Arterial Hypertension-Related Factors within Custodial Settings of Southern Benin in 2023

Introduction: Hypertension, a non-communicable disease, is a major public health threat worldwide, accounting for a high level of morbidity and mortality. Although it has been extensively published among the general population, further research is needed to understand the reality of hypertension within the custodial setting. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with arterial hypertension in custodial settings in southern Benin in 2023. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical study held in prisons in southern Benin from March to April 2023, involving inmates selected by two-stage random sampling. In the first stage, four prisons out of the six in the southern region of Benin were selected by simple random sampling. In the second stage, the prisoners were selected by systematic random sampling, with the sampling frame being the numbered list of eligible prisoners in each prison selected. Data collected by observation and questionnaire survey were analyzed using Stata 11 software. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. Overweight was defined by a body mass index (weight/height2 (kg/m2) ≥ 25. Factors associated with hypertension were identified by multiple logistic regression, at a 5% threshold of significance. Results: Altogether 336 inmates aged 37.55 ± 1.72 years were surveyed. The prevalence of hypertension in custodial settings in southern Benin in 2023 was 31.32% (95% CI [17.06;52.57]). Associated factors were inmate age (ORa = 3.36 95% CI: [1.94;5.85]) and abnormal waist circumference (ORa = 2.61 95% CI [1.27;5.40]). Conclusion: The prevalence of arterial hypertension in prisons of southern Benin (31.32%) is high when compared with the national average (25.9% (22.5-29.3)). The ministries of the Interior and Health need to collaborate to involve inmates in preventive strategies for non-communicable diseases, including hypertension.

Binding Number and Fractional k-Factors of Graphs

In this paper, we consider the relationship between the binding number and the existence of fractional k-factors of graphs. The binding number of G is defined by Woodall as bind(G)=min{ | NG(X) || X |:∅≠X⊆V(G) }. It is proved that a graph G has a fractional 1-factor if bind(G)≥1and has a fractional k-factor if bind(G)≥k−1k. Furthermore, it is showed that both results are best possible in some sense.

Influence of Spatial-Temporal and Environmental Factors on Larimichthys polyactis, Octopus variabilis, and Species Aggregated Set-Net CPUEs in Haizhou Bay, China

Set-nets are common alongshore fishing gear used in Haizhou Bay, which rely on flow to catch fish. The catch per unit effort(CPUE) of set-net is affected by spatial-temporal and environmental factors but no research has been conducted on this subject. In this study, we used generalized additive models(GAMs) to explore the influence of spatial-temporal and environmental factors on CPUEs of species aggregated, small yellow croaker(Larimichthys polyactis), and octopus(Octopus variabilis) based on logbooks investigations conducted at 4 stations in an alongshore area of Haizhou Bay from 2011 to 2012. The results showed that all CPUEs exhibited significant spatial-temporal differences at various scales. Aggregated CPUE was high when the sea surface temperature(SST) was 15-18℃ and 20-23℃, which was mainly determined by life history traits of the octopus and small yellow croaker(optimal SSTs 14-17℃ and 19-24℃, respectively). Chlorophyll-a concentration had significant influences on the aggregated, small yellow croaker and octopus CPUEs at optimal ranges of 3.8-6.2 mg m^(-3), 4.2-4.8 mg m^(-3) and 4.5-5.5 mg m^(-3), respectively. Flow through the net had positive relationships with CPUEs. The approximate logarithmic trends in regression curves had a critical point of 2.5 Mm^3 d^(-1), which was the dividing point that differentiated whether the major factor affecting CPUEs was the flow velocity or the fishery resource. Our results from this study will help guide fishery production and improve catch rate of set-net fishing in Haizhou Bay.

