an immunosuppressive state.Licorice glycoside E demonstrated high affinity for MMP9,suggesting its potential effectiveness in treating diabetes.The constructed miRNA network highlighted the regulatory roles of MMP9,IL1B,IFNG,and TNF-α.Experimental evidence confirmed the binding of microRNA-149-5p to MMP9,impacting apoptosis in diabetic cells.Conclusion:The findings highlight the regulatory role of microRNA-149-5p in managing MMP9,a crucial gene in diabetes pathophysiology.Licorice glycoside E emerges as a promising treatment option for diabetes,especially targeting MMP9 affected by ER stress.The study also underscores the significance of physical exercise in modulating ER stress pathways in diabetes management,bridging traditional physical therapy and modern scientific understanding.Our study has limitations.It focuses on the microRNA-149-5p-MMP9 network in sepsis,using cell-based methods without animal or clinical trials.Despite strong in vitro findings,in vivo studies are needed to confirm licorice glycoside E’s therapeutic potential and understand the microRNA-149-5p-MMP9 dynamics in real conditions.

Fabrication and properties of high performance YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ) radio frequency SQUIDs with step-edge Josephson junctions

We describe the fabrication of high performance YBa2Cu3O7-δ （YBCO） radio frequency （RF） superconducting quantum interference devices （SQUIDs）, which were prepared on 5 mm×5 mm LaAlO3 （LAO） substrates by employing stepedge junctions （SEJs） and in flip-chip configuration with 12 mm×12 mm resonators. The step in the substrate was produced by Ar ion etching with step angles ranging from 47° to 61°, which is steep enough to ensure the formation of grain boundaries （GBs） at the step edges. The YBCO film was deposited using the pulsed laser deposition （PLD） technique with a film thickness half of the height of the substrate step. The inductance of the SQUID washer was designed to be about 157 pH. Under these circumstances, high performance YBCO RF SQUIDs were successfully fabricated with a typical flux-voltage transfer ratio of 83 mV/φ0, a white flux noise of 29 μφ0/√Hz, and the magnetic field sensitivity as high as 80 fT/√Hz. These devices have been applied in magnetocardiography and geological surveys.

Enhancing Learners’Performance in Grade 7 Mathematics Through 50-30-20 Exercise

Assessment exercises constitute a crucial component of the teaching and learning process,serving the purpose of gauging the degree to which learning objectives have been accomplished.This study aims to assess the mathematics performance of Grade 7 learners using the 50-30-20 exercise.Specifically,this study seeks to determine the learners’pre-test and post-test mean scores,identify significant differences between the pre-test and post-test results,evaluate learners’exercises,and propose enhanced exercises.The research employs a quasi-experimental design,with 40 Grade 7 learners in the school year 2023-2024 as participants,selected through purposive non-random sampling.Statistical data analysis involves the use of mean,standard deviation,paired t-test,and Cohen’s D effect size.Ethical considerations were paramount,as evidenced by a letter of authorization from the school head outlining the strict adherence to voluntary participation,informed parental consent,anonymity,confidentiality,risk mitigation,results-sharing protocols,and the commitment to keeping research data confidential.The data yielded a remarkable outcome:the experimental group exhibited improvement in both the pre-test and post-test.This result substantiates the initial objective of the study,showcasing a noteworthy and favorable performance among the participants.Consequently,it suggests that a majority of the participants strongly agree that the 50-30-20 exercises contribute to enhancing their understanding and problem-solving skills,as well as their ability to grasp mathematical concepts and improve their overall performance in mathematics.Therefore,the 50-30-20 exercises not only facilitated students in understanding mathematics lessons but were also aligned with the Department of Education’s development plan.

Assessment of structural damage using natural frequency changes

The present paper develops a new method for damage localization and severity estimation based on the employment of modal strain energy. This method is able to determine the damage locations and estimate their severities, requiring only the information about the changes of a few lower natural frequencies. First, a damage quantification method is formulated and iterative approach is adopted for determining the damage extent. Then a damage localization algorithm is proposed, in which a damage indicator is formulated where unity value corresponds to the true damage scenario. Finally, numerical studies and model tests are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed algorithm.

Dynamic test methods for natural frequency of footbridge

Using environmental random vibration as the excitation,traditional accelerometer method,non-contact video method and non-contact laser method were employed to determine the natural frequency of Kunyu River footbridge.All the results of these three methods are close to 2.70 Hz,which are concordant with each other and hence credible.

Research on variable frequency and speed regulation of motor system based on PLC

This paper presents the composition, control scheme and signal processing method of frequency conversion motor speed testing system based on $7-200 PLC, and design the hardware circuit, the trapezoidal chart procedure and touch screen display program. The debugging test shows that the system is simple, practical, and related design work has laid the foundation for the future.

