Reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel （RAFM） is recognized as the primary candidate structural material for ITER＇s test blanket module （TBM）. To provide a material and property database for the design and...Reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel （RAFM） is recognized as the primary candidate structural material for ITER＇s test blanket module （TBM）. To provide a material and property database for the design and fabrication of the Chinese helium cooled ceramic breeding TBM （CN HCCB TBM）, a type of RAFM steel named CLF-1 was developed and chaxacter^zed at the Southwestern Institute of Physics （SWIP）, China. In this paper, the R＆D status of CLF-1 steel and the technical issues in using CLF-1 steel to manufacture CN HCCB TBM were reviewed, including the steel manufacture and different welding technologies. Several kinds of property data have been obtained for its application to the design of the ITER TBM.展开更多
Static creep and cyclic creep tests were carried out on a Cr-Mo rotor steel from 0.5 to 0.6 T_m. Cyclic creep retardation occurred under the test conditions.With an increase of stress frequency, cyclic creep strain ra...Static creep and cyclic creep tests were carried out on a Cr-Mo rotor steel from 0.5 to 0.6 T_m. Cyclic creep retardation occurred under the test conditions.With an increase of stress frequency, cyclic creep strain rate decreases and rupture time increases.The cyclic creep strain rate for the stress wave of a square shape is higher than that of a tri- angle shape.The apparent stress exponent of cyclic creep and the apparent activation energy of cyclic creep are both higher than those of static creep.The minimum strain rate is inversely proportional to rupture time for both static and cyclic creeps at dif- ferent stresses,temperatures,frequencies and wave shapes.The cyclic creep retardation mechanism was explored by the observation and analysis of the dis- location structure and fracture surface.展开更多
The microstructure and hardness on and below the surface of Cr-Mo steel (SCM435) treated by water jet peening (WJP) were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and micro Vickers hardness measurements. The cha...The microstructure and hardness on and below the surface of Cr-Mo steel (SCM435) treated by water jet peening (WJP) were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and micro Vickers hardness measurements. The change of the surface residual stress caused by the WJP treatment influenced the surface microstructure and surface hardness of the SCM435 steel. Cementite in the pearlite phase tended to protrude as the duration of WJP was increased. Voids were formed in the area 0.5 - 1.0 mm below the surface and also at grain boundaries between ferrite and pearlite grains, whereas no voids were formed in the depth range from 2.0 to 3.0 mm below the surface.展开更多
Electrocoagulation is progressively becoming an ecologically friendly water treatment method owing to its lack of secondary pollution,high active ingredient concentration,high treatment effectiveness,simple equipment,...Electrocoagulation is progressively becoming an ecologically friendly water treatment method owing to its lack of secondary pollution,high active ingredient concentration,high treatment effectiveness,simple equipment,and simplicity of automated control implementation.Herein,electrocoagulation is offered as a method for treating wastewater containing azo dyes using a revolutionary flexible electronic fabric that can be mass-producible at a reasonable price.A computer-controlled machine embroiders 316L stainless steel fiber(316L SSF)onto an insulating fabric to manufacture a flexible electronic device of cathode and anode with a monopolar arrangement on the fabric surface.Using methyl orange(MO)solution to simulate azo dye wastewater,the decolorization rate of 500 ml MO reached 99.25% under the conditions of 50 mg·L^(-1)initial mass concentration,120 min electrolysis time,15 mA·g^(-1)current density,1 cm electrode spacing,0.1 mol·L^(-1)NaCl,pH 7.6,200 r·min^(-1)rotational speed of the stirrer,and 22-25℃ room temperature.In addition,it is feasible to embroider flexible electronic fabrics with varied sizes and numbers of electrodes based on the amount of treated sewage to increase the degradation rate,which has significant practical application value.展开更多
基金supported by the China Nuclear Energy Development Program (No. H6603100)
文摘Reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel （RAFM） is recognized as the primary candidate structural material for ITER＇s test blanket module （TBM）. To provide a material and property database for the design and fabrication of the Chinese helium cooled ceramic breeding TBM （CN HCCB TBM）, a type of RAFM steel named CLF-1 was developed and chaxacter^zed at the Southwestern Institute of Physics （SWIP）, China. In this paper, the R＆D status of CLF-1 steel and the technical issues in using CLF-1 steel to manufacture CN HCCB TBM were reviewed, including the steel manufacture and different welding technologies. Several kinds of property data have been obtained for its application to the design of the ITER TBM.
文摘Static creep and cyclic creep tests were carried out on a Cr-Mo rotor steel from 0.5 to 0.6 T_m. Cyclic creep retardation occurred under the test conditions.With an increase of stress frequency, cyclic creep strain rate decreases and rupture time increases.The cyclic creep strain rate for the stress wave of a square shape is higher than that of a tri- angle shape.The apparent stress exponent of cyclic creep and the apparent activation energy of cyclic creep are both higher than those of static creep.The minimum strain rate is inversely proportional to rupture time for both static and cyclic creeps at dif- ferent stresses,temperatures,frequencies and wave shapes.The cyclic creep retardation mechanism was explored by the observation and analysis of the dis- location structure and fracture surface.
文摘The microstructure and hardness on and below the surface of Cr-Mo steel (SCM435) treated by water jet peening (WJP) were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and micro Vickers hardness measurements. The change of the surface residual stress caused by the WJP treatment influenced the surface microstructure and surface hardness of the SCM435 steel. Cementite in the pearlite phase tended to protrude as the duration of WJP was increased. Voids were formed in the area 0.5 - 1.0 mm below the surface and also at grain boundaries between ferrite and pearlite grains, whereas no voids were formed in the depth range from 2.0 to 3.0 mm below the surface.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872901)Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(2016YFA0501602)。
文摘Electrocoagulation is progressively becoming an ecologically friendly water treatment method owing to its lack of secondary pollution,high active ingredient concentration,high treatment effectiveness,simple equipment,and simplicity of automated control implementation.Herein,electrocoagulation is offered as a method for treating wastewater containing azo dyes using a revolutionary flexible electronic fabric that can be mass-producible at a reasonable price.A computer-controlled machine embroiders 316L stainless steel fiber(316L SSF)onto an insulating fabric to manufacture a flexible electronic device of cathode and anode with a monopolar arrangement on the fabric surface.Using methyl orange(MO)solution to simulate azo dye wastewater,the decolorization rate of 500 ml MO reached 99.25% under the conditions of 50 mg·L^(-1)initial mass concentration,120 min electrolysis time,15 mA·g^(-1)current density,1 cm electrode spacing,0.1 mol·L^(-1)NaCl,pH 7.6,200 r·min^(-1)rotational speed of the stirrer,and 22-25℃ room temperature.In addition,it is feasible to embroider flexible electronic fabrics with varied sizes and numbers of electrodes based on the amount of treated sewage to increase the degradation rate,which has significant practical application value.
