Simulation of Haloxylon Ammodendron Stand Basic Diameter Structure Based on Fuzzy Distribution Function

Based on the investigation data of 12 Haloxylon ammodendron plots in the south edge of Gurbantunggut Desert, Fuzzy distribution was introduced into the study of Haloxylon ammodendron base diameter structure fitting according to the consistency between the characteristics of Fuzzy distribution function and the distribution series of cumulative percentage of stand base diameter, and the fitting precision and effect of Fuzzy distribution function were discussed. The root mean square error RMSE and determination coefficient R2 values showed that Fuzzy-Γ1, Fuzzy-Γ2, Fuzzy-Γ3, Fuzzy-Γ4 had good fitting performance, among which Fuzzy-Γ1 had relatively high fitting precision, and its parameters were closely related to stand age and density, Fuzzy-Γ2 distribution function was the second, and Fuzzy-Γ4 distribution function had the worst fitting effect. By introducing a parameter c from the similarity of four distribution function formulas, a generalized Fuzzy distribution function Fuzzy-Γ5 is obtained. This function shows the highest fitting accuracy. Most of the values of parameter c are near 1 or 2, which shows that the diameter distribution is mainly approximate to Fuzzy-Γ1 and Fuzzy-Γ2.

Inflammation-based factors and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer

Several parameters for predicting survival in patients with colorectal cancer have been identified, including the performance status, age, gender and tumor-nodemetastasis(TNM) stage. Although the TNM stage is important and useful for predicting the prognosis and determining the appropriate treatment, it is well known that the survival time varies widely, even in patients with the same stage of disease. Therefore, the identification of new parameters capable of more precisely predicting patient survival is needed to help select the optimal treatment, especially in patients in the advanced stage of disease. Although the TNM stage reflects the tumor characteristics, cancer progression and survival are not determined solely based on the local characteristics of the tumor, but also the host systemic immune/inflammatory response. Therefore, using a combination of parameters that reflect both tumor characteristics and the host systemic inflammatory status is thought to be important for accurately predicting patient survival.

A New Method to Predict Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate with Natural Geographical Factors and Location by Case-based Reasoning: A Case Study of China

Reference values of erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)are the key to interpret ESR blood test in clinic.The common local reference ESR values are more accuracy in blood test that are established with natural geographical factors by using the multiple linear regression(MLR)model and the artificial neural network(ANN).These knowledge-based methods have limitations since the knowledge domains of ESR and natural geographical factors are limited.This paper presents a new cases-depended model to establish reference ESR values with natural geographical factors and location using case-based reasoning(CBR)since knowledge domain of ESR and geographical factors is weak.Overall 224 local normal ESR values of China that calculated from 13623 samples were obtained,and the corresponding natural geographical factors and location that include altitude,sunshine hours,relative humidity,temperature,precipitation,annual temperature range and annual average wind speed were obtained from the National Geomatics Center of China.CBR was used to predict the unseen local reference ESR values with cases.The average absolute deviation(AAD),mean square error(MSE),prediction accuracy(PA),and Pearson correlation coefficient(r)between the observed and estimated data of proposed model is 33.07%,9.02,66.93% and 0.78,which are better than those of ANN and MLR model.The results show that the proposed model provides higher prediction accuracy than those of the artificial neural network and multiple linear regression models.The predicted values are very close to the observed values.Model results show significant agreement of cases data.Consequently,the model is used to predict the unseen local reference ESR with natural geographical factors and location.In spatial,the highest ESR reference areas are distributed in the southern-western district of China that includes Sichuan,Chongqing,Guangxi and Guizhou provinces,and the reference ESR values are greater than 23 mm/60 min.The higher ESR reference values are distributed in the middle part and northern-eastern of China which include Hubei,Henan,Shaanxi,Shanxi,Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces,and the reference ESR values are greater than 18 mm/60min.The lowest ESR reference values are distributed in the northern-western of China that includes Tibet and Xinjiang,and the reference ESR values are lower than 5 mm/60min.

