Effect of roselle calyx extract on in vitro viability and biofilm formation ability of oral pathogenic bacteria

Objective: To investigate the effect of the roselle calyx extract(RCE)(Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) on the in vitro viability and biofilm formation ability of oral pathogenic bacteria. Methods:RCE was prepared by soaking roselle calyx powder with ethyl alcohol for 24 h at room temperature. After centrifugation, the extract was lyophilized. Then, the extract was dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline, the p H was adjusted, and the extract was aseptically filtered. We used Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, Lactobacillus casei, Actinomyces naeslundii, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia in this study. The antibacterial activity of the RCE was determined by treating the cells of these bacteria with the extract for 10 or 20 min at room temperature. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration was determined using the micro dilution method, and the effect of the RCE on the ability to form biofilm was determined using a polystyrene micro plate assay. In addition, we used the WST-1 assay to determine the cytotoxicity of the RCE on HGF, Ca9-22 and KB cells. Results: The RCE had antibacterial activity against oral bacteria used in this study. In particular, most significant antibacterial activity was observed against Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration were 7.2 mg/m L–28.8 mg/m L and 14.4 to >57.6 mg/m L. The RCE had an inhibitory effect on biofilm formation at the MIC and sub-MIC levels. In addition, the RCE had low cytotoxic effects on HGF, Ca9-22 and KB cells. Conclusions: Thus, our results indicate that the RCE may be used for preventing oral diseases.

Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Armillariella Mellea Powders Oral(银杏蜜环口服溶液) attenuates inflammation of microglia in habenular nucleus through CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in post stroke depression

OBJECTIVE The Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Armillariella Mellea Powders Oral(Yinxingmihuan Koufu Rongye,YXMH),a representative drug for"Treating both Brain and Heart",showed considerable clinical effects in isch⁃emic cardiovascular and cerebral vascular diseases.Recently,it is reported that YXMH has the potential for treating myocardial and cerebral ischemia related mental disorders,such as post stroke depression(PSD)and chronic heart disease(CHD)associated anxiety disorder.However,its mechanism has not been clearly elucidated.Meanwhile,increasing evidence revealed that there are close functional links between depression and habenular nucleus.The present study investigates the underlying mechanism of YXMH on attenuating the inflammation of microglia in habenular nucleus through CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in in a rat model of PSD.METHODS Rats were randomly devided into sham group,model group,Ginaton group(18 mg·kg^-1),Armillariella Mellea group(600 mg·kg-1),Fluoxetine group(10 mg·kg^-1),YXMH high-dose group(618 mg·kg^-1)and YXMH low-dose group(309 mg·kg^-1).The PSD model was induced by transarterial microembolization combined with sleep deprivation(2-Chloro-D-phenylalanine,PCPA,IH,200 mg·kg^-1,for 3 times,before the behavior test)in SD male rats.Then rats were treated with corresponding medicaments through gavage once a day until 3 weeks later,followed by body mass measurement,neurological deficit score evaluation,gripping strength and thermal withdrawl latency measurement,as well as depression related behavioral indicators,the open field test(OFT)and sucrose preference test.The pathological morphological changes of habenular nucleus was observed by HE staining,the expression of IBA-1 was measured and analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining,and alterations of proteins and genes related to the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis were analyzed using Western blotting(CX3CL1,CX3CR1)and real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)(CX3CL1,CX3CR1).RESULTS Compared with the sham group,rats in the model group manifested as decreased body mass,deficient neurological behavior and gripping strength,reduced loco⁃motor activity and sugar water consumption,as well as elevated thermal withdrawl latency(P<0.05,P<0.01).Mean⁃while,the pathological morphology of the habenular nucleus on the ischemic hemisphere showed significant neuronal degeneration,microglial proliferation,inflammatory cells and glia cells infiltration,together with up-regualted expression of IBA-1,CX3CL1,CX3CR1 protein and CX3CL1,CX3CR1 mRNA.YXMH attenuated inflammation of microglia in habenular nucleus through improving pathological morphology,inhibiting IBA-1 activation,down-regulating the expres⁃sion of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 proteins and genes,and thus improved the behavior performance of ischemic injury and depression.CONCLUSION YXMH ameliorates neurological deficit and depressive behavior in rat model of PSD induced by transarterial microembolization combined with sleep deprivation,and the mechanism is probably related to attenu⁃ating inflammation of microglia in habenular nucleus through CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis.

