The audit expectation gap is critical to the auditing profession because the greater the unfulfilled expectations from the public, the lower is the credibility, earning potential and prestige associated with the work...The audit expectation gap is critical to the auditing profession because the greater the unfulfilled expectations from the public, the lower is the credibility, earning potential and prestige associated with the work of auditors. The aim of this paper is to uncover the causes of an audit expectation gap. It is revealed that the existence of an audit expectation gap is due to complicated nature of an audit function; conflicting role of auditors; retrospective evaluation of auditors＇ performance; time lag in responding to changing expectation; and self-regulation process of the auditing profession.展开更多
From the very beginning, auditing is pretty much a self-regulated follow in practice. But the plethora of recent corporate failures profession and has some ethical rules of thumb to and scandals where auditors＇ instr...From the very beginning, auditing is pretty much a self-regulated follow in practice. But the plethora of recent corporate failures profession and has some ethical rules of thumb to and scandals where auditors＇ instrumental role is evident in many instances raise question about the validity and suitability of ＂self-regulation＂ in auditing, especially in the 21st century where auditors need to perform auditing in ever complex risk management process. Moreover, to restore the market confidences within the auditing profession and to raise the overall audit quality, many countries are establishing some super regulatory bodies to oversee the functions of auditing and auditors. Based on the ＂documentary research methodology＂, the author examines whether ＂self-regulation＂ in auditing has completely failed in the 21 st century. The author reveals that ＂self-regulation＂ in auditing has not completely failed; rather, a joint approach is needed to raise the overall quality of auditing where there will be equilibrium between ＂self-regulation＂ and statutory directive.展开更多
This paper aims to analyze the development of auditing. It is found that auditing has evolved through a number of stages. In the mid 1800s to early 1900s, the audit practice was considered as ＂traditional conformance...This paper aims to analyze the development of auditing. It is found that auditing has evolved through a number of stages. In the mid 1800s to early 1900s, the audit practice was considered as ＂traditional conformance role of auditing＂. However, for the past 30 years, the auditor has been playing an ＂enhancing role＂. Today, auditors are expected not only to enhance the credibility of the financial statement, but also to provide value-added services. Nevertheless, following extensive reform in various countries as a result of the collapse of big corporations, it is expected that the role of auditors will converge. It is evident that the paradigm about auditing has shifted over the years and it is likely to continue shifting in the future.展开更多
In the past 30 years,the life expectancy in China continues to rise yet at a slower pace because of,in large part,the heavy burden of chronic diseases on older age groups.Based on data obtained from the United Nations...In the past 30 years,the life expectancy in China continues to rise yet at a slower pace because of,in large part,the heavy burden of chronic diseases on older age groups.Based on data obtained from the United Nations World Population Prospects 2019 and the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019,this study applies Arriaga’s decomposition method to decompose the age/cause-specific contributions to life expectancy gap between China and South Korea during 1990-2019,which could provide understanding on mortality patterns and heavy burden by chronic disease resulting from an aging society.The study has found that the life expectancy gap between these two countries for females has remained constant,while that of males has been increasing during the same period.Another finding is that non-communicable diseases,like cardiovascular diseases among the elderly(aged 60+),explain a large and enlarging part of the life expectancy gap between China and South Korea,especially among males.In addition,maternal and neonatal disorders among children(age group 1-4ys)contribute less and less to life expectancy gap.Those observations suggest a convergence of mortality pattern among younger age groups as well as the continued existence of substantial gaps among older age groups.Additionally,given the precedent of South Korea,China should also take suicide as another issue with greater attention in the future.Finally,this study concludes by suggesting targeted public health policies to reduce mortality in certain age groups and save more lives from certain diseases.展开更多
Proposed reforms to U.K.audit are reviewed from a fraud detection and prevention perspective.A holistic four-actor model that encompasses:the directors,auditor,shareholders,and the regulator,is used to frame the discu...Proposed reforms to U.K.audit are reviewed from a fraud detection and prevention perspective.A holistic four-actor model that encompasses:the directors,auditor,shareholders,and the regulator,is used to frame the discussion.Focus is drawn to the mediating role of the Audit and Assurance Policy.The paper argues that the proposed reforms have some potential to reduce the audit expectations gap.However,the problem of agency costs and the advisory nature of shareholder voting on the Audit and Assurance Policy significantly limit the possible effectiveness of the reforms from a fraud detection and prevention perspective.Suggestions for future research are made.展开更多
文摘The audit expectation gap is critical to the auditing profession because the greater the unfulfilled expectations from the public, the lower is the credibility, earning potential and prestige associated with the work of auditors. The aim of this paper is to uncover the causes of an audit expectation gap. It is revealed that the existence of an audit expectation gap is due to complicated nature of an audit function; conflicting role of auditors; retrospective evaluation of auditors＇ performance; time lag in responding to changing expectation; and self-regulation process of the auditing profession.
