Assessment of tear film parameters post-treatment with commercial eyelid cleaning wipes:a pilot study

AIM:To investigate the short-term effects of commercially available eyelid-cleaning wipes on film parameters.METHODS:This study enrolled 48 healthy participants aged 20-35y(both males and females).Clinical assessment included the Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)questionnaire,non-invasive tear break-up time(NITBUT),tear meniscus height(TMH),and lipid layer pattern(LLP).Based on these initial results,participants were categorized as either non-dry eye or dry eye.Participants in each group were randomly allocated to either Blephaclean■or Systane■treatments.Changes in NITBUT,TMH,and LLP levels before and after lid wipe treatment were assessed.RESULTS:The dry eye group exhibited significantly higher OSDI scores and lower NITBUT and TMH levels than in the non-dry eye group(P<0.001).Following the application of eyelid wipes(Systane■wipes),dry eye subjects experienced a significant improvement in NITBUT levels(P=0.0014)compared to the non-dry eye individuals.Although the remaining participants showed a marginal increase in TMH and NITBUT levels,these changes did not achieve statistical significance(P>0.05).Similarly,the LLP levels were significantly improved with Systane■(P<0.001)post-treatment compared to individuals in the non-dry eye group.However,the dry eye subjects showed higher posttreatment LLP levels than the untreated group(P<0.02).CONCLUSION:The short-term effects of Systane®eyelid wipes on tear film parameters suggest their effectiveness in dry eye disease.Nonetheless,further exploration of their long-term impact is essential to justify their cost effectiveness and efficacy in treating both aqueous deficiency and evaporative dryness.

Lipid layer thickness and tear meniscus height measurements for the differential diagnosis of evaporative dry eye subtypes

AIM： To explore a new diagnostic index for differentiating the evaporative dry eye（EDE） subtypes by analysis of their respective clinical characteristics. METHODS： A cross-sectional study of 139 patients（139 eyes） with EDE who were enrolled and classified as obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction（MGD）（n=81） and non-obstructive MGD（n=58） EDE. All patients completed a Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness（SPEED） questionnaire and were evaluated for average lipid layer thickness（LLT）, tear meniscus height measurements（TMH）, tear break-up time（TBUT）, ocular surface staining score, Schirmer I test（SIT）, lid margin abnormalities, and meibomian gland function and morphology. RESULTS： Age, average LLT, TMH, scores of lid margin abnormalities, meibum quality, meibomian gland loss（MGL）（all P≤0.001）, and TBUT（P=0.03） were all significantly different between obstructive MGD EDE patients and nonobstructive MGD EDE patients. Average LLT in obstructive MGD EDE was correlated with meibomian expressibility（r=-0.541, P≤0.001）, lid margin abnormalities were marginally not significant（r=0.197, P=0.077）, and TMH was correlated with MGL（total MGL： r=0.552, P≤0.001; upper MGL： r=0.438, P≤0.001; lower MGL： r=0.407, P≤0.001）. Average LLT in non-obstructive MGD EDE, was correlated with meibomian expressibility and Oxford staining（r=-0.396, P=0.002; r=-0.461, P≤0.001）. The efficiency of combining average LLT and TMH was optimal, with a sensitivity of 80.2% and a specificity of 74.1%. Obstructive MGD EDE patients had an average LLT≥69 nm and TMH≥0.25 mm, while non-obstructive MGD EDE patients had an average LLT〈69 nm and TMH〈0.25 mm.CONCLUSION： Obstructive MGD EDE and nonobstructive MGD EDE have significantly different clinical characteristics. Combining average LLT and TMH measurements enhanced their reliability for differentiating these two subtypes and provided guidance for offering more precise treatments for EDE subtypes.