Oral Health Determinants and Demographic Factors of Permanent Tooth Extraction in Iranian Adults

Preservation of teeth until old ages indicates oral health status. Improving life expectancy in developing countries makes teeth care an important topic. This study assessed reasons of tooth extraction (TE), oral health determinants and demographic factors of permanent TE in Iranian adults. Adult people who referred to dental clinic of Mashhad Medical University in 2012 for dental extraction and lived in Mashhad city, participated in this study by convenient sampling method after obtaining informed consent. Demographic characteristics, oral health status, health habit and reasons of TE of participants were assessed. Data were analyzed by SPSS11.5 by Chi-Square, T-Test, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney and Kruskall-Wallis tests. Totally 254 people participated (383 extracted teeth) that 55% were female. Mean age of participants was 39.3 years;females were 6.1 years younger than males. The main reason of TE was dental caries (55.1%), following by impaction. There was significant difference between average times of tooth brushing in both sexes, but difference was not shown in sugar intake. Except in people with college degrees that dental caries is the main cause of TE. With increase in life expectancy to more than 70 years old in Iranian, the age of TE especially in women is younger than expected. The most common cause of TE is dental caries that seem in spite of improving health indexes in Iran, poor oral hygiene remains as a problem. There is no significant difference between frequency of sugar intake and level of education that indicates unhealthy dietary habits related to tooth decay.

Gene Expression Changes and Signal Transduction Pathway Alterations in Primary Human Oral Epithelial Cells Exposed to Smokeless Tobacco Extracts

Smokeless tobacco (ST), an alternative to smoking, has gained wide popularity among tobacco users. This study is conducted to determine the time course of gene expression associated with specific signaling pathways in human oral epithelial cells after exposure to smokeless tobacco extract (STE). A differentiated layer of epithelial cell is created as a way to mimic reasonably similar physiological atmosphere. A dose and time dependent response is observed for cell viability and cell proliferation assays indicating that this model system is responsive to the treatment. Expressions of 84 genes representing 18 different signal transduction pathways are quantitated. This is accomplished by using real-time polymerase chain reaction arrays at 1 h, 3 h, 6 h and 24 h time points following exposure to STE. Changes in gene expression are observed on many cellular processes including cell cycle regulation, cell adhesion, inflammation, apoptosis, and DNA breaks-down including Akt pathway activation. Short time exposure (1 h) leads more genes to down regulate whereas longer incubation time results in more genes up regulation. Most notable differences in the expression of genes during the course of treatment are BCL2A1, BIRC3, CCL20, CDK2, EGR1, FOXA2, HOXA1, IGFBP3, IL1A, IL-8, MMP10, NOS2, NRIP1, PTGS2, SELPLG and TNF-a. This study provides an insight on gene expression on oral epithelial cells as a result of STE exposure. This may also postulate greater understanding on biological effects and the mechanism of action of STE particularly at the transcriptional level.

芡实壳提取物的抗氧化活性及对口腔溃疡模型大鼠的治疗作用

目的研究芡实壳对口腔溃疡模型大鼠的防治作用及其潜在作用机制。方法分别以福林酚法、硝酸铝比色法测定芡实壳-萃取物中多酚、黄酮含量;以DPPH·、ABTS^(+)·、·OH和·O_(2)4种自由基清除实验评价体外抗氧化活性;冰醋酸灼伤法建立口腔溃疡大鼠模型。采用酶联免疫法检测血清中氧化因子水平;HE染色观察溃疡黏膜组织病理变化;Western blot方法检测溃疡黏膜组织中Keap1、Nrf2、Nes-Nrf2和HO-1蛋白表达水平。结果乙酸乙酯萃取物中多酚、黄酮含量为306.74±1.04 mg/g、23.43±0.61 mg/g,其清除DPPH·、ABTS^(+)·自由基的IC50分别是3.42±0.97µg/mL、3.32±0.90µg/mL(P<0.01);乙酸乙酯组能明显改善模型动物口腔黏膜损伤,提高血清中CAT水平、降低MDA水平(P<0.01),显著增加血清中NEs-Nrf2(P<0.01)以及HO-1(P<0.05)蛋白表达量、降低Keap1(P<0.01)蛋白表达量显著。结论芡实壳提取物对口腔溃疡有一定治疗作用,其作用机制可能是通过激活Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1信号通路。