文摘From the very beginning, auditing is pretty much a self-regulated follow in practice. But the plethora of recent corporate failures profession and has some ethical rules of thumb to and scandals where auditors＇ instrumental role is evident in many instances raise question about the validity and suitability of ＂self-regulation＂ in auditing, especially in the 21st century where auditors need to perform auditing in ever complex risk management process. Moreover, to restore the market confidences within the auditing profession and to raise the overall audit quality, many countries are establishing some super regulatory bodies to oversee the functions of auditing and auditors. Based on the ＂documentary research methodology＂, the author examines whether ＂self-regulation＂ in auditing has completely failed in the 21 st century. The author reveals that ＂self-regulation＂ in auditing has not completely failed; rather, a joint approach is needed to raise the overall quality of auditing where there will be equilibrium between ＂self-regulation＂ and statutory directive.
文摘This paper aims to analyze the development of auditing. It is found that auditing has evolved through a number of stages. In the mid 1800s to early 1900s, the audit practice was considered as ＂traditional conformance role of auditing＂. However, for the past 30 years, the auditor has been playing an ＂enhancing role＂. Today, auditors are expected not only to enhance the credibility of the financial statement, but also to provide value-added services. Nevertheless, following extensive reform in various countries as a result of the collapse of big corporations, it is expected that the role of auditors will converge. It is evident that the paradigm about auditing has shifted over the years and it is likely to continue shifting in the future.
文摘In the past 30 years,the life expectancy in China continues to rise yet at a slower pace because of,in large part,the heavy burden of chronic diseases on older age groups.Based on data obtained from the United Nations World Population Prospects 2019 and the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019,this study applies Arriaga’s decomposition method to decompose the age/cause-specific contributions to life expectancy gap between China and South Korea during 1990-2019,which could provide understanding on mortality patterns and heavy burden by chronic disease resulting from an aging society.The study has found that the life expectancy gap between these two countries for females has remained constant,while that of males has been increasing during the same period.Another finding is that non-communicable diseases,like cardiovascular diseases among the elderly(aged 60+),explain a large and enlarging part of the life expectancy gap between China and South Korea,especially among males.In addition,maternal and neonatal disorders among children(age group 1-4ys)contribute less and less to life expectancy gap.Those observations suggest a convergence of mortality pattern among younger age groups as well as the continued existence of substantial gaps among older age groups.Additionally,given the precedent of South Korea,China should also take suicide as another issue with greater attention in the future.Finally,this study concludes by suggesting targeted public health policies to reduce mortality in certain age groups and save more lives from certain diseases.
文摘Proposed reforms to U.K.audit are reviewed from a fraud detection and prevention perspective.A holistic four-actor model that encompasses:the directors,auditor,shareholders,and the regulator,is used to frame the discussion.Focus is drawn to the mediating role of the Audit and Assurance Policy.The paper argues that the proposed reforms have some potential to reduce the audit expectations gap.However,the problem of agency costs and the advisory nature of shareholder voting on the Audit and Assurance Policy significantly limit the possible effectiveness of the reforms from a fraud detection and prevention perspective.Suggestions for future research are made.
