An Adaptive Program Recommendation System for Multi-User Sharing Environment

More and more accounts or devices are shared by multiple users in video applications,which makes it difficult to provide recommendation service.Existing recommendation schemes overlook multiuser sharing scenarios,and they cannot make effective use of the mixed information generated by multi-user when exploring users’potential interests.To solve these problems,this paper proposes an adaptive program recommendation system for multi-user sharing environment.Specifically,we first design an offline periodic identification module by building multi-user features and periodically predicting target user in future sessions,which can separate the profile of target user from mixed log records.Subsequently,an online recommendation module with adaptive timevarying exploration strategy is constructed by jointly using personal information and multi-user social information provided by identification module.On one hand,to learn the dynamic changes in user-interest,a time-varying linear upper confidence bound(LinUCB)based on personal information is designed.On the other hand,to reduce the risk of exploration,a timeinvariant LinUCB based on separated multi-user social information from one account/device is proposed to compute the quality scores of programs for each user,which is integrated into the time-varying LinUCB by cross-weighting strategy.Finally,experimental results validate the efficiency of the proposed scheme.

Frilled Lizard Optimization: A Novel Bio-Inspired Optimizer for Solving Engineering Applications

This research presents a novel nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm called Frilled Lizard Optimization(FLO),which emulates the unique hunting behavior of frilled lizards in their natural habitat.FLO draws its inspiration from the sit-and-wait hunting strategy of these lizards.The algorithm’s core principles are meticulously detailed and mathematically structured into two distinct phases:(i)an exploration phase,which mimics the lizard’s sudden attack on its prey,and(ii)an exploitation phase,which simulates the lizard’s retreat to the treetops after feeding.To assess FLO’s efficacy in addressing optimization problems,its performance is rigorously tested on fifty-two standard benchmark functions.These functions include unimodal,high-dimensional multimodal,and fixed-dimensional multimodal functions,as well as the challenging CEC 2017 test suite.FLO’s performance is benchmarked against twelve established metaheuristic algorithms,providing a comprehensive comparative analysis.The simulation results demonstrate that FLO excels in both exploration and exploitation,effectively balancing these two critical aspects throughout the search process.This balanced approach enables FLO to outperform several competing algorithms in numerous test cases.Additionally,FLO is applied to twenty-two constrained optimization problems from the CEC 2011 test suite and four complex engineering design problems,further validating its robustness and versatility in solving real-world optimization challenges.Overall,the study highlights FLO’s superior performance and its potential as a powerful tool for tackling a wide range of optimization problems.

The Damaging Effects of Abstracting the Deep Aquifers’Groundwater in Jordan-Quality Constraints

The deep aquifers in Jordan contain non-renewable and fossil groundwater and their extraction is quasi a mining process, which ends in the depletion of these resources. Although aquifers in the majority of groundwater basins in Jordan are vertically and horizontally interconnected stratification in different water quality horizons with generally increasing water salinity with the depth is observed. Many officials and planners advocate the extraction of deep salty and brackish water to be desalinated and used in household, industrial, and agricultural uses. In this article, the quality of the groundwater in the different deep aquifers and areas in Jordan is discussed. The results of this study show that the consequences of the deep groundwater exploitation are not restricted to depletion of the deep aquifers but also that the overlying fresh groundwater will, due to vertical and horizontal interconnectedness of the different aquifers, percolate down to replace the extracted deep groundwater. This will cause the down-percolating fresh groundwater to become salinized in the deep saline aquifers, which means that extracting the deep brackish and saline groundwater is not only an emptying process of the deep groundwater but also it is an emptying process of the fresh groundwater overlying them. The results allow to conclude that any extraction of the deep groundwater in areas lying to the north of Ras en Naqab Escarpment will have damaging impacts on the fresh groundwater in the overlying fresh groundwater aquifers. This article strongly advises not to extract the deep brackish and saline groundwater, but to conserve that groundwater as a base supporting the overlying fresh groundwater resources, and that will help in protecting the thermal mineralized water springs used in spas originating from these deep aquifers. The increasing water needs of the country can be covered by the desalination of seawater at Aqaba, which is the only viable option for Jordan at present and in the coming decades.