中药材大黄浸出液干预大鼠急性放射性口腔黏膜炎的效果观察

目的:探究中药材大黄浸出液干预大鼠急性放射性口腔黏膜炎的效果。方法:60只健康成年的雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组(不进行任何处理)、模型组(造模后注射生理盐水)、干预组(造模后注射大黄浸出液),比较实验前和实验后(干预14 d)三组大鼠口腔黏膜炎临床评分和炎症因子指标含量。结果:干预组大鼠口腔溃疡面积较小,疼痛程度较轻,病程显著缩短,症状明显改善;组织病理学观察显示,干预组大鼠口腔黏膜上皮细胞形态近似正常,炎症细胞浸润显著减少;干预组大鼠IL-6[(12.15±1.74)ng/L]、TNF-α[(17.09±2.34)ng/L]、TGF-β[(9.25±2.47)μg/L]含量显著低于模型组大鼠。结论:大黄浸出液显著改善了大鼠口腔黏膜炎的症状,并具有抗炎、修复口腔黏膜损伤的效果,可为放射性口腔黏膜炎治疗提供新的思路。

6-姜酚基于PKB/KIF14信号通路对大鼠口腔黏膜愈合的作用

目的探讨生姜提取物6-姜酚对实验性口腔溃疡大鼠黏膜愈合的促进作用,及其对蛋白激酶B(PKB)/驱动蛋白家族成员14(KIF14)信号通路的调节作用。方法将50只大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、6-姜酚组、信号通路抑制剂(LY294002)组和LY294002联合6-姜酚组,每组10只,除正常组外,其余组大鼠用冰醋酸烧灼法建立口腔溃疡模型,6-姜酚组大鼠尾静脉注射6-姜酚6 mg·kg^(−1),LY294002组大鼠尾静脉注射LY2940020.3 mg·kg^(−1),LY294002联合6-姜酚组大鼠尾静脉注射LY2940020.3 mg·kg^(−1),30 min后,尾静脉注射6-姜酚6 mg·kg^(−1);每日1次,连续7 d。计算溃疡面积,HE染色观察病理学变化,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测白细胞介素-6(interleukin 6,IL-6)、白细胞介素-1β(interleukin 1β,IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factorα,TNF-α)水平,实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,qRT-PCR)检测基质金属蛋白酶2(matrix metalloproteinase 2,MMP-2)和基质金属蛋白酶9(matrix metalloproteinase 9,MMP-9)水平,蛋白印迹法(Western blotting)检测磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase,PI3K)、PKB和KIF14蛋白的相对表达量。结果模型组大量炎性细胞浸润,黏膜上皮细胞坏死脱落,无新生成纤维细胞;6-姜酚组黏膜上皮覆盖,溃疡趋于愈合;LY294002组大量炎性细胞浸润,上皮结构被破坏,黏膜上皮细胞脱落坏死;LY294002联合6-姜酚组炎性细胞浸润减少,病变较6-姜酚组减轻。与模型组比较,6-姜酚组大鼠溃疡面积减小,IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β水平及MMP-2、MMP-9 mRNA的相对表达量降低,p-PI3K、p-PKB以及KIF14的相对表达量升高;LY294002组溃疡面积增加,IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β水平以及MMP-2、MMP-9 mRNA的相对表达量升高,p-PI3K、p-PKB及KIF14的相对表达量降低(P<0.05);与LY294002联合6-姜酚组比较,6-姜酚组大鼠溃疡面积减小,IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β水平及MMP-2、MMP-9 mRNA的相对表达量降低,p-PI3K、p-PKB及KIF14的相对表达量升高;LY294002组溃疡面积增加,IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β水平及MMP-2、MMP-9 mRNA相对表达量升高,p-PI3K、p-PKB及KIF14的相对表达量降低(P<0.05)。结论生姜提取物6-姜酚可促进口腔溃疡大鼠创面愈合,其可能是通过激活蛋白激酶B/驱动蛋白家族成员14信号通路发挥作用的。

