Statistical physics of human beings in games:Controlled experiments

It is important to know whether the laws or phenomena in statistical physics for natural systems with non-adaptive agents still hold for social human systems with adaptive agents, because this implies whether it is possible to study or understand social human systems by using statistical physics originating from natural systems. For this purpose, we review the role of human adaptability in four kinds of specific human behaviors, namely, normal behavior, herd behavior, contrarian behavior, and hedge behavior. The approach is based on controlled experiments in the framework of market-directed resource-allocation games. The role of the controlled experiments could be at least two-fold： adopting the real human decision-making process so that the system under consideration could reflect the performance of genuine human beings; making it possible to obtain macroscopic physical properties of a human system by tuning a particular factor of the system, thus directly revealing cause and effect. As a result, both computer simulations and theoretical analyses help to show a few counterparts of some laws or phenomena in statistical physics for social human systems： two-phase phenomena or phase transitions, entropy-related phenomena, and a non-equilibrium steady state. This review highlights the role of human adaptability in these counterparts, and makes it possible to study or understand some particular social human systems by means of statistical physics coming from natural systems.

Experimental Study on Characteristics of NiMnGa Magnetically Controlled Shape Memory Alloy

The static and dynamic magnetic controlling characteristics of NiMnGa magnetically controlled shape memory alloy （MSMA） were experimentally studied. The results show that the characteristics of induced strain with respect to the magnetic field are nonlinear with saturation nature, and dependent on the temperature as well as the load applied to the MSMA. The magnetic shape memory effect can be observed only in complete martensite phase at room temperature. The magnetic permeability of MSMA is not constant and reduces with the increment of magnetic field. The relative saturation magnetic permeability of MSMA is about 1.5.

Experimental study of the movement of control fluid in compound perforation

The interaction between the high pressure gas and the control fluid and the movement mechanism of the control fluid in compound perforation were studied by a series of large-scale experiments, where the movement behavior of the control fluid was observed. The curves of measured pressure were analyzed, a mathematical model for the rigid movement of the control fluid was established, and the movement velocity of control fluid was analyzed. Moreover, the velocity from experimental results and velocity from an analytical solution were contrasted. The movement of the control fluid in the initial stage was similar to the rigid movement; however, the propagation of the pressure wave in the control fluid should be taken into account. Experimental results are significant for research on the movement mechanism of control fluid in compound perforation.

The Experimental Research of the Control System of Flexible Hose Instability

The experimental control system of the superelastic hose instability is based on S7-200PLC as controller. The superelastic hoses are sealed at their both ends. The breakdown condition of that is taken as the object of study under different combined and working conditions. The upper computer of the experimental bench adopts MCGS configuration software. The test of experiment can meet the control and real-time monitoring of experimental platform conditions. In the experiment,we measure and monitor the data of temperature,tensile force,pressure and so on by the analog modules. During the process of experiment,the actuators like the solenoid valve and the motor are controlled by the switch. The paper describes that the constitution of experimental control system of the superelastic hose instability, control function and the achievement of monitoring condition. It is convenient to operate in the control system,the design cost is low,the man-machine interface is simple and understandable,and the experimental control system will be significant in bio-engineering and medical research.

Experimental Study of Monitoring and Controlling of Composite Cure Process in Autoclave Featured with Fiber Optic Sensor

With the aid of the latest fiber optic sensing technology parameters in the cure process of ther- mosetting resin-matrix composite, such as temperature, viscosity,void and residual stress, can be monitored entirely and efficiently.In this paper, experiment results of viscosity measurement in composite cure process in autoclave using fiber optic sensors are presented. Based on the sensed information, a computer program is utilized to control the cure process. With this technology, the cure process becomes more apparent and controllable, which will greatly improve the cured products and reduce the cost.

基于Matlab/Simulink的转速控制系统设计与应用

风力发电机组由于受到风切变的影响会产生各种冲击,造成行星齿轮的破损和风电设备的各种故障。针对不同转速下风力发电机行星齿轮故障信号及振动运行情况开展实验教学与研究,利用实验室现有风电齿轮箱试验台,基于Matlab/Simulink设计、开发一套转速控制模块。通过该模块可有效控制及模拟风电发电机组的启、停及波动情况下运行状态;利用采集到不同运行状态下行星齿轮断齿运行情况,通过后续数据分析对比验证了设备的可靠性,为今后开展行星齿轮各种运行状态下的实验教学及科研提供了实验平台。