Cardiovascular Risk Factors in South-Eastern Nigeria: A Community Based Survey

Background: Cardiovascular risk factors play a major role in cardiovascular disease burden worldwide. The prevalence is known to be in the increase especially in the developing countries. There is need for timely community based studies in order to keep tab with the current scope. It is against this background that we embarked on this cross-sectional community based study of the prevalence of selected cardiovascular risk factors in semi-urban community in Abakaliki Southeastern part of Nigeria in October 2016. Method: The consecutive consenting persons of 18 years and above were screened for selected cardiovascular risk factors in October 2016. Results: A total of 1074 adults were seen (males-567, females-507) with age range of 18 - 80 years and mean age of 35.63 ± 12.45 years. They were predominantly farmers, petty traders and artisans. The identified CVD risk factors were hypertension 285 (26.4%), alcohol abuse 131 (12.1%), obesity 122 (11.3%), diabetes 97 (9%), family history of stroke 87 (8.1%), smoking 74 (6.9%) and previous stroke 29 (2.7%). Conclusion: The cardiovascular risk factors were quite prevalent with male preponderance of alcohol abuse and smoking.

Factors influencing the performance of paintable carbon-based perovskite solar cells fabricated in ambient air

To date, many efforts have been made to improve the performance of paintable carbon-based （PC-based） perovskite solar cells （PSCs）. Though great progress has been achieved, their power conversion efficiencies are still relatively low compared with hole-transport-materials-based PSCs. General research on influencing factors of performance in PC-based PSCs is still insufficient. In this work, PC-based PSCs were fabricated in ambient air and four groups of controlled experi- ments were performed in which the PbI2 layers were prepared with or without antisolvent extraction treatment. These four groups of experiments were designed to find out the effect of different influencing factors on PC-based PSCs performance, for example, PbI2 residual, the surface morphology of the perovskite film, the surface roughness of the perovskite film, and the contact status of the perovskite/carbon electrode interface. With a systematic analysis, we demonstrated that the contact status of the perovskite/carbon electrode interface played a vital role in PC-based PSCs, and a fiat, smooth perovskite surface could help to improve this contact status significantly. Besides, on the precondition of a poor contact interface, no PbI2 residual and a good surface morphology only brought limited benefits to the performances of PC-based PSCs.

Comprehensive Evaluation on the Regional Economy of Commodity Grain Base in Heilongjiang Province Based on Factor Analysis Method

Taking a total of 13 areas in Heilongjiang commodity grain base as the research objects,9 indices are selected,which are regional GDP(X1),per capita GDP(X2),total value of tertiary industry(X3),financial revenue(X4),urban fixed assets investment(X5),average salary(X6),gross industrial output value(X7),total output value of farming,forestry,husbandry and fishing(X8),and retail sales of social consumer goods(X9).Based on this,evaluation index system of regional economy is established.According to the 2006-2008 Heilongjiang Statistical Yearbook,average values within 3 years are used as analytical data.Factor Analysis Method is adopted to establish regression model and to carry out comprehensive analysis.Result shows that Heilongjiang commodity grain base has extremely uneven regional economic development in different areas.According to the score order and actual situation,the 13 areas are divided into 4 types.The first and second types are Harbin and Daqing,respectively.The third type is Qiqihaer,Suihua,Mudanjiang and Jiamusi.And the forth type is Jixi,Shuangyashan,Heihe,Yichun,Qitaihe,Hegang and Daxinganling.Suggestions for the development of these areas are put forward.

High Quality Audio Object Coding Framework Based on Non-Negative Matrix Factorization

Object-based audio coding is the main technique of audio scene coding. It can effectively reconstruct each object trajectory, besides provide sufficient flexibility for personalized audio scene reconstruction. So more and more attentions have been paid to the object-based audio coding. However, existing object-based techniques have poor sound quality because of low parameter frequency domain resolution. In order to achieve high quality audio object coding, we propose a new coding framework with introducing the non-negative matrix factorization(NMF) method. We extract object parameters with high resolution to improve sound quality, and apply NMF method to parameter coding to reduce the high bitrate caused by high resolution. And the experimental results have shown that the proposed framework can improve the coding quality by 25%, so it can provide a better solution to encode audio scene in a more flexible and higher quality way.