口腔菌群参与槟榔提取物诱发大鼠口腔溃疡的作用研究

目的通过槟榔提取物构建大鼠口腔溃疡模型,观察口腔内菌群结构变化及多样性特征,探索口腔菌群和局部炎性因子参与槟榔提取物诱发大鼠口腔溃疡的发病作用机制研究,为临床防治口腔溃疡提供理论支持。方法将30只SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、药物治疗组(桂林西瓜霜,8 mg/d,连续7 d),10只/组。大鼠口腔黏膜经皮下注射10 g/mL的槟榔提取物,复制大鼠口腔溃疡模型。通过观察溃疡面积、溃疡评分、局部组织口腔肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白介素-2(interleukin-2,IL-2)、IL-8水平,并取口腔黏膜组织进行HE染色,观察其组织形态学的变化,采用高通量测序方法分析口腔微生物菌群结构分布及微生物群落多样性。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠溃疡面积显著增大,溃疡评分显著上升(P<0.01),口腔黏膜组织TNF-α、IL-2、IL-8水平均显著升高(P<0.01),大鼠口腔唾液的链球菌属(Streptococcus,P<0.05)、韦荣球菌属(Veillonella,P<0.001)均显著减少,模型组大鼠口腔黏膜上皮细胞增生或局灶性坏死,黏膜固有层水肿、出血,并伴有大量的中性粒细胞和单核细胞浸润;与模型组比较,药物治疗组大鼠溃疡面积显著减少(P<0.05,P<0.01),溃疡评分显著减少(P<0.05),口腔黏膜组织TNF-α(P<0.01)、IL-2(P<0.05)、IL-8(P<0.05)水平均显著降低,大鼠口腔唾液的链球菌属(Streptococcus,P<0.001)、韦荣球菌属(Veillonella,P<0.01)显著增加,葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus,P<0.01)显著减少,口腔黏膜组织病变程度有明显改善。结论槟榔提取物可成功复制大鼠口腔溃疡模型,其发病机制可能与口腔正常菌群水平降低,潜在致病菌水平升高,破坏其口腔菌群微生物平衡,进而破坏机体免疫系统,引起局部促炎因子升高有关。

数字化智慧牙解系统在口腔解剖生理学教学中的建设与应用

在数字化和信息技术高速发展的背景下,教育教学改革是一项持续性的重大工作。本项目采用口腔数字化技术将离体牙转化为数字化资源,编辑、整合、分类录入数字化智慧牙解软件系统,并应用于口腔解剖生理学教学中。数字化智慧牙解系统作为一种新兴的数字化教学资源,既有效地保护了离体牙,也提高了学生的学习兴趣和对牙体形态解剖的掌握程度,提升了教学质量,丰富了国家一流本科课程的改革成果,值得进一步的研究与推广。

银杏蜜环口服溶液治疗冠心病合并抑郁的临床效果及对免疫功能的影响

目的 探讨银杏蜜环口服溶液治疗冠心病合并抑郁的临床效果及对免疫功能的影响。方法 选取2019年7月至2023年7月金华市中医医院和慈溪市第七人民医院收治的冠心病合并抑郁患者124例,随机将其分为对照组和观察组,每组各62例。对照组患者采用常规方案治疗,观察组患者在此基础上增加银杏蜜环口服溶液治疗。经8周治疗后,比较两组患者的炎症因子、免疫功能、生活质量及抑郁评分。结果 治疗后,两组患者的C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-8(interleukin-8,IL-8)、CD8^(+)水平均显著低于本组治疗前,CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均显著高于本组治疗前(P<0.05);观察组患者的CRP、TNF-α、IL-8、CD8^(+)水平均显著低于对照组,CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者的西雅图心绞痛量表(Seattle angina questionnair,SAQ)各维度评分均显著高于本组治疗前(P<0.05),观察组患者的SAQ各维度评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者的汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分显著低于对照组[(9.26±1.58)分vs.(12.87±1.89)分,t=11.538,P<0.001]。结论 银杏蜜环口服溶液可抑制冠心病合并抑郁患者的炎症反应并改善其抑郁症状,提高患者的免疫功能和生活质量。