冲击式水轮机泥沙磨损试验测试系统研发

冲击式水轮机在多沙河流上运行时会面临十分严重的泥沙磨损问题。针对目前国内缺乏冲击式水轮机泥沙磨损研究试验系统的情况,研发了一套冲击式水轮机泥沙磨损试验测试系统。该系统由管路及供水系统、沙水池及泥沙搅拌系统、水轮机试验机组、数据采集与测控系统等部分组成,可支持最高水头800 m、最大流量300 m^(3)/h和最高水轮机转速2500 r/min的冲击式水轮机泥沙磨损和性能试验,采用可编程控制器(PLC)和LabVIEW软件可实现供水泵启停、水轮机转速调节和管路阀门自动控制,同时能实时监测水轮机转速、水头、流量等关键参数。经过试验显示该泥沙磨损试验测试系统具有精度高(达0.3%)、自动化水平高、运行稳定、操作简单以及人机界面友好等特点。

变构型微创手术机器人系统设计与实现

高性能微创手术机器人有利于实施复杂危难手术,推动微创外科实现高质量发展.在深入分析现有手术机器人特点和临床需求的基础上,提出了一种变构型微创手术机器人系统.基于刚柔混合结构设计了构型可变的手术操作臂,通过构型变换可实现工作空间的变换,从而提高操作臂的灵活性.手术操作臂采用丝传动结构,针对变曲率丝鞘传动下的张力和弹性伸长量等问题进行了分析,确定了开合关节的丝鞘传动特性.基于刚体和柔性关节运动学,分析了手术操作臂在不同构型下的工作空间,通过调整伸缩关节移动量,实现操作臂工作空间可变功能.此外,设计了与操作臂适配的主手操作臂,该主手配置有两个主从调节关节,以保证主手与从手腕点姿态的一致性.随后,解析了主手与从手关节量之间的映射关系,并建立了基于位姿分离的主从运动映射算法,从而确保了操作舒适性与精准性.最后,研制了物理样机,进行了大工作空间下的刚性测试实验、运动性能、主从运动性能与缝合操作性能评价实验,全面验证了所提出的手术机器人系统的可行性.

Seismic response control of a complex structure using multiple MR dampers: experimental investigation

This paper presents an experimental investigation on semi-active seismic response control of a multi- story building with a podium structure using multiple magnetorheological (MR) dampers manipulated by a logic control algorithm.The experiments are performed in three phases on a seismic simulator with a slender 12-story building model representing a multi-story building and a relatively stiff 3-story building model typifying a podium structure.The first phase of the investigation is to assess control performance of using three MR dampers to link the 3-story building to the 12-story building,in which seismic responses of the controlled two buildings are compared with those of the two buildings without any connection and with rigid connection.The second phase is to investigate reliability of the semi-active control system and robustness of the logic control algorithm when 2 out of 3 MR dampers fail and when the electricity supply to MR dampers is completely stopped.The last phase is to examine sensitivity of semi-active control performance of two buildings to change in ground excitation.The experimental results show that multiple MR dampers with the logic control algorithm can achieve a significant reduction in seismic responses of both buildings.The proposed semi-active control system is of high reliability and good robustness.

HIIT研究中的情感反应测量结果不一致的原因探析

目的:探讨高强度间歇训练(HIIT)中情感反应研究结果不一致的原因。方法:以目前对高强度间歇训练(HIIT)的情感反应(愉悦与享受)结果为研究对象,使用文献综述的方法,归纳总结研究结果不一致的原因。结果:研究参与者的选择(样本范围、样本状态、样本差异、样本计算、样本流失)和测量工具的相关问题(测量工的选择、测量人员的偏差和测量环境)是影响HIIT对情感反应(愉悦和享受)研究结果不一致的主要原因。结论:应在实验过程中从方方面面加强对实验条件的控制,以提高对实验结果解释的严谨性。

Experimental study on surface arc plasma actuation-based hypersonic boundary layer transition flow control

Effective control of hypersonic transition is essential.In order to avoid affecting the structural proflle of the aircraft,as well as reducing power consumption and electromagnetic interference,a low-frequency surface arc plasma disturbance experiment to promote hypersonic transition was carried out in theΦ0.25 m double-throat Ludwieg tube wind tunnel at Huazhong University of Science and Technology.Contacting printed circuit board sensors and non-contact focused laser differential interferometry testing technology were used in combination.Experimental results showed that the low-frequency surface arc plasma actuation had obvious stimulation effects on the second-mode unstable wave and could promote boundary layer transition by changing the spectral characteristics of the second-mode unstable wave.At the same time,the plasma actuation could promote energy exchange between the second-mode unstable wave and other unstable waves.Finally,the corresponding control mechanism is discussed.

