ERASED-CHASE DECODING FOR RS-CODED MPSK SIGNALING OVER A RAYLEIGH FADING CHANNEL

In this paper,a novel dual-metric,the maximum and minimum Squared Euclidean Distance Increment (SEDI) brought by changing the hard decision symbol,is introduced to measure the reli-ability of the received M-ary Phase Shift Keying (MPSK) symbols over a Rayleigh fading channel. Based on the dual-metric,a Chase-type soft decoding algorithm,which is called erased-Chase algorithm,is developed for Reed-Solomon (RS) coded MPSK schemes. The proposed algorithm treats the unre-liable symbols with small maximum SEDI as erasures,and tests the non-erased unreliable symbols with small minimum SEDI as the Chase-2 algorithm does. By introducing optimality test into the decoding procedure,much more reduction in the decoding complexity can be achieved. Simulation results of the RS(63,42,22)-coded 8-PSK scheme over a Rayleigh fading channel show that the proposed algorithm provides a very efficient tradeoff between the decoding complexity and the error performance. Finally,an adaptive scheme for the number of erasures is introduced into the decoding algorithm.

Performance of M-QAM, M-DPSK and M-PSK with MRC diversity in a Nakagami-m fading channel

The nature of a wireless communication channel is very unpredictable. To design a good communication link, it is required to know the statistical model of the channel accurately. The average symbol error probability(ASER) was analyzed for different modulation schemes. A unified analytical framework was presented to obtain closed-form solutions for calculating the ASER of M-ary differential phase-shift keying(M-DPSK), coherent M-ary phase-shift keying(M-PSK), and quadrature amplitude modulation(QAM) over single or multiple Nakagami-m fading channels. Moreover, the ASER was estimated and evaluated by using the maximal ratio-combining(MRC) diversity technique. Simulation results show that an error rate of the fading channel typically depends on Nakagami parameters(m), space diversity(N), and symbol rate(M). A comparison between M-PSK, M-DPSK, and M-QAM modulation schemes was shown, and the results prove that M-ary QAM(M-QAM) demonstrates better performance compared to M-DPSK and M-PSK under all fading and non-fading conditions.

Semiconductor optical amplifier used as regenerator for degraded differential phase-shift keying signals

Phase and amplitude regeneration are necessary for degraded differential phase-shift keying communication sys- tems. This paper proposes a regenerator based on semiconductor optical amplifier for differential phase-shift keying signals. The key regeneration mechanism is theoretically analysed. The effectiveness of semiconductor optical amplifier based regenerator is demonstrated by comparing the bit error rate and eye diagrams before and after regeneration for 40-Cbit/s differential phase-shift keying 1080-km transmission systems. The results show that regeneration effects are very well. Bit error rate is tess than 10-12 with the regenerator.

Analysis of the differential-phase-shift-keying protocol in the quantum-key-distribution system

The analysis is based on the error rate and the secure communication rate as functions of distance for three quantum-key-distribution （QKD） protocols： the Bennett-Brassard 1984, the Bennett Brassard Mermin 1992, and the coherent differential-phase-shift keying （DPSK） protocols. We consider the secure communication rate of the DPSK protocol against an arbitrary individual attack, including the most commonly considered intercept-resend and photonnumber splitting attacks, and concluded that the simple and efficient differential-phase-shift-keying protocol allows for more than 200 km of secure communication distance with high communication rates.

Interactive Kalman Filtering for Differential and Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying Modulation with Application in Bluetooth

Some applications are constrained only to implement low cost receivers. In this case, designers are required to use less complex and non-expensive modulation techniques. Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (DQPSK) and Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK) can be non-coherently demodulated with simple algorithms. However, these types of demodulation are not robust and suffer from poor performance. This paper proposes a new method to enhance the performance of DQPSK and GFSK using Interactive Kalman Filtering (IKF) technique, in which a one Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) and two Kalman Filters (KF) are coupled to optimize the demodulated signals. This method consists of simple but very effective algorithms without adding complexity to the demodulators comparing to other very complex methods. UKF is used in this method due to its superiority in approximating and estimating nonlinear systems and its ability to handle non-Gaussian noise environments. The proposed method has been validated by creating a MATLAB/SIMULINK Bluetooth system model, in which the IKF is integrated into the receiver, which implement both DQPSK and GFSK, and run simulation in Gaussian and Non-Gaussian noise environments. Results have shown the effectiveness of this method in optimizing the received signals, and that the UKF outperforms the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF).

Influence of multi-photon pulses on practical differential-phase-shift quantum key distribution

The influence of multi-photon pulses on practical differcBtial-phase-shift quantum key distribution （DPS-Qt（D） is analysed. We have estimated the information which Eve obtained by PNS （photon-number splitting） attack and BS （beam splitting） attack. The result indicates that the PNS attack and BS attack will not limit the transmission distance as long as we select an appropriate mean photon number. Also, the maximum mean photon number under BS attack in practical DPS-QKD system and the set of practical assumptions about Eve＇s capabilities are presented.