Environmental Risk Factors for Stomach Cancer in an African Setting about 193 Cases at the CHU Point G in Bamako/Mali

CHU (University Hospital Center) Point G: The department of surgery B is a surgical department of CHU Point G. The department is par excellence a reference department for cases of visceral surgery, cancer surgery, cardiovascular surgery, plastic and endocrinology surgery. As a reminder, the CHU Point G is the largest 3rd level referral hospital in Mali. Aim: To study the environmental risk factors of stomach cancer in the B surgery department of the Point G University Hospital in Bamako. Patients and Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study with retrospective collection from January 2008 to June 2018 (126 months). Results: We have identified 380 cases of digestive cancer, including 193 cases of stomach cancer or 50.79% of digestive cancers. The mean age of the patients was 57.21 ± 13 years. Male sex represented 55% (n = 106). Eating habits were dominated by the consumption of tô with potash (cereal paste) with 64.76% (n = 185). The main methods of preserving meat and fish were curing and smoking with 57.51% (n = 111). Chronic smoking was found in 24.35% (n = 47), alcohol + tobacco consumption in 2.59% (n = 5). The low socio-economic class represented 126 cases or 65.38%. Housewives and cultivators were respectively 37.82% (n = 73) and 227.97% (n = 54). 20.20% (n = 39) had a history of epigastric pain. Epigastralgia was the most common functional sign with 84.5% of cases (n = 169). An epigastric mass was found in 72 patients or 37.3%. Adenocarcinoma represented 97.4% (n = 188). Palliative surgery concerned the majority of our patients with 64.8% of patients (n = 79). The postoperative consequences were simple in 28.57% of cases (n = 28), the postoperative morbidity and mortality were respectively 33.61% (n = 41), and 23.77% (n = 29). The overall survival rate after surgery was 10.81% at 2 years and 2.94% at 5 years. This rate was 58.83% at 2 years and 28.50% at 5 years after curative surgery. Conclusion: The risk factors for stomach cancer are many and varied. Some are particularly present in Africa. Delay in diagnosis due to a belief in traditional healers is common in our community.

甲基转移酶SETDB1和SOX7甲基化在口腔癌中的相关性研究

目的检测口腔癌中SETDB1表达与SOX7甲基化水平,分析二者相关性及临床意义。方法收集口腔癌和癌旁组织,焦磷酸测序法检测SOX7基因甲基化水平,RT-qPCR检测SOX7和SETDB1 mRNA的表达,免疫组化及Western blot检测蛋白表达。统计分析SOX7甲基化水平与SETDB1相关性及其与临床病例特征的相关性。构建SETDB1下调siRNA转染口腔癌KB细胞,设siRNA-SETDB1为实验组(si-SET)、siRNA空载体为阴性对照组(si-N)和未转染KB细胞为空白对照组(NC)。检测3组SETDB1 mRNA和蛋白水平及SOX7甲基化。结果口腔癌组织SOX7基因甲基化率高于癌旁组织,SOX7 mRNA相对表达量低于癌旁组织,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。癌组织中SETDB1 mRNA相对表达量高于癌旁组织(P<0.05);免疫组化结果显示癌组织SOX7蛋白表达阳性率SETDB1蛋白表达阳性率高于癌旁组织,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Western Blot结果显示SETDB1在癌组织中表达高于癌旁组织,SOX7在癌组织中表达低于癌旁组织,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);口腔癌组织中SOX7甲基化和SETDB1具有相关性(r=0.324,P<0.05);SOX7甲基化和SETDB1与肿瘤TNM分期、组织分化和淋巴结转移密切相关(P<0.05)。体外实验显示,RNA干扰SETDB1后si-RNA组中SETDB1 mRNA和蛋白表达量最低(P<0.05),SOX7基因甲基化率显著下降(P<0.05)。结论在口腔癌病变过程中SETDB1与SOX7基因甲基化具有相关性,SETDB1可能是催化SOX7发生甲基化修饰的重要甲基化转移酶,在口腔早期病变诊治中具潜在价值。