基于EH-4电磁成像系统的采空区覆岩破坏高度探测技术

为了对煤矿采空区覆岩破坏高度进行探测,利用EH-4电磁成像系统进行地层电阻率数据采集;通过数据处理并与已有地质资料进行对比分析,确定了采空区覆岩的破坏高度,为矿区其它工程设计提供参考依据。EH-4电磁探测系统在大同矿区某煤矿进行了应用,比较准确的确定了12#煤层开采以后上覆岩层的破坏高度,这也为以后采空区覆岩破坏高度的确定提供了一种可靠的技术手段。

Intra-and interobserver reliability of ocular surface analyzer LacryDiag

AIM:To invastigate intra-and interobserver reliability of interferometry,tear meniscus height(TMH)measurement and meibography(MBG)of an ocular surface analyzer,LacryDiag(Quantel Medical,France).METHODS:Five consecutive measurements and subsequent analysis of interferometry,TMH,and MBG were recorded by two examiners using the LacryDiag.To assess intra-and interobserver reliability,we used Cohen’s kappa for categorical variables(interferometry),or intraclass correlation coefficient for continuous variables(TMH,MBG).RESULTS:Thirty eyes of 30 examinees were included.For both observers,there was excellent intraobserver reliability for MBG(0.955 and 0.970 for observer 1 and 2,respectively).Intraobserver reliability for observer 1 was substantial for interferometry(0.799),and excellent for TMH(0.863).Reliability for observer 2 was moderate for interferometry(0.535)and fair to good for TMH(0.431).Interobserver reliability was poor for interferometry(0.074)and fair to good for TMH(0.680)and MBG(0.414).CONCLUSION:LacryDiag ocular surface analyzer in our study proves to be a reliable noninvasive tool for the evaluation of TMH and MBG.As for interferometry,poor interobserver reliability,fair to good intraobserver reliability for observer 1,and moderate for observer 2,leave room for improvement.

特厚煤层综放开采覆岩破坏高度

为了对特厚煤层综放开采覆岩破坏高度进行深入研究,以同忻煤矿15 m特厚煤层为实例,采用多种方法进行论证。采用关键层理论和材料力学相关理论,对8100工作面回采过程的覆岩破坏情况进行研究,结果表明：覆岩破坏高度最大为174.6 m,各亚关键层控制着覆岩破坏的发育,主关键层抑制着覆岩破坏的发育。应用EH-4大地电磁法和数值模拟方法,综合确定了覆岩破坏高度为150～172 m,验证了理论计算结果的正确性,理论计算可对覆岩破坏高度有效预计。研究表明：同忻煤矿综放开采覆岩破坏高度为采高的10.0～11.5倍,关键层的破断控制着覆岩破坏的发育。

多手段综合分析特厚煤层分层开采覆岩破坏高度

为研究特厚煤层分层开采过程中已采工作面上覆围岩破坏高度,以老虎台矿83002已采工作面为例,分别采用EH-4物理探测、数值模拟和微震监测等多种手段进行分析论证。EH-4探测确定了垮落带和裂隙带位于油页岩层内,高阻区位于绿色页岩和砂砾岩的交界面,F1断层处出现离层空间,数值模拟和微震监测对该结果进行了验证;数值模拟和微震监测综合确定了覆岩破坏高度为400～485 m,为累计采高的6.3～7.5倍。研究成果可对下一分层83003工作面的安全开采进行指导,为类似条件矿井提供借鉴。

山柳公路下残余煤开采设计分析

针对梅河矿2110采区采矿地质条件,分析得出了采动地表发生抽冒塌陷的条件,同时根据EH-4电磁成像勘探结果及山柳公路下简易采动地表移动观测站的观测数据分析,公路附近沉陷区不存在空洞,通过对该矿残采工作面开采强度的分析,得出了各个残采工作面过公路段的限制采放高度及走向限高开采距离,为梅河矿及其他类似条件下的残煤开采设计提供了参考。

扫频相干探测光谱幅度码标记交换系统的传输性能分析

基于光谱幅度码(SAC)标记的生成原理,利用扫频相干探测技术,搭建对156Mbit/s SAC标记进行识别的SAC标记交换系统。加载40Gb/s强度调制(IM)净荷信息后,分别对背靠背、40km和80km传输距离下,本振光源(LO)线宽、发射功率以及净荷与标记频率间隔对标记接收质量的影响进行仿真分析。同时分析接收光功率(ROP)、光信噪比(OSNR)、标记与净荷频率间隔对净荷误码(BER)特性的影响。结果表明:传输40 km、80 km后,标记接收眼高度(EH)与背靠背系统相比差别较小,且都能达到-0.6 dB左右;同时,传输80 km后,当净荷BER为10-9时,其ROP与OSNR分别为-17.8dBm和14.5dB。