Does Green Food Certification promote agri-food export quality?Evidence from China

The construction of a food certification system plays a vital role in upgrading export quality, which previous studies have largely overlooked. We match China's industry-level data of Green Food Certification with its HS6-digit export data of agri-food products to quantify the impact of Green Food Certification on export quality. We identify the significant and positive effect of Green Food Certification on export quality. The 2SLS estimation based on instrumental variables and a range of robustness checks confirm the validity and robustness of the benchmark conclusions. Further analysis discloses that Green Food Certification improves export quality by raising agricultural production efficiency and brand premiums. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the effect of Green Food Certification varies across regions, notably improving the quality of agri-food products exported to developed regions and regions with high levels of import supervision. Furthermore, among various product types, Green Food Certification significantly improves the export quality of primary products and products vulnerable to non-tariff measures. The above findings could guide the future development of agri-food quality certification systems, potentially leading to a transformation and promotion of the agri-food trade.

Changes in calcium accumulation and utilization efficiency and their impact on recycling,immobilization,and export across the oil palm cycle

Effective calcium(Ca)management is crucial for optimizing oil palm cultivation and enhancing crop yield.This study aimed to gain insights into the dynamics of Ca concentration,accumulation,exportation,immobilization,and recycling in various oil palm organs relative to plant age.The experiment was conducted at the Agropalma enterprise site in the northeastern region of Para State,Brazil,evaluating seven plant age treatments:2,3,4,5,6,7,and 8 years old.Employing a completely randomized design with four replications.The results demonstrated an age-related increase in Ca concentration in petioles,rachis,arrows,male inflorescences,peduncles,and fruits.Furthermore,Ca accumulation exhibited an upward trend in all organs with progressing plant age.Notably,the study revealed an enhanced Ca use efficiency across all plant organs in correlation with the age of oil palm cultivation.These findings underscore the dynamic nutritional demands of oil palm,influencing Ca immobilization,cycling,and export throughout its developmental stages.

Research on the Threshold Effect of China’s Pharmaceutical Export Trade on Internal and External R&D Investment

Objective To study the threshold effect of export trade on internal and external R&D investment in China’s pharmaceutical industry,and to provide reference for some pharmaceutical enterprises to improve the investment.Methods The panel data of pharmaceutical industry in 25 provinces and cities in China from 2009 to 2019 were selected to conduct empirical analysis by establishing a threshold regression model,and a better export trade interval was obtained.Results and Conclusion There is a threshold value for the effect of new product export on both internal and external R&D expenditures,and the threshold values are 845.2788 million yuan and 318.4198 million yuan,respectively.There is a single threshold effect of export trade on both internal and external R&D investment in China’s pharmaceutical industry,and the effect of export trade on internal and external R&D investment changes from negative to positive as the export trade develops from low to high.

中国出口能源的供给价格弹性大小的一个估计——基于CES生产函数的估计

基于CES生产函数形式,文章推导了出口商品供给价格弹性的表达式。根据中国1997年至2017年的能源数据,文章计算出中国出口能源的供给价格弹性值。文章计算结果显示,中国出口能源供给价格弹性值为0.868266。从出口能源品种上看,中国出口能源商品供给价格弹性值存在很大的差异性。文章计算结果显示,中国出口煤炭的供给价格弹性值为-1.328703,中国出口石油的供给价格弹性值为-3.148054,中国出口电力的供给价格弹性为0.335038。

Coral reef ecological pump for gathering and retaining nutrients and exporting carbon:a review and perspectives

How coral reefs with high productivity and biodiversity can flourish in oligotrophic tropical oceans has inspired substantial research on coral reef ecosystems.Increasing evidence shows that similar to water in an oasis in the desert,there are stable nutrient supplies to coral reefs in oligotrophic oceans.Here,with emphasis on the fluxes of organic matter,we summarize at the ecosystem level(1)the multiple input pathways of external nutrients,(2)the storage of nutrients in reef organisms,(3)the efficient retaining and recycling of dissolved and particulate organic matter within coral reef ecosystems,(4)the distinctly high phytoplankton productivity and biomass inside and near oceanic coral reefs,and(5)the export of reef-related organic carbon to adjacent open oceans.These properties enable coral reefs to function as ecological“pumps”for gathering nutrients across ecosystems and space,retaining and recycling nutrients within the ecosystem,supporting high phytoplankton productivity,and exporting organic carbon to adjacent open oceans.Particularly,the high phytoplankton productivity and biomass make waters around coral reefs potential hotspots of carbon export to ocean depths via the biological pump.We demonstrate that organic carbon influx is vital for coral reef ecosystems’carbon budget and carbon export.The concept of the coral reef ecological pump provides a framework to improve the understanding of the functioning of the coral reef ecosystem and its responses to disturbance.Prospects of the coral reef ecological pump in coral reef studies are discussed in changing oceans driven by human activities and global change in the Anthropocene.