电针结合有氧运动对自然衰老大鼠骨骼肌IGF-I/Akt通路的作用

目的:探索低频电针结合有氧运动对增龄性骨骼肌萎缩的效应,以及IGF-I/Akt及其下游蛋白质合成相关通路信号蛋白的影响。方法:以自然衰老SD大鼠为研究对象,将6月龄雄性SD大鼠32只,体重400~450 g,饲养至大鼠12月龄,根据体重随机分为4组。对照组(YC,只抓取、固定、放回,不做其他干预),电针组(YA,电针干预),运动组(YE,运动干预),电针+运动组(YEA,电针结合运动干预),自SD大鼠12月龄开始持续干预至18月龄,实验结束时观察各组自然衰老大鼠:骨骼肌湿重/体重比;光学显微镜下比目鱼肌HE染色形态;Real-time qPCR法检测骨骼肌中IGF-I mRNA的表达水平;Western印迹法测定的大鼠腓肠肌中AKT、mTOR、p70S6K和p-p70S6K相关蛋白表达情况。结果:与YC组相比,YA组、YEA组皆明显增加18月龄大鼠腓肠肌湿重/体重比(P<0.05);YEA组能明显增加比目鱼肌湿重/体重比,高于YC组和YA组(P<0.05)。与YC组相比,各个干预组大鼠的腓肠肌IGF-I mRNA表达水平皆有上升趋势,其中YEA组IGF-I mRNA表达增加更为明显(P=0.051)。与YC组相比,电针组(YA)p-Akt,p-mTOR表达升高(P<0.05),电针+运动组(YEA)p-Akt,p-mTOR,p-p70S6K表达也显示出升高趋势(P<0.05)。结论:电针结合有氧运动可延缓18月龄自然衰老大鼠增龄性骨骼肌萎缩,其分子机制可能与通过激活IGF-I/Akt通路,促进蛋白合成有关。

Using irrigation intervals to optimize water-use efficiency and maize yield in Xinjiang,northwest China

Worldwide, scarce water resources and substantial food demands require efficient water use and high yield.This study investigated whether irrigation frequency can be used to adjust soil moisture to increase grain yield and water use efficiency(WUE) of high-yield maize under conditions of mulching and drip irrigation.A field experiment was conducted using three irrigation intervals in 2016: 6, 9, and 12 days(labeled D6, D9, and D12) and five irrigation intervals in 2017: 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 days(D3, D6, D9, D12, and D15).In Xinjiang, an optimal irrigation quota is 540 mm for high-yield maize.The D3, D6, D9, D12, and D15 irrigation intervals gave grain yields of 19.7, 19.1–21.0, 18.8–20.0, 18.2–19.2, and 17.2 Mg ha^-1 and a WUE of 2.48, 2.53–2.80, 2.47–2.63, 2.34–2.45, and 2.08 kg m-3, respectively.Treatment D6 led to the highest soil water storage, but evapotranspiration and soil-water evaporation were lower than other treatments.These results show that irrigation interval D6 can help maintain a favorable soil-moisture environment in the upper-60-cm soil layer, reduce soilwater evaporation and evapotranspiration, and produce the highest yield and WUE.In this arid region and in other regions with similar soil and climate conditions, a similar irrigation interval would thus be beneficial for adjusting soil moisture to increase maize yield and WUE under conditions of mulching and drip irrigation.

DFT Study on Molecule C_(20)H_(10): Five Carbon-carbon Single Bonds Linking Two Pentaprismane Cages

Using geometry optimization and DFT method at the B3LYP/6-31G* level for C20H10, an equilibrium geometry is identified to have the form of polyhedral hydrocarbon with five carbon-carbon single bonds linking two pentaprismane cages. Thus, C20H10 is a tri-cage molecule with three pentaprismane cages. Vibrational frequencies and infrared spectrum are computed at the same level. The heat of formation for this molecule has also been estimated in this paper.