Novel concepts of mechanical technology for gas recovery from marine hydrate reservoir

According to the characteristics of marine natural gas hydrate,China has proposed the solid-state fluidization exploitation technology or natural gas hydrate,with subsea exploitation being key to the commercial recovery of gas.In this paper,two new integrated tools are proposed for breaking and collecting natural gas hydrate,and their working principles and steps are illustrated.Finite element analysis,three-dimensional modeling,and simulations were conducted for both exploitation tools to verify their technological feasibility.The results show that the two exploitation tools can effectively improve the efficiency of hydrate exploitation and ensure the stability of the hydrate reservoir.This provides a reference for further research on the solid-state fluidization exploitation technology of marine gas hydrates.

Skill Optimization Algorithm:A New Human-Based Metaheuristic Technique

Metaheuristic algorithms are widely used in solving optimization problems.In this paper,a new metaheuristic algorithm called Skill Optimization Algorithm(SOA)is proposed to solve optimization problems.The fundamental inspiration in designing SOA is human efforts to acquire and improve skills.Various stages of SOA are mathematically modeled in two phases,including:(i)exploration,skill acquisition from experts and(ii)exploitation,skill improvement based on practice and individual effort.The efficiency of SOA in optimization applications is analyzed through testing this algorithm on a set of twenty-three standard benchmark functions of a variety of unimodal,high-dimensional multimodal,and fixed-dimensional multimodal types.The optimization results show that SOA,by balancing exploration and exploitation,is able to provide good performance and appropriate solutions for optimization problems.In addition,the performance of SOA in optimization is compared with ten metaheuristic algorithms to evaluate the quality of the results obtained by the proposed approach.Analysis and comparison of the obtained simulation results show that the proposed SOA has a superior performance over the considered algorithms and achievesmuch more competitive results.

Migration Algorithm:A New Human-BasedMetaheuristic Approach for Solving Optimization Problems

This paper introduces a newmetaheuristic algorithmcalledMigration Algorithm(MA),which is helpful in solving optimization problems.The fundamental inspiration of MA is the process of human migration,which aims to improve job,educational,economic,and living conditions,and so on.Themathematicalmodeling of the proposed MAis presented in two phases to empower the proposed approach in exploration and exploitation during the search process.In the exploration phase,the algorithm population is updated based on the simulation of choosing the migration destination among the available options.In the exploitation phase,the algorithm population is updated based on the efforts of individuals in the migration destination to adapt to the new environment and improve their conditions.MA’s performance is evaluated on fifty-two standard benchmark functions consisting of unimodal and multimodal types and the CEC 2017 test suite.In addition,MA’s results are compared with the performance of twelve well-known metaheuristic algorithms.The optimization results show the proposed MA approach’s high ability to balance exploration and exploitation to achieve suitable solutions for optimization problems.The analysis and comparison of the simulation results show that MA has provided superior performance against competitor algorithms in most benchmark functions.Also,the implementation of MA on four engineering design problems indicates the effective capability of the proposed approach in handling optimization tasks in real-world applications.

Al-Biruni Earth Radius(BER)Metaheuristic Search Optimization Algorithm

Metaheuristic optimization algorithms present an effective method for solving several optimization problems from various types of applications and fields.Several metaheuristics and evolutionary optimization algorithms have been emerged recently in the literature and gained widespread attention,such as particle swarm optimization(PSO),whale optimization algorithm(WOA),grey wolf optimization algorithm(GWO),genetic algorithm(GA),and gravitational search algorithm(GSA).According to the literature,no one metaheuristic optimization algorithm can handle all present optimization problems.Hence novel optimization methodologies are still needed.The Al-Biruni earth radius(BER)search optimization algorithm is proposed in this paper.The proposed algorithm was motivated by the behavior of swarm members in achieving their global goals.The search space around local solutions to be explored is determined by Al-Biruni earth radius calculation method.A comparative analysis with existing state-of-the-art optimization algorithms corroborated the findings of BER’s validation and testing against seven mathematical optimization problems.The results show that BER can both explore and avoid local optima.BER has also been tested on an engineering design optimization problem.The results reveal that,in terms of performance and capability,BER outperforms the performance of state-of-the-art metaheuristic optimization algorithms.