拔牙位点保存技术在口腔种植中的应用

目的探究拔牙位点保存技术在口腔种植中的应用价值。方法选取2020年10月—2023年9月南京鼓楼医院集团宿迁医院口腔科收治的81例口腔种植患者为研究对象,依据双盲法分为对照组(n=40)与观察组(n=41),对照组采用常规种植前拔牙处理治疗,观察组采用拔牙位点保存技术治疗,对比两组牙槽美学效果、疼痛情况、种植成功概率、并发症发生率、牙槽骨情况治疗效果。结果治疗后,观察组牙槽美学效果高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组疼痛情况低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组种植成功率(100.00%)高于对照组(80.00%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.990,P=0.008)。观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组牙槽骨情况各项指标优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论在口腔种植治疗中选择拔牙位点保存技术效果更好,可提高种植成功率,减少并发症,保证美学效果,降低疼痛感,临床应用价值高。

多指标正交试验优化损伤中期口服液的提取工艺

目的:优选损伤中期口服液的最佳提取工艺。方法:在单因素试验的基础上,以加水量、提取时间、提取次数为考察因素,以毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、柚皮苷含量及收膏率的综合评分作为评价指标进行L9(34)正交试验设计,优选损伤中期口服液的提取工艺。结果:优选出的最佳提取工艺为加水量9倍,提取1 h,提取3次。毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、柚皮苷的含量分别为36.19、673.91、825.81、903.85μg/mL,收膏率为32.28%,综合得分为99.19分。结论:优选的提取工艺重复性好,工艺稳定可靠,为该制剂生产的高效提取提供了理论依据。

高速涡轮机微创拔牙法在复杂阻生牙拔除中的临床效果

目的:分析高速涡轮机微创拔牙法在复杂阻生牙拔除中的临床效果。方法:选择黔西南州人民医院于2021年1月—2023年12月收治的复杂阻生牙患者70例,随机分为对照组和观察组,各35例。对照组采用超声骨刀拔牙治疗,观察组实施高速涡轮机微创拔牙。观察两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛情况、肿胀度、张口度、并发症发生率。结果:观察组手术时间、术中出血量明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后1 d、3 d、7 d疼痛评分、肿胀度明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后1 d、3 d、7 d张口度明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.041)。结论:高速涡轮机微创拔牙可显著提高复杂阻生牙拔除的安全性,减少并发症发生,使口腔功能快速恢复正常。

Protocol for the management of oral surgery patients on warfarin utilizing a Point-of-Care In-Office international normalized ratio monitoring device

Purpose: This study was performed to assess the utility and safety of an In-Office INR Monitoring Device and present a safe and efficient protocol for the management of patients on oral anticoagulants and/or antithrombolytics requiring routine office oral and maxillofacial surgery. Patients and Methods: Sixty-one patients requiring “minor” oral and maxillofacial surgery being treated chronically with oral anticoagulation (warfarin) were entered into the study and compared in 2 groups. The control group (n = 29) was managed by discontinuing warfarin and any anti-platelet medication(s) prior to surgery. In the study group (n = 30), the decision to continue or withhold warfarin was determined by a protocol in which patients are 1) stratified based on risk for thromboembolism, and 2) classified as requiring “major” or “minor” surgery. Procedures categorized as “minor” surgery included dental extraction(s), dental implants, soft tissue and bone biopsies, and preprosthetic bone surgery, and incision and drainage. Warfarin and antiplatelet medication were not withheld in these patients, and a Point-of-Care In-Office INR Monitoring Device was used to obtain INR levels on the day of consultation and surgery. Local measures including removal of granulation tissue, packing, suturing, etc. were utilized for hemostasis. Results: The 30 patients in the study group maintained on warfarin readily achieved hemostasis using intraoperative local measures. The mean INR measured by the In-Office INR Monitoring Device was 2.36 with a range from 1.3 to 3.2. Study group patients underwent a total of 131 separate procedures including 108 dental extractions (impactions), placement of dental implants, preprosthetic bony surgery, bone cyst removal, soft tissue biopsies, facial skin cancer repair, and incision and drainage. One patient (3%) required “minor” intervention with removal of a “liver clot” on postop day 2 with repacking and suturing. The 29 patients in the control group discontinued off of war farin underwent a total of 99 procedures. One patient (3%) also required a “minor” intervention (repacking of extraction site). There were no “major” complications in either group. Conclusions: This study supports previous studies that minor oral surgery procedures can be safely performed while maintaining patients on warfarin minimizing the risk of a potentially devastating thromboembolic event. When deciding whether or not to withhold warfarin, this study supports the use of the proposed protocol based on 1) risk stratification for thromboembolism, 2) the need for “minor” versus “major” surgery, 3) and utilization of an In-Office INR Monitoring Device. An In-Office Point-of-Care INR measuring device can be a very effective tool to safely simplify and make the perioperative management of the anticoagulated patient more efficient for the patient and oral and maxillo facial surgeon.