Lower bound for the security of differential phase shift quantum key distribution against a one-pulse-attack

Quantum key distribution is the art of sharing secret keys between two distant parties, and has attracted a lot of attention due to its unconditional security. Compared with other quantum key distribution protocols, the differential phase shift quantum key distribution protocol has higher efficiency and simpler apparatus. Unfortunately, the uncondi- tional security of differential phase shift quantum key distribution has not been proved. Utilizing the sharp continuity of the von Neuman entropy and some basic inequalities, we estimate the upper bound for the eavesdropper Eve＇s infor- mation. We then prove the lower bound for the security of the differential phase shift quantum key distribution protocol against a one-pulse attack with Devatak-Winter＇s secret key rate formula.

Passive round-robin differential-quadrature-phase-shift quantum key distribution scheme with untrusted detectors

In this paper, we proposed the scheme for a passive round-robin differential-phase-shift quantum key distribution（RRDPS-QKD） set-up based on the principle of Hong–Ou–Mandel interference. Our scheme requires two legitimate parties to prepare their signal state with two different non-orthogonal bases instead of single in original protocol. Incorporating this characteristic, we establish the level of security of our protocol under the intercept-resend attack and demonstrate its detector-flaw-immune feature. Furthermore, we show that our scheme not only inherits the merit of better tolerance of bit errors and finite-sized-key effects but can be implemented using hardware similar to the measurement device independent QKD（MDI-QKD）. This ensures good compatibility with the current commonly used quantum system.

Round-robin differential quadrature phase-shift quantum key distribution

Recently,a round-robin differential phase-shift（RRDPS） protocol was proposed[Nature 509,475（2014）],in which the amount of leakage is bounded without monitoring the signal disturbance.Introducing states of the phase-encoded Bennett-Brassard 1984 protocol（PE-BB84） to the RRDPS,this paper presents another quantum key distribution protocol called round-robin differential quadrature phase-shift（RRDQPS） quantum key distribution.Regarding a train of many pulses as a single packet,the sender modulates the phase of each pulse by one of {0,π/2,π,3π/2},then the receiver measures each packet with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer having a phase basis of 0 or π/2.The RRDQPS protocol can be implemented with essential similar hardware to the PE-BB84,so it has great compatibility with the current quantum system.Here we analyze the security of the RRDQPS protocol against the intercept-resend attack and the beam-splitting attack.Results show that the proposed protocol inherits the advantages arising from the simplicity of the RRDPS protocol and is more robust against these attacks than the original protocol.

Performance Analysis of Post-Detection Combining for NFSK and DPSK Systems over Arbitrarily Correlated Nakagami Channels with Distinct Fading Parameters

For differential phase shift keying （DPSK） and noncoherent frequency shift keying （NFSK） systems over fading channels, the post-detection combining method is a popular means for improving the bit error performance. However, the bit error performance of such systems over Nakagami channels with an arbitrary covariance matrix and real distinct fading parameters has been seldom described in the literature. This paper studies the problem using a generic correlated Nakagami fading model and presents a closed form solution which is used to study the influence of the fading parameters and the signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） distribution ratios among all the branches on the bit error performance. Moreover, the average SNRs of each branch are not restricted to one value in the analysis. The closed form solution developed for the problem can be used to study the influence of the fading parameters and the SNR distribution ratios on the error performance.

Undersampled differential phase shift on-off keying for optical camera communications

OCC(Optical Camera Communication)has been proposed in recent years as a new technique for visible light communications.This paper introduces the implementation and experimental demonstration of an OCC system.Phase uncertainty and phase slipping caused by camera sampling are the two major challenges for OCC.In this paper,we propose a novel modulation scheme called undersampled differential phase shift on–off keying to encode binary data bits without exhibiting any flicker to human eyes.The phase difference between two consecutive samples conveys one-bit information,which can be decoded by a low-frame-rate camera receiver.Error detection techniques are introduced to enhance the reliability of the system.We present the hardware and software design of the proposed system,which is implemented with a Xilinx FPGA and a Logitech commercial camera.Experimental results demonstrate that a bit-error rate of 10−5 can be achieved with 7.15 mW received signal power over a link distance of 15 cm.