基于SET因素分析法的学龄前儿童智能机器人设计研究

为了获得较为科学合理的学龄前儿童智能机器人设计方案,提高用户对儿童智能机器人的满意度,文章首先通过调研分析了儿童智能机器人设计的现状及存在问题。其次归纳学龄前儿童的认知特点和SET因素,对儿童智能机器人的目标用户需求进行拆解和分析。最后归纳总结出针对学龄前儿童智能机器人的产品机会,提出具有可行性的且易于学龄前儿童使用的儿童智能机器人设计思路。以期为学龄前儿童智能机器人设计提供参考,增强设计方案的可行性与有效性。

INDEPENDENT-SET-DELETABLE FACTOR-CRITICAL POWER GRAPHS

It is said that a graph G is independent-set-deletable factor-critical （in short, ID-factor-critical）, if, for everyindependent-set I which has the same parity as ｜V（G）｜, G - I has a perfect matching. A graph G is strongly IM-extendable, if for every spanning supergraph H of G, every induced matching of H is included in a perfect matching of H. The κ-th power of G, denoted by G^κ, is the graph with vertex set V（G） in which two vertices are adjacent if and only if they have distance at most k in G. ID-factor-criticality and IM-extendability of power graphs are discussed in this article. The author shows that, if G is a connected graph, then G^3 and T（G） （the total graph of G） are ID-factor-critical, and G^4 （when ｜V（G）｜ is even） is strongly IM-extendable; if G is 2-connected, then D^2 is ID-factor-critical.

Factors Influencing Second Language Learners' Goal Setting

Goalsetting, as one of the most important meta-cognitive strategies in learning, has gained considerable attention (Bruce,2011). A number of studies have focused on the positive effect of goal setting in sustaining motivation, promoting self-efficacy andfostering autonomy. However, few research seems to examine the factors that influence second language learners’goal setting. Thecurrent study aims to address this gap by investigating the goal setting processes of two postgraduate learners at Tianjin ForeignStudies Universities. Interviews were triangulated to obtain a deep understanding. Findings revealed that motivation, self-efficacy,learning strategy, time management can all have influences on the language learners’goal-setting.

哪些因素决定了科技龙头企业竞争力?——基于fs QCA的组态效应研究

竞争力是事关科技龙头企业生存和发展的关键问题。当前经济新的下行压力进一步增大,哪些因素决定了科技龙头企业竞争力,这是在理论和实践的双重探索中形成的一个重要时代课题。因为科技龙头企业竞争力影响因素以及因素之间关系十分复杂,所以组态视角和模糊集定性比较分析可作为相对合适的研究方法,深入分析科技龙头企业竞争力的决定因素。单个要素并不构成科技龙头企业竞争力产生的必要条件,科技龙头企业可从3种路径获得较强竞争力,具有适当规模在提升竞争力方面发挥着重要作用。科技龙头企业可以根据实际情况,充分发挥自身有利条件,通过不同的方式实现企业竞争力提升。引入组态视角探究哪些因素决定了科技龙头企业竞争力,有助于深化对科技龙头企业竞争力背后多重因素间复杂互动本质的理性认识,对科技龙头企业提升竞争力具有重要的理论价值与实践意义。

An information-based rough set approach to critical engineering factor identification

In order to analyze the main critical engineering factors, an information-based rough set approach that considers conditional information entropy as a measurement of information has been developed. An algorithm for continuous attribute discretization based on conditional information entropy and an algorithm for rule extraction considering the supports of rules are proposed. The initial decision system is established by collecting enough monitoring data. Then, the continuous attributes are discretized, and the condition attributes are reduced. Finally, the rules that indicate the action law of the main factors are extracted and the results are explained. By applying this approach to a crack in an arch gravity dam, it can be concluded that the water level and the temperature are the main factors affecting the crack opening, and there is a negative correlation between the crack opening and the temperature. This conclusion corresponds with the observation that cracks in most concrete dams are influenced mainly by water level and temperature, and the influence of temperature is more evident.