中频脉冲电流经皮刺激运动性疲劳士兵肝区对血清GSH-PX、SOD、T-AOC活性及MDA含量的影响

目的探讨中频脉冲电流经皮刺激肝区对运动性疲劳士兵血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)以及丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响。方法选择60名无训练史的健康男性新兵,随机分为对照组和刺激组,每组30名。两组均进行为期5周的强化训练(每周一至周六训练6d,周日休息1d)以建立运动性疲劳模型,刺激组于每天训练结束后立即给予经皮肝区中频脉冲电流(频率1024Hz,间动周期1s,时间20min,输出强度≤80mA)康复治疗,两组均于第1、3、5周的周日在清晨空腹状态下采集静脉血,测定两组血清GSHPX、SOD活性,T-AOC及MDA含量。结果两组第5周末血清GSH-PX、T-AOC明显低于第3周末、第1周末,且第3周末明显低于第1周末(P<0.05,P<0.01);第3周末、第5周末血清SOD活性明显低于第1周末(P<0.01),但第5周末与第3周末比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);第5周末血清MDA含量明显高于第3周末、第1周末,且第3周明显高于第1周末(P<0.01)。与对照组比较,第1、3、5周末刺激组血清GSH-PX、SOD活性及T-AOC均明显增高,MDA含量明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论中频脉冲电流经皮刺激运动性疲劳士兵肝区可提高肝脏抗氧化酶的活性,增强机体抗氧化系统的能力,促进机体自由基消除,具有延缓运动性疲劳发生、促进疲劳恢复的作用。

Nanoscale mass sensing based on vibration of single-layered graphene sheet in thermal environments

Based on vibration analysis, single-layered graphene sheet （SLGS） with multiple attached nanoparticles is developed as nanoscale mass sensor in thermal environments. Graphene sensors are assumed to be in simplysupported configuration. Based on the nonlocal plate the- ory which incorporates size effects into the classical theory, closed-form expressions lot the frequencies and relative fre- quency shills of SLGS-based mass sensor are derived using the Galerkin method. The suggested model is justified by a good agreement between the results given by the present model and available data in literature. The effects of tem- perature difference, nonlocal parameter, the location of the nanoparticle and the number of nanoparticles on the relative frequency shift of the mass sensor are also elucidated. The obtained results show that the sensitivity of the SLGS- based mass sensor increases with increasing temperature difference.

A Dodecahedrane-like Molecule C_(12)H_(12)B_8 with Uncommon T_h Symmetry

The molecule with Th symmetry is rare.A dodecahedrane-like molecule C12H12B8 with uncommon Th symmetry has been reported here.Density functional calculations and minimization techniques have been employed to characterize its structural and electronic properties.Its geometry,electronic properties,vibrational frequencies and heat of formation have been calculated at the B3LYP/6-311＋G（d,p） level of theory.The absence of imaginary vibrational frequency confirms that it corresponds to true minimum on the potential energy hypersurface.Its vibrational bands in the IR intensity have been discussed and compared with future experimental identification.At the B3LYP/6-311＋G（d,p） level,the heat of formation has been calculated to be 720.9 kJ mol^-1 using the isodesmic reaction.According to this value,it is a potential high energy density molecule.

DFT Study on Two C_4N_(12)O_4 Isomers with Pagodane- and Isopagodane-like Structures

Geometries, energies, and vibrational frequencies for two C4N12O4 isomers with pagodane- and isopagodane-like structures have been calculated at the B3LYP/6-31G＊ level.Isomers 1 and 2 are of D2h and D2d symmetry, respectively. Heats of formation for the two C4N12O4 isomers have been estimated in this paper, indicating they would be reasonable candidates for high energy density materials.

Effects of aerobic training on serum paraoxonase activity and its relationship with PON1-192 phenotypes in women

Background：Paraoxonase 1（PON1） is an antioxidant enzyme that protects high-density lipoprotein（HDL） and low-density lipoprotein against oxidation.Limited studies have addressed the influenc of exercise on PON1 activity and its relationship with PON1 phenotypes.We investigated relationships between PON1-192 phenotypes,PON1 activity,aerobic exercise,and blood lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in middle-aged women.Methods：An exercise group（n=50） engaging in regular aerobic exercise and a control group（n=41） were selected from a subset of 300 Caucasian women that met the inclusion criteria.Serum PON1,salt-stimulated PON1（SSPON1）,and arylesterase（ARE） activities;cholesterol levels and ARE activities of total HDL and HDL subgroups（HDLs）（supernatants obtained by polyethylene glycol）;and blood lipid and lipoprotein concentrations were determined by standardized enzymatic methods.PON1-192 QQ（low activity）,QR（moderate activity）,and RR（high activity） phenotype groups were define using serum SSPON1/ARE activity ratios.The R-carries（RC） phenotype group consisted of the QR and RR groups combined.Results：All lipid and lipoprotein concentrations were greater in the exercise group than in the control group.Regardless of phenotype,no significan differences were observed between the exercise and control groups in terms of serum PON1,SSPON1,or ARE activity associated with HDLs（p〉 0.05）,whereas PON1 activities in QQ-phenotyped women in the exercise group were significant y higher than those in the control group（p〈0.01）,but not the RC group.A statistically significan interaction between PON1 phenotypes（QQ and RC groups） and exercise（exercise and control groups） on PON1 activity was found.Conclusion：These results showed that a regular aerobic exercise program can improve PON1 activity depending on PON1-192 phenotype,but not on lipid and lipoprotein levels,in middle-aged Turkish women.