Operation Efficiency and Influencing Factors of Listed Companies of Swine Industry:Empirical Analysis Based on Data of 16 Listed Companies in 2010-2014

Listed companies of the swine industry,as an important form of agricultural industrialized operation,are typical representatives of large-scale production and the level of their operation efficiency exerts a direct influence on the healthy development of the swine industry.Using the DEA-based Malmquist method,this paper made a static and dynamic evaluation of the operation efficiency of 16 listed companies in China's swine industry in 2010-2014. It obtained following results:( i) The overall efficiency of listed companies of China's swine industry remained at high level and the development trend was excellent.( ii) Different types of enterprises had difference in the overall efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. In general,pig feed processing companies had the best performance,followed by slaughtering and deep processing companies,and swine breeding companies were the worst.( iii) The total factor productivity characterized by the Malmquist index declined year by year in 2010-2013 and was improved in 2014,mainly due to technological progress.( iv) The total asset turnover ratio,equity concentration,and R & D management level had a significantly positive impact on the operation efficiency of listed companies in the swine industry,while the human capital had a significantly negative impact.

不均衡小样本下多特征优化选择的生命体触电故障识别方法

针对现有的剩余电流保护装置无法有效识别触电事故的问题,该文提出了一种不均衡小样本下多特征优化选择的生命体触电故障识别方法。首先通过变分自编码器(VAE)对实验收集到的生命体触电小样本数据进行增殖以实现正负样本均衡;然后在时域上提取能够反映波形动态变化特性的23个特征量,并利用高斯核Fisher判别分析(GKFDA)与最大信息系数(MIC)法从中选择最优表达特征组;最后,提出基于遗忘因子的在线顺序极限学习机(FOS-ELM)算法实现生命体触电行为的鉴别。实验结果表明,所提方法利用不均衡小样本触电数据集就可以训练出一个优秀的分类模型,诊断准确率可达98.75%,诊断时间仅为1.33 ms。其优良的性能结合在线增量式学习分类器设计,使得模型具备新知识学习能力,具有极好的工程应用前景。

基于组基轨迹模型的全膝关节置换术病人心理弹性轨迹及影响因素

目的:追踪全膝关节置换术后病人心理弹性的动态变化,并探究轨迹的相关影响因素。方法:选取2022年7月—2023年2月青岛市某三级甲等医院关节外科接受全膝关节置换术的病人为研究对象,在病人入院当天、术后3 d、术后2周拆线当日、术后1个月复诊当日、术后3个月复诊时调查病人的心理弹性水平,使用组基轨迹模型识别心理弹性变化轨迹及轨迹类别,采用多元Logistic回归分析不同轨迹的影响因素。结果:经模型拟合,最后得出4条不同的心理弹性轨迹,分别为低心理弹性平稳组、中心理弹性平稳组、低心理弹性下降组、高心理弹性上升组。多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度、领悟社会支持、正负性情绪为全膝关节置换术病人心理弹性轨迹的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:全膝关节置换术病人心理弹性存在4个异质性轨迹亚组,且随时间而发生变化,但大多数病人在术后可以保持平稳水平。文化程度、领悟社会支持、正负性情绪为病人心理弹性的影响因素。

糖尿病足患者运动管理循证实践方案临床应用的障碍因素和促进因素分析

目的 了解糖尿病足(DF)患者运动管理循证实践方案临床应用的障碍因素与促进因素,为临床护理工作提供参考。方法 采用立意抽样法,2022年8-10月在我院选取20位与证据临床应用的相关人员进行半结构式访谈,应用Colaizzi 7步分析法对访谈资料进行整理和分析。结果 形成4个主题,分别是变革层面、接受者层面、组织环境层面障碍因素和促进因素。结论 应综合临床实际情境不断完善证据应用,增加实践者的职业获益感和组织支持感,加大对患者宣教力度,制定完整清晰的护理质量管理体系,改善运动设备与场所,促进多学科紧密合作,以利于促进证据在临床中的应用。