基于CMA-ES的USV自动靠泊研究

本文提出基于CMA-ES优化的LQR船舶自主靠泊控制系统,系统化地解决船舶在靠泊过程中涉及的路径规划、最优控制、外界干扰、物理执行结构约束等问题并使用仿真软件实现基于LQR以及基于CMA-ES优化的LQR的自主靠泊控制系统,实验结果表明,基于CMA-ES的优化控制方法能够很好地实现小型船舶的自主靠泊,系统鲁棒性表现良好。

Research on the Chemical Hazard Risk of Toys Exported to EU from China Based on the Analysis of the EU “Safety Gate” Alerts Cases

Based on the analysis of the 2544 alert cases from “Safety Gate” (the EU rapid alert system for dangerous non-food products) of toys exported to the EU market from China in the past five years (2017-2021), this study focuses on the chemical hazards as the key research object, investigates and identifies categories of toy products and related chemicals with high notification rate. The research results have shown that the most seriously and frequently alerted toy products due to chemical hazards from China exported to the EU are plastic dolls, slimes, rubber toy balloons, toy guns and squeezable toys, while the high failure rate of chemicals in sequence are phthalates, boron element, N-Nitrosamines and N-Nitrosatable substances, and bis(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl) ether. This study aims to improve the efficiency of inspection and test of export toys, and provide decision-making references for Chinese toy export enterprises to respond to EU technical trade measures.

Impact of foreign direct investment on the exports of five major sectors of Pakistan’s economy:A governance perspective

This study investigates and analyses empirically the impact of Foreign Direct Investment(FDI)inflows on the exports for a panel series of five large-scale manufacturing industries of Pakistan during the period 2000-2020.For this purpose,we establish export production function as based on endogenous growth theory in which role of FDI is considered as additional determinant of export.The Pedroni residual-based co-integration test and Error Correction Model(ECM)are applied for the long and short-run relationships.Pedroni residual based approach highlighted that human capitals,domestic capitals,foreign direct investments,exports,and domestic sales are co-integrated in the long run.According to results of ECM,coefficient of FDI appears to have statistical significant impact on exports and has a positive sign in the long run.Whereas,FDI does not contribute to export growth in the short run but it takes time to influence the growth patterns of the sector.On the basis of theoretical notion of endogenous growth theory,long-run coefficient of FDI may be interpreted as evidence in favour of the hypotheses that FDI has an impact on exports via export development.Thus,it can be concluded that“FDI-based endogenous growth theory”is valid in the case of Pakistan.

China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Machinery and Electronic Products Holds China-Saudi Investment Conference

On December 12th,2023,the China-Saudi Investment Conference,co-sponsored by the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China and the Ministry of Investment of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,and organised by the China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Machinery and Electronic Products.

The Unique Oriental Fans Adding Beauty to the New Year The Exhibition‘Canton Export Fans:A Chinese Fashion in the 18th and 19th Centuries’Opened

The Canton fans made in China have becometreasures in the world. As a product of theintegration of Chinese and Western culturesunder the background of trade between Chinaand the West in the 18th and 19th centuries,the Qing Dynasty Canton export fans bear thememory and charm of Chinese ivilization.

