A method for extracting the preseismic gravity anomalies over the Tibetan Plateau based on the maximum shear strain using GRACE data

The occurrence of earthquakes is closely related to the crustal geotectonic movement and the migration of mass,which consequently cause changes in gravity.The Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment(GRACE)satellite data can be used to detect gravity changes associated with large earthquakes.However,previous GRACE satellite-based seismic gravity-change studies have focused more on coseismic gravity changes than on preseismic gravity changes.Moreover,the noise of the north–south stripe in GRACE data is difficult to eliminate,thereby resulting in the loss of some gravity information related to tectonic activities.To explore the preseismic gravity anomalies in a more refined way,we first propose a method of characterizing gravity variation based on the maximum shear strain of gravity,inspired by the concept of crustal strain.The offset index method is then adopted to describe the gravity anomalies,and the spatial and temporal characteristics of gravity anomalies before earthquakes are analyzed at the scales of the fault zone and plate,respectively.In this work,experiments are carried out on the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas,and the following findings are obtained:First,from the observation scale of the fault zone,we detect the occurrence of large-area gravity anomalies near the epicenter,oftentimes about half a year before an earthquake,and these anomalies were distributed along the fault zone.Second,from the observation scale of the plate,we find that when an earthquake occurred on the Tibetan Plateau,a large number of gravity anomalies also occurred at the boundary of the Tibetan Plateau and the Indian Plate.Moreover,the aforementioned experiments confirm that the proposed method can successfully capture the preseismic gravity anomalies of large earthquakes with a magnitude of less than 8,which suggests a new idea for the application of gravity satellite data to earthquake research.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE DIFFERENT DISTRIBUTEDPHASE-RANDOMIZED ON THE EXPERIMENTAL DATA OBTAINEd IN DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

In this paper the influence of the differently distributed phase-randontized to the data obtained in dynamic analysis for critical value is studied.The calculation results validate that the sufficient phase-randomized of the different distributed random numbers are less influential on the critical value . This offers the theoretical foundation of the feasibility and practicality of the phase-randomized method.

Finite Element Simulation of Flexible Roll Forming with Supplemented Material Data and the Experimental Verification

Flexible roll forming is a promising manufacturing method for the production of variable cross section products. Considering the large plastic strain in this forming process which is much larger than that of uniform deformation phase of uniaxial tensile test, the widely adopted method of simulating the forming processes with non-supplemented material data from uniaxial tensile test will certainly lead to large error. To reduce this error, the material data is supplemented based on three constitutive models. Then a finite element model of a six passes flexible roll forming process is established based on the supplemented material data and the original material data from the uniaxial tensile test. The flexible roll forming experiment of a B pillar reinforcing plate is carried out to verify the proposed method. Final cross section shapes of the experimental and the simulated results are compared. It is shown that the simulation calculated with supplemented material data based on Swift model agrees well with the experimental results, while the simulation based on original material data could not predict the actual deformation accurately. The results indicate that this material supplement method is reliable and indispensible, and the simulation model can well reflect the real metal forming process. Detailed analysis of the distribution and history of plastic strain at different positions are performed. A new material data supplement method is proposed to tackle the problem which is ignored in other roll forming simulations, and thus the forming process simulation accuracy can be greatly improved.

Design of Experimental Data Publishing Software for Neutral Beam Injector on EAST

Neutral Beam Injection （NBI） is one of the most effective means for plasma heating. Experimental Data Publishing Software （EDPS） is developed to publish experimental data to get the NBI system under remote monitoring. In this paper, the architecture and implementation of EDPS including the design of the communication module and web page display module are presented. EDPS is developed based on the Browser/Server （B/S） model, and works under the Linux operating system. Using the data source and communication mechanism of the NBI Control System （NBICS）, EDPS publishes experimental data on the Internet.

RECONSTRUCTION OF PART OF AN ACTUAL BLAST-WAVE FLOW FIELD TO AGREE WITH EXPERIMENTAL DATA BY USING NUMERICAL METHOD WITH HIGH IDENTIFICATION

In this paper, on the basis of experimental data of two kinds of chemical explosions, the piston-pushing model of spherical blast-waves and the second-order Godunov-type scheme of finite difference methods with high identification to discontinuity are used to the numerical reconstruction of part of an actual hemispherical blast-wave flow field by properly adjusting the moving bounary conditions of a piston. This method is simple and reliable. It is suitable to the evaluation of effects of the blast-wave flow field away from the explosion center.

Research on the Application of Intelligence Teaching Mode of Superstar Platform in the Teaching of Experimental Design and Data Processing

Experimental Design and Data Processing is an important core professional basic course for food science majors.This course is theoretical and practical,and there are many formulas,abstract contents and difficult to understand,and there are some problems in the teaching process,such as students1 poor interest in learning,insufficient mastery of what they have learned,and inability to combine theory with practice organically.Through analyzing the existing problems,this paper puts forward some reform measures for the teaching mode of experimental design and data processing by using the intelligent teaching of Superstar platform.