Language Education Optimization: A New Human-Based Metaheuristic Algorithm for Solving Optimization Problems

In this paper,based on the concept of the NFL theorem,that there is no unique algorithm that has the best performance for all optimization problems,a new human-based metaheuristic algorithm called Language Education Optimization(LEO)is introduced,which is used to solve optimization problems.LEO is inspired by the foreign language education process in which a language teacher trains the students of language schools in the desired language skills and rules.LEO is mathematically modeled in three phases:(i)students selecting their teacher,(ii)students learning from each other,and(iii)individual practice,considering exploration in local search and exploitation in local search.The performance of LEO in optimization tasks has been challenged against fifty-two benchmark functions of a variety of unimodal,multimodal types and the CEC 2017 test suite.The optimization results show that LEO,with its acceptable ability in exploration,exploitation,and maintaining a balance between them,has efficient performance in optimization applications and solution presentation.LEO efficiency in optimization tasks is compared with ten well-known metaheuristic algorithms.Analyses of the simulation results show that LEO has effective performance in dealing with optimization tasks and is significantly superior andmore competitive in combating the compared algorithms.The implementation results of the proposed approach to four engineering design problems show the effectiveness of LEO in solving real-world optimization applications.

Experimental study on solid particle migration and production behaviors during marine natural gas hydrate dissociation by depressurization

Sand production is one of the main obstacles restricting gas extraction efficiency and safety from marine natural gas hydrate(NGH)reservoirs.Particle migration within the NGH reservoir dominates sand production behaviors,while their relationships were rarely reported,severely constrains quantitative evaluation of sand production risks.This paper reports the optical observations of solid particle migration and production from micrometer to mesoscopic scales conditioned to gravel packing during depressurization-induced NGH dissociation for the first time.Theoretical evolutionary modes of sand migration are established based on experimental observations,and its implications on field NGH are comprehensively discussed.Five particle migration regimes of local borehole failure,continuous collapse,wormhole expansion,extensive slow deformation,and pore-wall fluidization are proved to occur during depressurization.The types of particle migration regimes and their transmission modes during depressurization are predominantly determined by initial hydrate saturation.In contrast,the depressurization mainly dominates the transmission rate of the particle migration regimes.Furthermore,both the cumulative mass and the medium grain size of the produced sand decrease linearly with increasing initial methane hydrate(MH)saturation.Discontinuous gas bubble emission,expansion,and explosion during MH dissociation delay sand migration into the wellbore.At the same time,continuous water flow is a requirement for sand production during hydrate dissociation by depressurization.The experiments enlighten us that a constitutive model that can illustrate visible particle migration regimes and their transmission modes is urgently needed to bridge numerical simulation and field applications.Optimizing wellbore layout positions or special reservoir treatment shall be important for mitigating sand production tendency during NGH exploitation.

Billiards Optimization Algorithm:A New Game-Based Metaheuristic Approach

Metaheuristic algorithms are one of themost widely used stochastic approaches in solving optimization problems.In this paper,a new metaheuristic algorithm entitled Billiards Optimization Algorithm(BOA)is proposed and designed to be used in optimization applications.The fundamental inspiration in BOA design is the behavior of the players and the rules of the billiards game.Various steps of BOA are described and then its mathematical model is thoroughly explained.The efficiency of BOA in dealing with optimization problems is evaluated through optimizing twenty-three standard benchmark functions of different types including unimodal,high-dimensional multimodal,and fixed-dimensionalmultimodal functions.In order to analyze the quality of the results obtained by BOA,the performance of the proposed approach is compared with ten well-known algorithms.The simulation results show that BOA,with its high exploration and exploitation abilities,achieves an impressive performance in providing solutions to objective functions and is superior and far more competitive compared to the ten competitor algorithms.

Thermal conductive proppant with self-suspension ability

The in situ mining technology is applied to the exploitation of medium-and low-maturity shale oil,which can use heaters to warm up the oil shale formations and pyrolyze the kerogen.Due to the low thermal conductivity of oil shale,electric heaters need extra equipment to improve heat transfer efficiency.In this study,a thermally conductive proppant is fabricated by coating epoxy-resin and graphite on ceramic proppants for the first time,which could support the fracturing crack and transfer heat.The thermal conduction property of epoxy-resin and graphite coated proppants(EGPs)is 245%higher than that of uncoated proppants,which can transfer more heat to the oil shale formation and accelerate the conversion of kerogen.The adhesive property of EGPs is improved by 47.9%under the load force of 1500 nN,which prolongs the time for the fracture to close.In summary,this novel proppant is expected to assist in-situ mining technology in the production of medium and low-maturity shale oil.