急性胰腺炎患者早期液体复苏管理审查指标的制订及障碍因素分析

目的 全面评估急性胰腺炎患者早期液体复苏管理相关证据的应用现状,制定审查指标,分析障碍因素及促进因素。方法 以知识转化框架(KTA)为理论框架,确定临床问题,组建循证团队,系统检索、评价及整合证据,制订审查指标及明确审查方法。于2022年5月1日-10月1日进行临床审查,并根据审查结果分析障碍因素及促进因素,制订行动策略。结果 该研究最终纳入15条最佳证据,制订了16条审查指标,其中15条审查指标执行率<60%。对审查结果逐条分析得出主要障碍因素:证据不可及,改变了既往工作模式;潜在采纳者认知度不够,相关知识和技能有待提高,证据转化会增加临床工作量;实践环境缺乏基于证据相关流程和变革所需设备,多学科沟通渠道不畅。主要促进因素:本院为复旦大学循证护理证据应用基地,已有多项循证项目成功转化经验;转化科室为江苏省重点专科,有变革所需要的各类人才储备,医护合作氛围良好,积极性高,学习能力强。结论 急性胰腺炎患者早期液体复苏管理的临床实践与最佳证据间尚存在较大差距,通过深入辨析障碍因素,制定相应的行动策略,促进证据向临床有效转化,以保障急性胰腺炎患者早期液体复苏执行的安全性及合理性。

气交灸联合中药熏香对炎症性肠病患者睡眠障碍及炎性因子的影响

目的探讨气交灸联合中药熏香对炎症性肠病患者睡眠障碍及不良情绪、中医症候的改善效果。方法将101例心脾两虚型炎症性肠病睡眠障碍患者按时间段分为对照组51例和观察组50例,对照组采用常规护理及睡眠干预,观察组在对照组基础上实施4周气交灸联合中药熏香干预。结果干预后,观察组匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评分、多导睡眠监测指标得分、综合医院焦虑抑郁量表评分、中医症候积分、炎症因子水平显著优于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论气交灸联合中药熏香治疗可有效改善炎症性肠病睡眠障碍患者不良情绪及中医症状,降低炎症因子水平,提高睡眠质量。

化学物危害特征描述中不确定系数制定的研究进展及其应用

不确定系数的制定是化学物危害特征描述中的一个关键步骤,对于健康指导值的推导和分析风险评估结果的不确定性具有重要意义。在实际应用中,不确定系数主要包括默认的不确定系数、额外的不确定系数和其他来源的不确定系数。默认的不确定系数主要涉及物种间外推以及物种内/人群间外推。本文详细介绍了默认不确定系数的构成、优化方法、不确定性分析的新策略和新方法以及决策流程及其应用,以期为评估者更好地理解和开展化学物危害特征描述中的不确定性分析提供科学依据。

基于转录因子的生物传感器研究进展

转录因子的生物传感器(transcription-factor-based biosensors,TFBBs)作为一种重要的合成生物学工具,在高通量筛选、适应性进化、动态调控等方面具有重要作用。然而,天然的TFBBs由于灵敏度低、专一性差、响应慢等无法满足当前的应用需求。为应对上述挑战,该文简述了TFBBs的分类及其原理,重点介绍了TFBBs的性能调节策略,包括利用定向进化、蛋白质工程等策略优化生物传感器的灵敏度、特异性、检测范围和动态范围;总结了TFBBs在高通量筛选、适应性进化及动态调控方面的应用,讨论了TFBBs在实际应用中可能面临的机遇和挑战,并对其发展趋势进行了展望,指出了合成生物学的高速发展将促进生物传感器应用于更广泛的领域。

基于潜在风险的管理模式对小儿外科门诊医生专业技能的影响研究

目的探讨基于潜在风险的管理模式在小儿外科门诊中的应用效果及对医生专业技能的影响。方法选取2021年9月—2022年8月潍坊市人民医院小儿外科门诊医生29名为对照组;2022年9月—2023年8月同一批小儿外科门诊医生29名为观察组。对照组采用常规管理,观察组联合基于潜在风险的管理模式,比较两组专业技能、迷你临床评估(Mini Clinical Evaluation,mini-CEX)及满意度。结果观察组药品清点、健康体检、病历记录、医患沟通、治疗方案决定及消毒隔离得分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);观察组mini-CEX得分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组管理方法、技能提升、绩效考核、定期培训及考核方法满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论基于潜在风险的管理模式用于小儿外科门诊中效果显著,能提高医生专业技能及综合素质水平,可获得较高的管理满意度。