养老机构服务智慧化转型驱动因素组态与路径识别——基于模糊集的定性比较分析

智慧化转型是人口老龄化背景下创新养老服务模式、重塑养老服务格局的重要战略选择。养老机构服务对象辐射范围广、服务供给形式灵活、运营管理形式多样,在推动养老服务智慧化转型进程中具有先天优势,养老机构服务智慧化转型可引领、带动实现养老服务体系整体优化升级。基于技术—组织—环境(TOE)框架,运用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法探索养老机构服务智慧化转型的驱动因素组合,考察技术、组织、环境维度7个前因变量对养老机构服务智慧化转型意愿的联动效应及作用路径。结果显示,任何单一前因变量均不能单独成为养老机构服务智慧化转型的驱动因素,而是以技术—组织—环境驱动型和技术—组织驱动型两种驱动类型下的4种组态形式协同促进高转型意愿生成,且前因条件越完备,养老机构越倾向于提供智慧化服务;感知相对优势是养老机构服务智慧化转型核心驱动要素,技术兼容性和市场拉力可与特定前因条件“等效替代”共同推动养老机构服务智慧化转型。研究结论为激发养老机构服务智慧化转型动力、探索适宜路径、加速体系智慧化升级提供了极具实践价值的改革参考与管理启示。

The Impact of Small Field’s Off-Set on Output Factor in Intensity Modulated Radiation Treatment

In intensity modulated radiation treatment (IMRT) planning, the use of asymmetrically collimated fields that are placed on central axis or its off-set is mostly required. Output is the main topic discussed today for extremely small and/or severe irregularly shaped fields. The air scatter data are involved directly or indirectly in obtaining the output. Despite the fact that extensive data have been published in many studies to provide a guide on the magnitude of output factor for clinical accelerators, there are very few data reviewed about output factor in-air or phantom for off-set fields. This study was aimed to investigate the impact of these conditions for small fields. This study was conducted in Elekta Synergy linear accelerator which produces 6 MV X-ray energy. The in-air output factor (Sc) has been measured by CC04 ion chamber with brass-alloy “build-up” cap and Dose-1 electrometer, and the total output (Scp) measurements were carried on at dose maximum depth in phantom by the same chamber and Thermoluminescence dosimeter (TLD) for 1 - 10 cm2 fields. The all measurements at center of isocenter and off-set fields at three directions (X2, Y1, Diagonal) were done. By decreasing field size from 10 to 2 cm2 at isocenter, the Sc value using CC04 was decreased to 5.4% and Scp using CC04 and TLD to 14.5% and 11% respectively. By increasing off-set value, the Sc and Scp values were increased in all directions comparing to central fields. The maximum increase was obtained in Y1 direction for Sc and Scp. TLD results for Scp is slightly higher than CC04. The dosimetric properties of small fields and their off-set should be evaluated and modelled appropriately in the treatment planning system to ensure accurate dose calculation in Intensity Modulated Radiation Treatment.

基于Rasch模型的船舶舾装效率影响要素分析

针对现有提高舾装效率的研究局限于某一环节,缺乏全面系统性分析,难以客观准确评价各因素影响程度的问题,基于实地考察、专家访谈、问卷调查等方法,综合考虑舾装作业离散型特征,从策划和实施2个阶段分析涉及设计、设备、计划以及人机料法环等8个方面的38个影响舾装效率的因素,采用Vague集-熵权法进行主客观评估,筛选出28个关键因素,并采用Rasch模型方法对影响舾装效率的多重要素进行影响程度定量分析。研究发现:策划阶段对舾装效率的影响程度较大,其中因不可控要素供应链受阻是影响最大的要素。研究表明企业应对策划阶段重点改进;实施阶段对舾装效率影响较小,企业无需投入过多资源改进。

数字平台型企业网络效应影响因素的组态研究——基于模糊集定性比较分析方法

在消费者主导的数字浪潮下,网络效应已成为数字平台型企业扩大市场规模的关键点,依靠网络效应建立用户价值优势成为最核心的竞争策略。本研究在数字经济这一全新背景下,从网络效应视角出发,根据调查问卷获取的数据,运用模糊集定性比较法分析其多影响因素间的组态关系,深入挖掘其前因条件间的有效组合和匹配(即协同)。研究发现:市场定位和价格因素二者之间的协同是网络效应激发过程中的核心条件。技术因素和社交因素二者间的协同是网络效应扩大过程中的核心条件。平台治理和技术因素间的协同关系是网络效应迭代过程中的核心条件。在此基础上,本研究提出了“激发—扩大—迭代”三条增强数字平台型企业网络效应的实现路径,为数字平台企业综合竞争力的提升和可持续发展提供了科学的参考。