Antioxidant activity of methanol extracts of different parts of Lantana camara

Objective:To investigate the antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts of Lantana camara(L.camara)various parts and the determination of their total phenolics content.Methods:The extract was screened for possible antioxidant activities by free radicaI scavenging activity(DPPH),xanthine oxidase inhibition activity and Griess—llosvay method。Results:The results showed that all the plant parts possessed antioxidant properties including radical scavenging,xanthine oxidase ildfibition and nitrites seavenging activities.The antioxidative activities were correlated with the total phenol.The leaves extract of L.camara was more effective than that of other parts.Conclusions:This study suggests that L.camara extracts exhibit great potential for antioxidant activity and may be useful for their nutdtional and medicinal functions.

临时义齿诱导牙龈成形在前牙微创拔牙后种植美学修复中的应用

目的:探究临时义齿诱导牙龈成形对前牙微创拔牙后种植修复的美学效果影响。方法:选择2018年3月-2020年4月在西安交通大学口腔医院特诊特需科就诊行前牙微创拔牙操作的64例患者为研究对象。根据随机数字法分为对照组和观察组,每组32例。对照组使用传统拔牙方法,观察组使用微创拔牙后临时义齿诱导牙龈成形的方法。对比两组患者种植体修复1年后的牙龈乳头情况、种植牙稳定程度、牙槽骨吸收量、修复程度、美学修复效果。结果:种植体修复1年后,观察组患者的牙龈乳头情况、修复程度均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的种植牙稳定程度、美学修复效果评分高于对照组,牙槽骨吸收量均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:与传统的拔牙方法比较,微创拔牙后进行临时义齿诱导的方法能够更加有效地保护牙槽骨和齿龈等组织,有利于改善种植牙的稳定性及牙龈的美观程度。

柑橘皮提取物口腔速溶膜的制备及性能评价

目的制备柑橘皮提取物口腔速溶膜(CPE-OFDF),并进行性能评价。方法取羧甲基纤维素钠(CMCCNa)、羧丙基甲基纤维素钠(HPMC-AN15)、聚乙烯醇(PVA1788)和共聚维酮(CPVP)等4类成膜材料,聚乙二醇400(PEG400)、聚乙二醇4000(PEG4000)、丙二醇、丙三醇等4类增塑剂,Tween20、Tween80、Cremophor EL35、Cremophor EL40等4类表面活性剂,分别采用溶剂浇铸法制备空白口腔速溶膜(OFDF),观察并比较其外观、厚度、崩解时限及耐折度,筛选适宜的成膜材料、增塑剂、表面活性剂,并确定用量。使用筛选获得的成膜材料、增塑剂、表面活性剂,加入5%、8%、10%、13%的柑橘皮提取物(CPE)制备CPE-OFDF,观察并比较其外观、厚度、崩解时限及耐折度,筛选CPE用量。制备CPE-OFDF后,显微镜下观察其形态,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定叶黄素含量、紫外分光光度法(UV)测定总黄酮含量。取CPE、物理共混物(CPE与口腔速溶膜处方组分的物理混合物)、空白口腔速溶膜及CPE-OFDF 4种样品,利用X-射线衍射分析(XRD)和差式扫描量热分析(DSC)技术分析CPE-OFDF中CPE的形态。取CPE-OFDF和CPE,在(37±0.5)℃水浴温度下,以pH 6.8的PBS(含0.5%吐温-20)溶液为溶出介质,采用HPLC法测定叶黄素、采用UV法测定总黄酮,绘制叶黄素、总黄酮的溶出曲线,观察达到最大释放度的时间和累积溶出百分率。结果口腔速溶膜中成膜材料为HPMC-AN15,用量为2%;增塑剂为PEG400,用量为2.5%;表面活性剂为Cremophor EL35,用量为1.0%;CPE用量为10%。制备的CPE-OFDF厚度为(65.67±0.82)μm,崩解时限(62.67±2.08)s,耐折度(99.67±2.08)次。CPE-OFDF内部辅料分散均一,在显微下可见油滴状结构紧密结合且分布均匀,叶黄素含量为(12.42±0.94)mg/cm^(2),总黄酮含量为(6.00±0.42)mg/cm^(2)。CPE-OFDF在XRD图谱中未出现衍射峰,在DSC图谱中熔融峰消失。CPE中叶黄素、总黄酮达到最大释放度的时间均为30 min,累积溶出百分率分别为12.38%、37.26%;CPE-OFDF中叶黄素、总黄酮达到最大释放度的时间均为15 min,累积溶出百分率分别为60.64%、79.1%。结论成功制备CPE-OFDF。CPE-OFDF中CPE已被膜剂完全包裹或以无定形状态存在。制备的CPE-OFDF崩解速度较快、耐折度较高,提高了叶黄素和总黄酮的溶出速度和溶出量。