基于数智技术的新商科实验数据资产管理体系探索与实践

党的二十大首次提出“推进教育数字化”,并明确了教育数字化未来发展的行动纲领。推进高校实验教学数字化体系规划设计,将实验数据资产作为重要生产要素纳入新商科数据资产管理应用建设体系,是落实党的二十大精神、打造数字教育生态的重要举措。管理与经济实验教学中心联合数字经济与政策智能工业和信息化部重点实验室,积极探索基于数智技术的实验数据资产生态体系,围绕实验数据从数据发现、价值开发、价值实现、协同共享等4个环节开展新商科实验数据资产建设,推进实验数据资产管理、协同和共享,提升实验数据应用价值,探索实验数据治理,助力数字经济时代新商科数字化创新人才培养。

戴维孙-革末电子衍射实验数据的一点启示

1927年戴维孙(C.Davisson)和革末(L.H.Germer)的电子衍射实验第一次可争辩地验证实物粒子的波动性。事实上,与德布罗意(de Broglie)假设的理论计算相比,戴维孙-革末的电子衍射实验数据存在着一种明显的系统性偏离。在近百年之后的今天,该偏离或许为当前电子的电磁质量的研究提供一个有价值的启示和实验依据。

基于便携式粗糙度仪的表面轮廓测量实验平台设计

该文基于便携式粗糙度仪设计了一种用于采集工件表面轮廓数据的测量实验平台,并同步开发轮廓分析软件。该测量实验平台由三轴移动装置、夹具、轮廓数据采集装置(粗糙度仪)及计算机组成,可采集水平方向上0.3~16.0 mm、垂直方向上–200~200μm复杂表面的轮廓数据,用于微结构或非球面等面型的测量实验。基于MATLAB软件设计模块开发了轮廓数据处理及分析软件,与金相显微镜及泰勒霍普森轮廓仪所测量的轮廓数据结果对比,该测量实验平台的测量误差低于5%,证明该平台及测量方法的可靠性和准确性。

大数据综合试验区建设与产业链现代化——影响效应与作用机理

选取2000—2021年中国30个省级面板数据,利用多期DID方法(Time-varying DID),实证检验国家级大数据综合试验区设立对产业链现代化的影响效应、作用机理与重要条件。研究结果表明,国家级大数据综合试验区建设能够推动产业链现代化,从动态效应来看,随着年份推移,试点政策对产业链现代化的促进效果逐渐增强。该结论在经过PSM-DID检验、缩尾处理等一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。机制分析表明,技术进步、产业结构升级和人力资本积累是国家级大数据综合试验区建设赋能产业链现代化的有效路径。核心结论为实现数据要素与产业链现代化深度融合的政策愿景提供了经验证据和决策参考。

数字经济对环境污染的影响及作用机制研究

环境污染是人类面临的重要威胁之一,数字经济有望成为抑制环境污染的新抓手。基于大数据试验区准自然实验,选取中国278个地级市2012—2021年面板数据,采用双重差分模型分析数字经济对环境污染的影响及作用机制。研究发现,数字经济能够显著抑制城市环境污染。该结论经过平行趋势检验、PSM-DID检验、安慰剂检验及排除同期相关政策影响后依然成立。作用机制检验发现,数字经济可通过加强环境规制和提升实质性技术创新两条传导路径抑制环境污染,而策略性技术创新传导路径未获数据支持。异质性分析表明,与基础设施统筹发展试验区相比,跨区域试验区和区域示范试验区所体现的数字经济环境污染抑制效应更强;沿海城市以及数字普惠金融水平较高的城市数字经济对环境污染的抑制效应更强。

环境工程专业学位硕士试验设计与数据处理课程教学优化——基于国内外三所高校案例

文章比较了清华大学试验设计与分析线上课程和昆士兰大学试验设计线下课程在教学内容和教学方法方面的差异,并分析了各自的特点;在此基础上,介绍了中国矿业大学环境工程专业学位硕士试验设计与数据处理课程结合人才培养目标,进行教学内容和教学方法优化,并实施线上线下混合式教学模式的实践。中国矿业大学的试验设计与数据处理课程教学达到了使学生“懂理论、会应用、能实践”的目标。

论药品专利补充实验数据的接受标准

药品专利由于研发时间长,在申请日后会产生大量的补充实验数据。我国的立法及实践已明确,应当对补充实验数据进行审查。但审查不等于被接受,典型案例反映出,对补充实验数据的接受标准依然存在较大争议。域外美国、欧洲、日本的立法模式和司法实践也各不相同。解决当前药品专利补充实验数据接收标准所存在的问题,应当从以下几个方面进行着手:分别规定“技术方案”和“预测效果”不同的接受标准;厘清补充实验数据与证明目的之间的关系;放宽对预测效果的严格标准;广泛理解本领域公知常识及现有技术。

三极管共射放大实验电路频率特性的测试与分析

三极管共射放大电路实验是模拟电子技术基本实验之一,实验前基于Multisim波特图得到幅频特性及相频特性曲线。经与理论分析对照,有两个现象:一是上限截止频率远大于理论估算值;二是相频特性曲线在中频段某频率点发生-180°到180°相位跳变。针对第一个现象,实验后对测试数据利用Python进行处理,表明幅频特性下限频率点理论值、仿真值与测试值基本一致;上限频率点介于理论值与仿真值之间。针对第二个现象,经Python绘制了理论相频特性曲线,用示波器实测输入、输出信号的李莎如图形,表明没有相位的跳变。