Nonlinear Three-Wave Interaction among Barotropic Rossby Waves in a Large-scale Forced Barotropic Flow

In this paper. the coupling equations describing nonlinear three-wave interaction amongRossby waves including the forcing of an external vorticity source are obtained. Under certainconditions, the coupling equations with a constant amplitude forcing, the stability analysis indicates that when the amplitude of the external forcing increases to a certain extent, a pitchforkbifurcation occurs. Also. it is shown fi-o m numerical results that the bifurcation can lead to chaoticbehavior of' strange' attractor. For the obtained three-variable equation, when the amplitude ofmodulated external forcing gradually increases, a Period-doubling bifurcation is found to lead tochaotic behavior. Thus, in a nonlinear three-wave coupling model in the large-scale forcedbarotropic atmospheric flow, chaotic behavior can be observed. This chaotic behavior can explainin part 30-60-day low-flequency oscillations observed in mid-high latitudes.

Comparative Studies of 1,4-Bis[2-(4-Pyridyl)ethenyl]-benzene Using Density Functional Theory

The optimized molecular structure and harmonic vibrational frequencies of a 1,4-bis [ 2-（4-pyridyl）ethenyl]- benzene（BPENB） molecule were calculated via five popular density functional theory（DFI＇） methods. On the basis of the comparison between calculated and experimental results, it is concluded that the B3PW91 and B3LYP methods are superior to the others in optimizing structures, and the BPW91 method reproduces the observed fundamental fre-quencies most satisfactorily.

基于G-senor和步频的运动强度分析系统设计

目前运动强度大多数都是以心率为评级标准,对于普通运动爱好者来说操作复杂、设备成本高。针对上述问题,该文设计一种基于Android内置G-senor和步频的运动强度分析系统,系统采用步频作为运动强度评级标准,而步频可以根据采集到的G-senor三轴加速度通过计步算法得到。该系统具有操作简单、成本低等特点,可以让普通运动爱好者能够直接通过手机App实时查看自己的运动强度,指导科学健身。

大学新生负性生活事件和神经质及运动频次与抑郁症状的关系

目的:分析大学新生负性生活事件与抑郁症状的关系,以及神经质的中介效应与运动频次的调节作用。方法:抽取8079名大学新生,采用患者健康问卷评估抑郁症状,艾森克人格问卷-神经质分量表评估神经质,自编问卷评估经历过的负性生活事件数量、运动频次。采用Process插件中的模型4检验神经质的中介效应,模型7检验运动频次的调节作用。结果:负性生活事件数量与抑郁症状得分呈正相关(r=0.16,P<0.01),与神经质得分呈正相关(r=0.26,P<0.01)。神经质得分与抑郁症状得分呈正相关(r=0.52,P<0.01)。神经质得分在负性生活事件数量与抑郁症状得分间起部分中介作用,中介效应占比为78.4%,运动频次得分在负性生活事件数量和神经质得分之间起调节作用(β=-0.05,P<0.05)。结论:负性生活事件与抑郁症状相关,神经质具有中介作用,运动频次可调节负性生活事件和神经质。

学校体育改善负性情绪的剂量特征:锻炼频率与时长维度

为了明确青少年在学校体育情境下改善负性情绪的锻炼剂量特征,探索从学校体育角度解决青少年心理行为问题的规律,本研究利用中国教育追踪调查(CEPS)2014—2015年的追访数据,采用多元回归、U检验和非线性关系的调节效应分析法,对8984名初中生进行实证分析。结果显示,每周锻炼频率与负性情绪并非U型关系,而是呈单调下降趋势,即1周内锻炼次数越多越好;锻炼时长与负性情绪呈U型关系,即负性情绪随着锻炼时长的增加先减少后增加,最优时长为40~60 min;学习压力在调节锻炼时长与负性情绪之间的U型关系中起到削弱和平缓的作用。综合效应方面,每周锻炼3次、每次持续50~60 min,或者每周锻炼6次、每次持续50~120 min,都能够获得改善负性情绪的良好效果。为了促进青少年心理健康,学校体育应保证学生每天有大约1 h的锻炼时间,并引导学生合理安排学习与锻炼时间,以防范过长锻炼时间在高学习压力下导致负性情绪增加的风险。