黏胶/ES纤维热轧消毒吸附干巾表层材料的制备与性能分析

为制备兼具良好力学性能和导流性能的消毒吸附干巾表层材料,将黏胶纤维和ES纤维混合,通过热轧非织造加固工艺制备黏胶/ES纤维热轧消毒吸附干巾表层材料。通过单因素试验,探讨黏胶纤维和ES纤维混合比例及热轧温度对材料力学性能和导流性能的影响。结果显示:纤维混合比例与热轧温度均显著影响材料的力学性能与导流性能,优化的工艺参数为黏胶纤维和ES纤维质量比20/80、热轧温度135℃。采用优化工艺参数制备的热轧消毒吸附干巾表层材料,其纵横向断裂强力分别为88.16 N和36.82 N,吸液率为751%,扩散长度为18.1 cm,渗水面浸湿时间为2.25 s,上下层吸水速率分别为26.19%/s和65.61%/s,上下层液态水扩散速度分别为3.96 mm/s和6.54 mm/s,单向传递指数为962,兼具良好的力学性能和导流性能。

ES纤维的应用与发展探讨

ES纤维是近几年非常热门的复合型纤维,主要用于热风无纺布的生产,是卫生巾、纸尿裤使用最广泛的材料。我国自发生重大公共卫生事件后,受N95口罩等的影响,热风无纺布成为热门产品,带动ES纤维迅猛发展。文章就ES纤维的发展历史、制作方法、特性等做了简单介绍,并对ES纤维非织造布技术的具体通用,以及国内ES纤维的生产现状进行了分析,对其发展方向和市场趋势做了初步探讨,以期各位读者对ES纤维有更多的了解。

一种评价新思维:ESE评价理论与方法——城市轨道交通可持续发展状态评价

目前城市轨道交通可持续发展评价体系,采用简单的分层加权汇总方法,未考虑同层指标间的相互影响以及下层指标对上层指标的一对多影响,不能系统、全面、准确地反映实际可持续发展情况。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种评价新思维——ESE评价理论与方法,即通过数据具有ESE(经济-社会-环境)三性影响这一新认识,构建了一个ESE空间直角坐标系,并以此表征城市轨道交通所有业务场景。在此ESE三维立体空间中,城市轨道交通的可持续发展状态被分成“八种四类”,同时对可持续发展程度进行了量化计算,并实现了立体的可视化表达。

Comparative Analysis of Rice Export Competitiveness in Heilongjiang Province of China Based on Index Method

Based on the analysis of rice planting and export development in Heilongjiang Province in 2013-2021,this paper comprehensively used three export competitiveness analysis methods,namely,trade competitiveness index,revealed comparative advantage(RCA)analysis and international market share analysis,to compare the four major rice exporters in the world and the three major rice export provinces and cities in China.Besides,it evaluated the rice export competitiveness of Heilongjiang Province from multiple perspectives.It analyzed the reasons for low competitiveness in terms of export product structure,export market structure,production and processing technology,and brand building.Finally,it is recommended to clarify the positioning of rice export quality and take more measures to ensure product quality;improve the level of industrialization of rice production and processing,and extend the rice industry chain;develop diversified rice export markets and improve export flexibility;adhere to the principle of"opening the door and going out",expand the international popularity of high-quality brands,so as to enhance the rice export competitiveness of Heilongjiang Province.

Rare earth listed in the Catalogue of Energy and Resources Products Subject to Export Reporting

China’s Ministry of Commerce(MOFCOM)on 7 November announced revisions to a list of bulk commodities whose imports and exports should be reported for keeping statistical record.Fourteen commodities including Soybeans,rapeseed,soybean oil,palm oil and so on will continue to be regulated by current import reporting system.Five new items are included.Crude oil,iron ore.

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Lower-Level Health Care Facilities of Dar es Salaam Region in Tanzania: Status towards Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and Way Forward

Background: Improving Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in health care settings is a critical prerequisite for achieving national health goals and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a target for each United Nations member state to reach by 2030. Each member state is required to reach by 2022, 2025 and 2030 at least 60%, 80% and 100%, respectively of basic level of service of the five elements which are water, sanitation, hygiene, waste management and environmental cleaning. Methods: This study aimed to evaluate and document the current state of basic water, sanitation, and hygiene services in all lower-level health care facilities in the Dar es Salaam region of Tanzania as of July 2022. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 99 public dispensaries in the Dar es Salaam region’s five councils: Ubungo, Kigamboni, Kinondoni and Temeke Municipalities, and Ilala City. The interviewee form and observational checklists were both digitalized using the Kobo tool software. The respondents were health care facility in-charges or nurse in-charges. Data were downloaded, validated, and imported to Stata version 15 for analysis. Results: The basic WASH level per JMP is far below the target in 2022. Each member state by 2022 is required to reach at least 60% of the basic level of service of each element. We found a low coverage of basic WASH in the 99 dispensaries included in this study. The basic WASH coverage was met in only 10 (10.1%) of the dispensaries, while the remaining 89 (89.9%) dispensaries fall on limited WASH services. Conclusion: This study revealed lower coverage of basic WASH services in dispensaries. An urgent need is required to improve the status of WASH in all the dispensaries and facilitate the provision of quality health care services, patient safety and reduce health care associated infections.