白头翁口服液的提取与澄清工艺的优化

试验旨在优化白头翁口服液的提取和澄清工艺。采用L9(34)正交试验对白头翁口服液的水提与澄清工艺进行优化。试验固定提取次数3次,以液料比、浸泡时间、提取时间为考察因素,以盐酸小檗碱含量为评价指标,对水提工艺进行探索研究;以药液浓度、澄清剂用量、絮凝温度为考察因素,以吸光度、盐酸小檗碱保留率为综合评价指标,对澄清工艺进行探索研究,同时对絮凝澄清工艺与醇沉澄清工艺进行比较。结果显示,白头翁口服液的最佳水提工艺为液料比10 mL/g、浸泡时间30 min、提取次数3次、每次提取时间70 min。最佳澄清工艺为药液浓度1∶7 g/mL,ZTC1+1天然澄清剂用量6%A、3%B,絮凝温度60℃。絮凝澄清工艺除杂后盐酸小檗碱平均保留率为70.89%,而醇沉澄清工艺的盐酸小檗碱平均保留率仅56.72%,且不同批次絮凝澄清制备口服液测定的含量保留率相对标准偏差(RSD)值<1.00%(n=3)。研究表明,试验优化的提取澄清工艺稳定可靠,可用于工业化生产。

银杏蜜环口服溶液对不稳定型心绞痛患者血管内皮功能及氧化应激水平的影响

目的:观察银杏蜜环口服溶液对不稳定型心绞痛患者血管内皮功能及氧化应激水平的影响。方法:将96例不稳定型心绞痛患者按随机数字表法分为对照组与研究组各48例,对照组给予常规西医治疗,研究组在对照组基础上给予银杏蜜环口服溶液治疗,2组均连续治疗4周。比较2组治疗前后过氧化脂质(PLPO)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素-1 (ET-1)、6-酮-前列腺素F1α (6-Keto-PGF1α)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、纤维蛋白原、血浆黏度、血细胞比容水平。结果:治疗前,2组P-LPO、MDA、SOD水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,2组SOD水平升高(P<0.05),P-LPO、MDA水平降低(P<0.05),且研究组SOD水平高于对照组(P<0.05),P-LPO、MDA水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前,2组NO、ET-1、6-Keto-PGF1α、VEGF水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,2组ET-1水平降低(P<0.05),NO、6-Keto-PGF1α、VEGF水平升高(P<0.05),且研究组ET-1水平低于对照组(P<0.05),NO、6-Keto-PGF1α、VEGF水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前,2组血细胞比容、纤维蛋白原、血浆黏度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,2组血细胞比容、纤维蛋白原、血浆黏度均降低(P<0.05),且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:银杏蜜环口服溶液治疗不稳定型心绞痛,可改善患者氧化应激及血液流变学指标水平,提升患者血管内皮功能。

An Overview of the Use of Medicinal Plants in Regenerative Dentistry

Aim: The oral cavity has the particularity to host multiple hard and soft tissues, in this paper, we will discuss the current therapies that lead to cell differentiation by regenerative therapies and the future alternatives proposed by medicinal plants and all the regenerative potential of these different tissues. Material and Methods: A detailed review of the literature through the various search engines: Scopus, PubMed, google scholar, Cochrane, etc., uses the selected keywords to explore the effect of the regenerative potential of several medicinal plants. Results: Through our research, we have proceeded to sort different medicinal plants, according to their repairing and regenerative potential on the different tissues of the oral cavity. Conclusion: Future studies are conceivable to explore the opportunities and potential provided by medicinal plants in the field of regenerative dentistry.