压力波发生器的调制与控制方法研究

泥浆压力波发生器通过控制转阀产生压力波信号,是石油钻井和煤矿开采中的重要通信装置。针对压力波信号调制和转阀控制需求:首先提出下边带恒包络平滑相位调制方法,保证信号幅值恒定并降低驱动功率需求;然后,基于自抗扰控制算法设计控制系统,实现转阀位置精准控制,保证压力波信号质量;最后,开发具备力矩加载、参数调试和数据管理等功能的实验测试装置对所提方法进行验证。实验结果表明,所提方法有效实现了压力波信号平滑相位调制和转阀抗干扰控制。所提方法和实验装置具有多学科融合特性,有助于提高学生解决实际复杂工程问题的能力。

工程领域裂纹检测实验方法的进展

裂纹故障是影响生产生活和设备安全运行的一大因素,裂纹检测实验对于检测技术应用和裂纹故障信息获取具有重要意义,但领域内缺乏对检测实验的系统性归纳与剖析。该文对当前代表性的裂纹检测实验方法进行了分类比较,针对裂纹信息介绍了定位、形貌和深度的检测实验,从先进传感器、数据处理与机器学习应用等3个方面探究了裂纹检测实验方法进展。最后根据国内外裂纹检测实验的研究现状,提出了在裂纹扩展方向检测、误报漏报及实验与实际工况贴近程度方面所面临的挑战,并从实时动态、远程无线和多故障耦合检测等方面进行了展望,为今后裂纹检测实验方法的研究与发展提供了参考。

程序设计课程实验教学改革与在线学习数据分析

针对程序设计课程实验教学中,学生学习能力具有差异性,且教学活动形式单一、过程性指导与考核难落地等问题,以项目制方式整合设计6个层次的实验教学内容,建设多种信息化平台,实施递进式实验教学。对借助平台记录的任务总耗时、评测次数、代码修改行数等过程性数据进行深度分析,综合考察学生的实验学习效率与期末考试成绩之间的相关性。围绕学生个体学习效果数据的评价,为教师教学改进提供了依据,提高了实验教学的针对性。分层递进式实验教学的实施,增加了课程的外延实验学习,充分满足了不同学生的学习需求,培养了他们的程序设计和计算思维能力,为其后续专业学习打下良好基础。

由“体验式”到“验证式”:“新文科”背景下法学实验教学的模式优化

“新文科”的内涵可以被解构为学科交叉之新理念、科教融合之新目标与文理交融之新方法;法学实验教学作为法学教育体系中最具实践性、前沿性与创新性的环节,应当及时回应上述新诉求。目前,法学实验教学模式仍表现出“体验式”路径依赖,即便是融入科技元素的虚拟仿真也是以体验各类诉讼程序或非诉流程为目标,未能体现出“假设与验证”的实验教学本质。将类案司法裁判文书作为大数据素材,有助于在法学教育中融入计算科学的思维与方法,以一种科学发现的姿态去探索与验证所学法学理论,呈现法学实验教学的“验证式”面孔。依托于“构想提出、确立假设、文书检索、数据分析、理论检验与方法总结”等核心环节,可以确立“验证式”法学实验教学方案。

Computer Management of Quantitative Analysis Chemistry Experiment

The application of computer in the quantitative analysis chemistry experiment is a chemistry experiment teaching applications software, developed by Visual Basic （6.0）, based on the content of quantitative analysis chemistry experiment of chemistry major in higher institute. This software has the function of the automatic processing the experimental data, the automatic generation of test report copies, and the automatic evaluation of students＇ experimental results, which solve the reliability, objectivity and accuracy problems of the students＇ experiment data processing and evaluation, and avoid interference with human factors. The software has the characteristic of the easy installation, the easy operation, the strong practicability, pertinence, the systematicness and the running stability, so it provides a platform in the quantitative analysis chemistry experiment for the students＇ assessment system of automatic processing, and it has a high popularization value. The project＇s technical route design is reasonable, the research method is correct, and the experimental data processing results are reliable, which has reached the leading domestic level in the quantitative analysis chemistry experiment teaching field of computer data processing. And this project has been through the achievements appraisal of Gansu Provincial Sci. ＆ Tech. Department.

有限实验数据下工程结构概率建模及随机响应分析

为了研究实验数据下工程结构输入参数的概率建模以及依据所建模型的响应分析的问题,本文提出了一种实验数据下工程结构概率建模及随机响应求解的方法。依据Karhunen-Loeve展开和任意多项式混沌(aPC)展开理论,提出了一种基于核密度估计的新型随机模型;发展了结构随机响应的求解技术,并提出了用于随机响应aPC系数估计的D-optimal加权插值方法,实现了结构响应的高精度求解。研究表明:本文的研究为实验数据下工程结构的合理随机建模和高效响应分析提供了一个有效的框架,本文方法有效。