An Effective Runge-Kutta Optimizer Based on Adaptive Population Size and Search Step Size

A newly proposed competent population-based optimization algorithm called RUN,which uses the principle of slope variations calculated by applying the Runge Kutta method as the key search mechanism,has gained wider interest in solving optimization problems.However,in high-dimensional problems,the search capabilities,convergence speed,and runtime of RUN deteriorate.This work aims at filling this gap by proposing an improved variant of the RUN algorithm called the Adaptive-RUN.Population size plays a vital role in both runtime efficiency and optimization effectiveness of metaheuristic algorithms.Unlike the original RUN where population size is fixed throughout the search process,Adaptive-RUN automatically adjusts population size according to two population size adaptation techniques,which are linear staircase reduction and iterative halving,during the search process to achieve a good balance between exploration and exploitation characteristics.In addition,the proposed methodology employs an adaptive search step size technique to determine a better solution in the early stages of evolution to improve the solution quality,fitness,and convergence speed of the original RUN.Adaptive-RUN performance is analyzed over 23 IEEE CEC-2017 benchmark functions for two cases,where the first one applies linear staircase reduction with adaptive search step size(LSRUN),and the second one applies iterative halving with adaptive search step size(HRUN),with the original RUN.To promote green computing,the carbon footprint metric is included in the performance evaluation in addition to runtime and fitness.Simulation results based on the Friedman andWilcoxon tests revealed that Adaptive-RUN can produce high-quality solutions with lower runtime and carbon footprint values as compared to the original RUN and three recent metaheuristics.Therefore,with its higher computation efficiency,Adaptive-RUN is a much more favorable choice as compared to RUN in time stringent applications.

Investigation of Android Malware with Machine Learning Classifiers using Enhanced PCA Algorithm

Android devices are popularly available in the commercial market at different price levels for various levels of customers.The Android stack is more vulnerable compared to other platforms because of its open-source nature.There are many android malware detection techniques available to exploit the source code andfind associated components during execution time.To obtain a better result we create a hybrid technique merging static and dynamic processes.In this paper,in thefirst part,we have proposed a technique to check for correlation between features and classify using a supervised learning approach to avoid Mul-ticollinearity problem is one of the drawbacks in the existing system.In the proposed work,a novel PCA(Principal Component Analysis)based feature reduction technique is implemented with conditional dependency features by gathering the functionalities of the application which adds novelty for the given approach.The Android Sensitive Permission is one major key point to be considered while detecting malware.We select vulnerable columns based on features like sensitive permissions,application program interface calls,services requested through the kernel,and the relationship between the variables henceforth build the model using machine learning classifiers and identify whether the given application is malicious or benign.Thefinal goal of this paper is to check benchmarking datasets collected from various repositories like virus share,Github,and the Canadian Institute of cyber security,compare with models ensuring zero-day exploits can be monitored and detected with better accuracy rate.

Comparative Analysis for Evaluating Wind Energy Resources Using Intelligent Optimization Algorithms and Numerical Methods

Statistical distributions are used to model wind speed,and the twoparameters Weibull distribution has proven its effectiveness at characterizing wind speed.Accurate estimation of Weibull parameters,the scale(c)and shape(k),is crucial in describing the actual wind speed data and evaluating the wind energy potential.Therefore,this study compares the most common conventional numerical(CN)estimation methods and the recent intelligent optimization algorithms(IOA)to show how precise estimation of c and k affects the wind energy resource assessments.In addition,this study conducts technical and economic feasibility studies for five sites in the northern part of Saudi Arabia,namely Aljouf,Rafha,Tabuk,Turaif,and Yanbo.Results exhibit that IOAs have better performance in attaining optimal Weibull parameters and provided an adequate description of the observed wind speed data.Also,with six wind turbine technologies rating between 1 and 3MW,the technical and economic assessment results reveal that the CN methods tend to overestimate the energy output and underestimate the cost of energy($/kWh)compared to the assessments by IOAs.The energy cost analyses show that Turaif is the windiest site,with an electricity cost of$0.016906/kWh.The highest wind energy output is obtained with the wind turbine having a rated power of 2.5 MW at all considered sites with electricity costs not exceeding$0.02739/kWh.Finally,the outcomes of this study exhibit the potential of wind energy in Saudi Arabia,and its environmental goals can be acquired by harvesting wind energy.