组织因素对用户创业企业绩效的影响机制研究——基于模糊集定性比较分析

用户成为创业者,为“大众创业、万众创新”带来新的活力,用户创业及其绩效问题已成为创业领域研究的重点之一。以65个用户创业企业为样本,基于用户创业企业组织因素的创业能力、创业氛围、创业拼凑、创业导向和创业战略5个前因条件,构建用户创业企业绩效影响机制模型。运用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法,探究5个条件变量组合形成的不同组态对用户创业企业绩效的影响。研究结果表明:创业拼凑是产生高用户创业企业绩效的必要条件;高用户创业企业绩效的路径可被归纳为团队资源内外驱动型和策略资源双向驱动型,其与构成非高用户创业企业绩效的组态呈现非对称性关系。建议用户创业企业有意识地培养创业拼凑能力,发挥多种因素的协同效应,进而促进企业绩效提升。

复杂光机系统综合性能评估方法

作为涉及光、机、电、控、热、气、液等多个领域的复杂光机系统,如何对其进行综合性能评估一直是难以解决的关键技术问题。针对该问题,通过分层分析并结合熵值、灰色和模糊评估等方法,提出了能够直观反映复杂光机系统的评估因子,即G因子。通过G因子,可直观地对复杂光机系统的综合性能进行评估,并可对比不同光机系统的综合性能;同时在评估过程中,也可对复杂光机系统的某个或几个关键参数进行对比分析。G因子提供了一种能够反映复杂光机系统综合性能的直观参数,为复杂光机系统的综合性能评估及相关系统研制提供了技术支撑。

基于粗糙集理论的均匀设计阿魏酸合成工艺因素规律的方法研究

目的利用粗糙集理论研究药物合成生产过程中生产因素之间的内在规律,探求最优合成工艺方案的方法。方法采用粗糙集理论方法,以阿魏酸合成工艺为案例,利用均匀设计试验预处理,形成基于粗糙集的决策表,建立粗糙集规则模型。通过决策规则分析工艺因素对试验指标的影响,优选最佳合成工艺。结果阿魏酸合成工艺的反应时间水平与阿魏酸收率水平呈线性增加的趋势(P<0.01),原料配比、吡啶量因素水平与阿魏酸收率水平并没有线性增加的趋势(P>0.05)。当试验三因素都取7水平时,试验结果最好,为最佳组合。结论粗糙集理论方法能够全面地分析药物合成工艺因素与试验结果之间的内在动态规律,为提高药物合成工艺质量,提出了一种独特的优选方法和思路以供参考。

基于地质和自然环境背景的国家公园生态产品价值实现路径研究

中国设立国家公园是在生物多样保护方面做出的重要举措。如何使国家公园高质量、稳步发展,其中重要的途径是充分发挥国家公园内的生态产品价值,服务社会,促进自然资源保护利用的良性循环,因此对生态产品价值实现路径的研究具有重要意义。本文通过分析第一批5个国家公园(三江源国家公园、大熊猫国家公园、东北虎豹国家公园、武夷山国家公园和海南热带雨林国家公园)地质和自然背景的特征以及自然资源的构成,探讨自然资源与生态产品的密切关系。根据人工的干扰程度,本文把生态产品分为自然生态产品、半自然生态产品和人工生态产品。以陆地水资源为例,分析了影响生态产品价值的主要因素以及自然资源转换为不同的生态产品类型。依据生态产品的特性,提出了其价值实现的三级路径和方式,分析了具有不同地质和自然背景的国家公园的生态产品价值实现路径的差异。

数字贸易规则开放水平特征及其影响因素的实证分析

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