基于OBE理念的林业“自动控制原理”实践教学改革探索

基于OBE理念,从林业领域对新工科工程技术人员的具体特色需求出发,遵从“电类”专业实践教学培养方案及毕业要求,以“自动控制原理”实验课程为例,以问题为抓手,以成果为导向,探索基于OBE理念的“自动控制原理”实践教学目标,改革实践教学内容及教学方法,建立合理的考核评价体系,通过科研反哺教学,建立基于林业科研项目的案例库,并应用于“自动控制原理”实践教学,促使专业承担起人才培养的任务和基础,为林业生态发展提供高素质的“电类”工程技术人员。

电液位置伺服控制系统设计与实验验证

针对电液位置伺服系统存在外部不确定性扰动和非线性等问题,采用基于敏感度分析(SA)和粒子群优化(PSO)的径向基函数(SAPSO-RBF)神经网络设计电液位置伺服控制系统。利用SAPSO-RBF神经网络估计伺服系统模型中的未知参数并设计伺服系统滑模控制器,同时搭建双出杆对称液压缸电液位置伺服控制系统实验装置。SAPSO-RBF神经网络滑模控制方法与传统滑模控制方法对比实验结果表明,SAPSO-RBF神经网络滑模控制方法具有更高的跟踪精度、更强的鲁棒性,并且系统抖振得到了有效抑制。

基于VRX的无人水面船智能控制虚拟仿真实验平台设计

船舶智能控制课程实践环节通常需要高投入且具有较高风险,虚拟仿真技术可以为学生提供了一个低成本、无风险的学习环境。该研究设计了一套基于VRX的无人水面船智能控制虚拟仿真实验平台,构建了无人水面船模型的基本结构并确定控制算法与无人船的通信方案;针对所使用的无人船建立其运动学模型和动力学模型,并根据实验结果对模型进行修正;设计了基于反步法的轨迹跟踪控制器,对算法的轨迹跟踪效果进行系统测试。通过三维虚拟场景展示了无人船跟踪航行过程,运行效果表明该虚拟仿真实验平台为学生提供了一个安全便捷的实践应用平台,有助于激发学生的学习兴趣。

烟标二维码等级影响因素及其质量控制研究

目的解决烟草包装上二维码质量控制的问题,为二维码的质量控制提供技术支持。方法设计正交实验,利用方差分析法确定影响二维码质量等级的关键生产参数,并使用多元线性回归算法建模二维码质量。结果发现在生产中二维码的符号反差、固有图形污损、调制比的评级最不稳定,是质量控制的关键;不同基底表面能对墨滴扩散产生影响,建立了调制比和固有图形污损的质量预测模型。结论强调评级参数及其影响因素对质量控制的重要性,利用建模算法实现二维码质量控制,并指出质量预测模型对支持二维码的质量控制具有重要意义。

基于气动控制的蜡模成型实验装置设计与应用

针对手动式蜡模成型实验装置操作耗费人力且锁紧效率低,不便于操作的问题,设计了气动控制的蜡模成型实验装置,以气压为动力源,增设模具快速拆装和锁模机构,实现了气压自动压注的效果。实验表明:设计的气动蜡模成型实验装置成型的蜡模效果好,模具拆装和锁模效率比手动驱动方式提高了近3倍;将该装置应用在实验教学中,提高了学生实验参与度,实验反馈效果好。

“水污染控制工程”实验教学中学生创新和实践能力的培养与提升

“水污染控制工程”实验是兰州大学环境科学本科专业开设的一门实践课程。通过学习“水污染控制工程”,使学生加深对水污染控制工程基础理论和各种废水处理技术的掌握,了解相应实验设备的操作,实验数据的处理和分析,污水处理构筑物的设计、运行和管理,污水处理方法的比选以及工艺流程的构建等,旨在通过实验培养学生运用基础理论知识和各种处理技术解决实际水污染问题的能力。为培养和提高具有创新意识和实践能力的实用与技术型专业人才,在教学内容、方法、手段、考核环节等方面进行了一系列探索和革新,在取得良好教学效果的同时,学生的综合能力得到大幅提升。

基于电机的“自动控制原理”实验教学

针对ACCT-Ⅲ实验箱开展“自动控制原理”实验教学缺乏具体的被控对象的问题,设计以电机为被控对象的实验教学,内容包括建立电机电流和速度数学模型,设计电流、速度闭环PID控制系统,控制系统Matlab仿真,实际伺服电机平台实验等。该实验教学从实物建模、模型仿真、控制器设计到控制系统仿真与实物验证,以项目设计理念为指导,让学生更好地理论与实际相结合,达到知识的内化,提高了教学质量。

基于教学用气动控制微型自动蜡模成型机设计

针对现有蜡模成型机体积大、维护成本高,不适用实践教学等问题,设计了基于气动控制的微型自动蜡模成型机,该装置使用压缩空气作为动力源。设计结果表明:装置采用气动增压式驱动方案,空间利用率高,整体尺寸小、质量轻;采用注射机构、合模机构等模块式设计,既有利于学生快速掌握成型工艺,又便于学生理解典型工程产品设计思路,实验装置的应用可增加实验项目间关联性,提高学生实践参与度,提升学生工程实践能力。