青少年体育家庭促进因素量表的编制与检验

目的:基于生态系统理论,开发一份适用于我国青少年体育家庭促进因素量表,并对其信度和效度进行验证。方法:利用区域抽样法,对华东、华中、华南、西南及西北地区的20名10至18岁青少年样本进行访谈。利用扎根理论对访谈资料进行三级编码,初步构建青少年体育家庭促进因素的结构维度,设计出30个初始题项。最后,对1371名青少年进行问卷测试,筛选有效问卷后,随机分为两组进行探索性和验证性因子分析。研究结果:探索性因子分析揭示量表包含行为习惯、父母体育支持、家庭运动价值观、资源投入四个维度,共13个题项。验证性因子分析证实了模型结构的有效性,各项拟合指标均满足接受标准(χ^(2)/df=2.490,GFI=0.962,CFI=0.981,IFI=0.981,AGFI=0.952,RMSEA=0.052)。此外,总量表及各维度α系数为0.832~0.922,折半信度为0.840~0.884,平均提取方差(AVE)为0.624~0.721,组合信度(CR)为0.838~0.963,且均达到显著性水平。研究结论:青少年体育家庭促进因素量表具有良好的信、效度。本研究为未来相关定量研究提供了一种有效测量工具。

带短肋钢筋桁架预制底板受弯性能研究

为研究带短肋钢筋桁架预制底板的力学性能,采用ABAQUS建立有限元模型,对比了该板与钢筋桁架预制底板的受弯性能,探讨了短肋形式对该板受弯性能的影响,分析了短肋长度、宽度、数量等因素对该板受弯性能的影响。结果表明:与钢筋桁架预制底板相比,带短肋钢筋桁架预制底板的承载力和刚度更高,带短肋钢筋桁架预制底板具有可行性;矩形短肋可有效提高该板的承载力和刚度;短肋长度、宽度对该板受弯性能影响较大,最大相差21.73%,且短肋长度主要影响承载力,宽度主要影响刚度;短肋混凝土强度等级、厚度,数量对该板受弯性能影响较小,最大相差3.5%。

基于ISM和AHP的政府购买公共体育服务绩效影响因素研究

政府购买公共体育服务绩效受到多种因素影响,这些因素之间关系复杂且影响力有差异。本研究旨在厘清这些因素之间层级关系和影响力排序,为政府购买公共体育服务决策者提供参考依据。基于已有文献和公共体育服务购买案例,应用解释结构模型方法(ISM)分析政府购买公共体育服务绩效影响因素间层级关系;采用层次分析法(AHP)对结构模型中各因素的影响力进行排序,得出指标体系各因素权重。结果表明:政治文化环境、制度环境和经济环境是深层根本因素;公众参与路径、信息公开、专业人才培养和规范购买流程是中层间接因素;在表层直接因素中,资金监管、承办资质和购买方式等因素最为重要。

基准排放因子更新对隧道需风量的影响研究

为解决交通车辆持续更新导致的城市隧道内通风系统设计浪费和运营闲置,研究基准排放因子更新对隧道需风量的影响,并建立2种应对车辆更新的基准排放因子计算方法.首先,通过理论分析明确需风量计算式中随时间更新的关键参数为基准排放因子;随后,根据定量分析得到基准排放因子和纵坡-车速系数更新对需风量的影响;最后,结合国外理念和实际设计经验,提出2种考虑时间更新的基准排放因子计算方法.研究结果表明:我国道路隧道通风设计规范在制定基准排放因子时参考了世界道路协会(PIARC)通风报告,并分析得到了参考理由;与2000年相比,2021年的CO、NOx和PM基准排放限值分别降低了81.6%、76.7%和97.9%;建立了使用机动车污染物排放限值作为基准排放因子的最不利设计方法,计算出2018年各污染物基准排放因子(CO为0.0011 m^(3)/(辆·km),PM为0.4610 m^(2)/(辆·km)),相比于2014年《细则》分别降低84.3%和77.0%.建立并验证了基准排放因子计算方法,为城市道路隧道通风系统设计提供参考.