The Harvesting of the Endangered Palm Euterpe edulis in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: The Case of Linear Canopy Openings

The palm Euterpe edulis was historically very exploited by humans and even today, many individuals are cut down by collectors to harvest the edible palm hearts. The ecological aspects of this anthropogenic pressure and its related effects are poorly understood. Here we investigate if linear canopy openings in a fragment of Brazilian Atlantic Forest can cause edge effects and facilitate predatory harvesting by humans. We sampled in Tinguá Biological Reserve (Southeastern Brazil) native palm populations at forest edges adjacent to two linear canopy openings, and in the forest interior far from any edge. Our 8-year monitoring showed that the linear canopy openings negatively affected the palm populations reducing its density and regeneration mainly on edges, but no local extinction was observed. Thus, the direct human impact from harvesting, adverse survival conditions on edges and interspecific competition causes population declines with no local extinction, so this suggests that E. edulis may resist even under strong anthropogenic pressure.

Deep bedrock geothermal resources in the Maichen Sag,Beibuwan Basin and their potential for exploitation and utilization

The Maichen Sag in the south-central part of the Beibuwan Basin is abundant in geothermal resources that have not been widely exploited and utilized due to inadequate research on it.This study evaluated the geothermal resources in the Maichen Sag based on the regional geological setting and geothermal conditions.Grid units for assessment and a geological model for areas with geothermal resources were established using spatial analysis techniques.The spatial distribution models of the physical and thermophysical properties of the geothermal reservoirs were also built using the Kriging interpolation method.Based on the terrestrial heat flow distribution in the target areas,the spatial distribution of the geo-temperature field through the inversion under the constraints of the temperature data from boreholes were predicted.Factors such as deep geo-temperature,thermophysical properties of rocks,and terrestrial heat flow values,were integrated into this quantitative evaluation of geothermal resources through the geological modeling-based volume method and the geothermal reservoir engineering-based numerical simulation method.The results show that the Maichen Sag has favorable heat source conditions with intersected,deep-rooted faults and widely developed Upper Paleozoic fissured granite geothermal reservoirs.The northern outer slope zone at a burial depth of 3‒5 km on the tectonic plane of the basement in the sag is suggested to be a potential target area,where,as calculated using the volume method,is likely to be the home to the total geothermal resources of 80.4×10^(9)GJ(i.e.,2.75×10^(9)tonnes of coal equivalent(tce))in the bedrock geothermal reservoirs at a burial depth of 3‒6 km.The geotemperature of 172‒201℃at a formation depth of 5 km in the sag also indicates that the deep geothermal resources are of high value for exploitation.

BitTorrent网络的搭便车及恶意攻击研究

通过分析BitTorrent网络中BitThief、BitTyrant、Large View exploit、Sybil、声称自己拥有文件块、仅连接种子这6种搭便车攻击和发布虚假块、不合作、Eclipse这3种恶意攻击的主要策略和攻击方法,总结搭便车攻击和恶意攻击的特点与相同之处以及BitTorrent存在的问题,为改进BitTorrent网络协议提供参考。

Cybersecurity: A Stochastic Predictive Model to Determine Overall Network Security Risk Using Markovian Process

There are several security metrics developed to protect the computer networks. In general, common security metrics focus on qualitative and subjective aspects of networks lacking formal statistical models. In the present study, we propose a stochastic model to quantify the risk associated with the overall network using Markovian process in conjunction with Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) framework. The model we developed uses host access graph to represent the network environment. Utilizing the developed model, one can filter the large amount of information available by making a priority list of vulnerable nodes existing in the network. Once a priority list is prepared, network administrators can make software patch decisions. Gaining in depth understanding of the risk and priority level of each host helps individuals to implement decisions like deployment of security products and to design network topologies.

聊城市温泉开发利用及发展研究

1聊城市温泉的利用价值1.1直接供暖目前,人们取暖主要通过烧煤,从而造成严重污染,而燃气燃油前期投入和运行成本都十分昂贵。若聊城市适度利用温泉进行直接供暖,不仅清洁无污染,而且资源可以再生。1.2浴疗保健聊城市温泉含有多种对人体有益的组分。

从社会现象的批判到社会关系本质的批判——马克思和恩格斯对施蒂纳批判局限性的批判

面对资本主义市场经济体制下的商品拜物教现象,以及在这一现象笼罩下人与人之间关系的扭曲与异化,施蒂纳沿着功利主义的思路进行认识和批判,而马克思和恩格斯则从当时政治经济学已经达到的认识程度出发,对施蒂纳的批判思路从功利主义根源上进行了揭示,并认为其局限性不完全在于对一定的社会现象仅仅进行意识形态的批判,而在于没有对不同性质的社会关系即财产交往关系与劳资交往关系进行区别,正是沿着这一思路,马克思开始了漫长的政治经济学研究历程。