2DPSK调制与解调系统的仿真设计与分析

二进制差分相移键控(2DPSK)法能够避免2PSK信号传输中相位不确定和倒“π”缺陷,误码率极低,实际应用较广。为了更好地理解2DPSK调制和解调的原理,借助于MATLAB/Simulink仿真技术实现了2DPSK调制和解调系统的建模和分析。仿真实验表明,仿真结果和理论分析内容一致,验证了仿真模型的正确性。

基于Turbo编码的低信噪比下可靠通信技术研究

针对低信噪比(Signal to Noise Ratio,SNR)环境下的数字通信系统性能问题,提出一种结合差分相移键控(Differential Phase Shift Keying,DPSK)调制和Turbo码纠错的通信方案。主要介绍Turbo码和DPSK的基本原理,分析它们在低信噪比环境下的优势,设计一系列仿真实验,使用MATLAB作为仿真平台,在加性高斯白噪声信道中评估结合方案性能。实验结果表明,在低信噪比条件下,该方案能够满足通信系统的性能需求,具有较低的误码率(Bit Error Rate,BER)和误帧率(Frame Error Rate,FER),从而实现可靠的数字通信。通过分析实验结果,验证了所提出方法的有效性,为低信噪比环境下的通信系统提供了一种优化方案。

基于正交混沌载波的多用户DCSK系统性能分析

现有的多用户差分混沌移位键控(multiple-user differential chaos shift keying,MU-DCSK)算法存在用户间干扰、误码性能不理想等问题。为了提高误码性能,提出一种基于正交混沌载波的多用户差分混沌移位键控(MU-DCSK based on orthogonal chaotic carrier,OMU-DCSK)通信系统。该系统通过设计一种正交混沌信号发生器,利用其转换特性和正交特性,有效降低平均比特能量和彻底消除多址干扰。推导出在瑞利信道中的比特误码率公式并进行仿真。理论分析和仿真结果表明,OMU-DCSK在较小牺牲系统复杂性的条件下,有效提高了系统的误码性能。

40Gb/s差分相移键控格式抗偏振模色散的性能研究

研究了40Gb/s非归零或归零格式下,差分相移键控和开关键控信号对一阶偏振模色散的影响.比较分析了不同偏振模色散影响下的各种调制格式的眼开度.结果表明:使用非归零和归零格式,在一阶偏振模色散情况下,差分相移键控信号均比开关键控信号有更高的眼开度;与归零差分相移键控格式相比,非归零差分相移键控格式受偏振模色散影响眼开度要小;对于给定的比特率,载波抑制归零差分相移键控格式比归零差分相移键控格式有更好的抗偏振模色散能力.

原核细胞仿生自修复电路设计

仿生电子阵列是模拟生物体自修复机制,具有在线自修复能力的新型电路。针对基于真核细胞的仿生电子阵列配置存储消耗大等不足,在比较真核细胞、原核细胞基因结构的基础上,提出了一种基于原核细胞的仿生电子阵列结构,设计实现了差分二进制相移键控调制电路,通过仿真验证了该结构的有效性。

光DQPSK调制在不同色散补偿系统中的性能

分析了光非归零-差分正交相移键控(NRZ-DQPSK)、33%归零-差分正交相移键控(33%RZ-DQPSK)和载波抑制归零-差分正交相移键控(CSRZ-DQPSK)三种调制格式的频域特性。并数字仿真了40Gbit/s的单信道光纤系统中三种调制格式在对色散(CD)进行后补偿、预补偿和对称补偿等三种补偿方式及考虑偏振模色散(PMD)和非线性效应情况下的传输性能。仿真结果表明,33%RZ-DQPSK对自相位调制(SPM)有最好的容忍度,但缓解PMD和CD的能力较弱;CSRZ-DQPSK在色散后补偿方式中对PMD和非线性效应具有最好的抑制能力。

带有相位噪声的MPSK和MDPSK性能统一分析

本文研究了相位噪声场对MPSK、MDPSK性能的影响.首先在统一框架下,推导了AWGN、Nakagami m衰落和莱斯衰落信道中带有相位噪声时MPSK相干解调和MDPSK差分解调的误符号率;然后运用计算机仿真和数值方法,对误符号率和相位噪声的关系进行了验证;最后通过应用示例,展示了本文工作在系统设计和性能评估中的重要作用.

RS-MPSK编码调制在传输压缩图像的Rayleigh衰落信道中的性能

本文研究了两种结构的RS MPSK编码调制方案在传输压缩图像的Rayleigh衰落信道中的性能。采用计算机仿真的方法得到了该方案在Rayleigh衰落信道中的误比特率 ,并与理论上限进行了比较。将该方案用于传输压缩图像时 ,可大大提高系统的性能 ,具有较高的理论意义和实用价值。

DPSK色散管理线性和类孤子系统传输的简约解

采用简化法分别研究了差分相移键控(DPSK)色散管理线性和类孤子系统的传输特性,得出较为简洁明了的脉宽以及脉冲啁啾随距离演化的方程组.研究的结果发现,线性的DPSK系统只有在色散完全补偿的情形下是一种临界的稳定,而类孤子的DPSK系统即使在欠补偿情形下,系统也是完全的稳定,啁啾的演化是独特的闭合曲线.其完全稳定性的物理实质来自于非线性效应引入的自束缚势.从而说明DPSK色散管理类孤子系统良好的传输性能.