ESG表现是否促进了企业出口?——来自中国上市公司的微观证据

受可持续发展理念影响,国际市场愈发重视企业的ESG表现。在全球经济持续低迷背景下,研究ESG表现与企业出口的关系对于我国推进贸易强国建设及构建开放型经济新体制具有重要意义。文章通过整合2009—2016年中国海关企业与A股上市公司数据,并将其与华证评价体系下的企业ESG评分相合并,系统考察了ESG表现对上市公司出口绩效的影响效应及其作用机制。研究表明:ESG表现能显著促进企业出口规模扩张,在一系列稳健性检验后,上述结论依然成立。ESG表现的效应分解显示,企业在环境、社会责任及公司治理各个维度的良好表现均会对其出口规模扩张产生积极影响,且相较于社会责任,环境和公司治理方面的良好表现对企业出口规模扩张的促进作用更强;异质性分析表明,ESG表现对不同类型企业及产品的影响存在显著差异,主要推动了非国有、非重污染企业及目的地为发展中国家的产品的出口;机制检验显示,ESG表现通过提升企业声誉、减少贸易壁垒限制和降低信息不对称程度促进企业出口。此外,文章还发现良好的ESG表现可以提升企业出口的广延边际和集约边际,促进企业出口贸易模式转型升级并提高其出口技术复杂度。文章为ESG表现如何影响企业出口提供了证据,也为我国推进ESG建设和助力对外贸易高质量发展提供了有益的政策启示。

Impact of BRICS Trade Facilitation on China's Exports Using Cross-Border E-Commerce

With the rapid growth of the global digital economy, cross-border e-commerce, as an emerging form of trade, has gradually become a powerful engine to promote the development of global trade. BRICS is an important force in the global economy, and the progress of the BRICS countries' trade facilitation level has an important impact on the global trade environment. This paper conducts an in-depth study of the dynamic changes in BRICS trade facilitation from 2013 to 2022, and uses an extended gravity model to analyze the specific impact of this change on China's exports using cross-border e-commerce. The results show that although the BRICS countries have made some progress in trade facilitation, the overall level still needs to be improved, and there are obvious differences among member countries. However, the improvement of trade facilitation among BRICS countries has undoubtedly brought significant positive effects to China's exports using cross-border e-commerce.

The “New Three” Brings More Growth for China-E.U. Railway Express

Recently,a China-Asia transit train,loaded with second-hand cars,auto parts,and electronic products,set off slowly from the China-Kazakhstan Logistics Base in Lianyungang,heading to stations such as Almaty in Central Asia,and to more distant European stations.This express marks the 410th China-Europe(Central Asia)train launched from Lianyungang this year,indicating that the first half target had been completed 25 days in advance.Public data shows that the annual transportation value of the China-E.U.Railway Express has increased from USD 8 billion in 2016 to USD 56.7 billion in 2023.Export goods have gradually expanded from initial IT products such as laptops and printers to more than 50,000 categories including clothing,shoes,hats,auto parts,daily necessities,food,wood,furniture,chemical products,and machinery equipment.

嵌入式系统OpenGLES提升帧率的批量渲染方法的研究

在嵌入式系统中使用OpenGL ES进行渲染工作,往往会受限于纹理渲染帧率。为了提高帧率,业内已有一些改进的方法,如VBO、PBO、压缩纹理等。从影响OpenGL ES渲染速率较大的2个API(glDraw^(*),glTexImage2D)入手,提出多纹理单元与Sprite Widget 2种Batch Rendering方法,并附有测试数据,验证了这2种方法在帧率提升方面具有较好效果。